Pendro
Pendro
پێندرۆ | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Pendro Location in Kurdistan Region, Iraq  Pendro Pendro (Iraq) | |
| Coordinates: 37°03′40″N 44°06′29″E / 37.061°N 44.108°E | |
| Country | Iraq |
| Region | Kurdistan Region |
| Governorate | Erbil |
| District | Mergasor |
| Time zone | AST (UTC+3) |
Pendro (
Zagros; less than 10% of the Pendro is below 1,225 m (4,019 ft),[3] and its highest point is 2,534 m (8,314 ft).[3]
History
Pendro has located in the Mizuri region and the villagers were deported by
PKK-Turkish conflict.[8]
Geography
Pendro lies at an altitude of 1,325 metres (4,347 ft)
springs the main springs are Kanya Gundi, Kanya Serderave, Kani Jefre, Kanya Mlane, Kanya Butine, Kanya Helara and Kanya Mira.[3]
Climate
Pendro's clamate is
Hot/warm-summer humid continental (Dsa) according to Köppen climate classification, Weather in region is moderate especially in winter which is very cold and rainy (more than 1,500 mm (59 in) in some years) in addition to the fall of 150 cm (59 in) of snow annually. January is the wettest month.[9]
| Climate data for Pendro (2009–2016) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.0 (55.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
27.0 (80.6) |
33.0 (91.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
44.0 (111.2) |
44.0 (111.2) |
40.0 (104.0) |
31.0 (87.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
44.0 (111.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.5 (49.1) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.2 (61.2) |
23.0 (73.4) |
29.6 (85.3) |
36.7 (98.1) |
41.0 (105.8) |
40.7 (105.3) |
35.2 (95.4) |
27.5 (81.5) |
18.8 (65.8) |
12.2 (54.0) |
25.2 (77.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.1 (43.0) |
8.5 (47.3) |
11.7 (53.1) |
18.0 (64.4) |
25.6 (78.1) |
31.7 (89.1) |
35.3 (95.5) |
34.7 (94.5) |
29.1 (84.4) |
22.3 (72.1) |
14.6 (58.3) |
7.1 (44.8) |
20.4 (68.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) |
3.2 (37.8) |
5.0 (41.0) |
9.5 (49.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.6 (74.5) |
22.2 (72.0) |
17.3 (63.1) |
13.5 (56.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
3.5 (38.3) |
12.0 (53.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −9.0 (15.8) |
−12.0 (10.4) |
−2 (28) |
10.0 (50.0) |
14 (57) |
20.0 (68.0) |
22.0 (71.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
14.0 (57.2) |
9.0 (48.2) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−12.0 (10.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 155.1 (6.11) |
91.0 (3.58) |
143.6 (5.65) |
89.1 (3.51) |
51.0 (2.01) |
2.9 (0.11) |
1.5 (0.06) |
1.3 (0.05) |
3.9 (0.15) |
53.9 (2.12) |
85.0 (3.35) |
141.6 (5.57) |
819.9 (32.27) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 12.0 (4.7) |
34.3 (13.5) |
16.9 (6.7) |
1.0 (0.4) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
7.2 (2.8) |
71.4 (28.1) |
| Average rainy days | 12.3 | 10.5 | 14.8 | 12.5 | 10.7 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 8.5 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 98.2 |
| Average snowy days | 2.2 | 3.6 | 5.5 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 13.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%)
|
64.8 | 60.8 | 58.8 | 51.5 | 37.3 | 22.8 | 18.6 | 18.7 | 24.7 | 36.8 | 47.8 | 59.2 | 41.8 |
| Source 1: Worldweatheronline [1] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Accuweather [2] | |||||||||||||
Elementary School
students and teachers (1968)Wildlife
Environmental protection in Pendro and other parts of
Barzani tribes began during the leadership of Khudan, he has banned the cutting of trees and hunting wild animals, especially wild goat and more progressive environmental protection had it start in the 1990s.[10][11]
Flora
Pendro has a hundred species of plants.[12]
References
- ^ KRSO (2009), "2009 - ناوی پاریزگا. يه که کارگيرييه كانی پاریزگاكانی هه ریمی کوردستان" [2009 - Name of the county. Administrative units of the provinces of the Kurdistan Region] (PDF), Kurdistan Region Statistics Office (KRSO) (in Kurdish), pp. 36–43, archived from the original (PDF) on 18 September 2021, retrieved 6 February 2021
- ^ "الطائرات التركية تقصف مواقع لـ"P.K.K"". Rudaw Media Network (in Arabic). 23 September 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
- ^ a b c d e "جابا خەلکێ گوندێ پێندرو". www.archive.org (in Kurdish). 2015. pp. 23....and 83.
- ^ "Xebat Newspaper". Xebat.net. Archived from the original on 2017-07-28. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ^ "The first of the major Barzani revolts" (PDF). historyofkurd.com. 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-07-28. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ISBN 978-0-312-29316-1.
- ^ "Pendro Etymology". ekurds. Archived from the original on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
- ^ Nawzad Hluri. "زیانهكانی بۆردمانی شهوی رابردووی فڕۆكه توركییهكان". wishe. Archived from the original on 2018-08-10. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ^ "Weather in Pendro, Arbil". us.worldweatheronline.com.
- ^ "Conserving wild goats in the Peramagroon and Barzan mountains, Iraq". Conservation Leadership Programme.
- ^ "Conserving Wild Goats Capra aegagrus at Qara Dagh and Peramagroon Mountains, Iraq" (PDF). www.conservationleadershipprogramme.org. p. 26.
- ^ "Home | Kurd Flora". www.kurdflora.com. Archived from the original on 2018-09-28. Retrieved 2018-12-01.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pendro.