Pennsylvania Railroad, Connecting Railway Bridge

Pennsylvania Railroad, Connecting Railway Bridge
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Other name(s)	Pennsylvania Railroad, New York Division, Bridge No. 69
Characteristics
Design	Arch bridge
Material	Stone
Longest span	103 feet (31 m)
History
Designer	John A. Wilson (attributed) George Brooke Roberts
Constructed by	Thomas Seabrook
Opened	1867
Location

Pennsylvania Railroad, Connecting Railway Bridge is a stone

The bridge was built in 1866 and 1867 by the Connecting Railway, a company affiliated with the Pennsylvania Railroad and formally purchased by the PRR in 1871. Its purpose was to connect the PRR's southern and northern lines, and to be part of an eventual direct PRR line from Washington, D.C., to New York City. Before the bridge's construction, PRR trains took a circuitous route between PRR's West Philadelphia and North Philadelphia Stations.

The bridge was probably designed by

The bridge opened to traffic on 2 June 1867.^[1] The bridge was narrow, with only 2 tracks and an iron truss at mid-river. This was a 236-foot-3-inch (72 m) cast- and wrought-iron, arch-reinforced, double-intersection Whipple truss.

In 1873, PRR slightly reduced the truss's span by widening the stone piers at each end. Probably at the same time, PRR removed the truss's reinforcing arch. In 1897, PRR replaced the Whipple truss with a Pratt truss of the same length.^[2]

Expanded bridge

Between 1912 and 1915, PRR more than doubled the width of the bridge to 5 tracks, and replaced the mid-river iron truss with two massive stone arches.^[3] Alexander C. Shand was the designer of what was essentially a new bridge, built to look like the original. Eyre, Shoemaker, Inc. was the masonry contractor. Reiter, Curtis & Hill built the reinforced concrete bridges over Lansdowne Drive and West Girard Avenue, and the viaduct curving around the Philadelphia Zoo.^[4]

In art

The Connecting Railway Bridge, with its line of stone arches, was a frequent subject for painters. It appears in works by Carl Philipp Weber,^[5] Edmund Darch Lewis, Thomas Moran, and, most famously, Max Schmitt in a Single Scull (1871) by Thomas Eakins.

• 
  Max Schmitt in a Single Scull (1871) by Thomas Eakins.
• 
  A View of Philadelphia from Belmont Plateau (1873) by Edmund Darch Lewis.
• 
  1891 engraving by Moses King.

Other images

• 
  1872 Schuylkill River map.
• 
  Connecting Railway Bridge (circa 1867-73) with original reinforced-arch truss.
• 
  Connecting Railway Bridge (circa 1867-73) from the south.
• 
  East River Drive

  (circa 1873) approaching the Connecting Railway Bridge.
• 
  East River Drive

  going under the Connecting Railway Bridge.
• 
  Connecting Railway Bridge (after 1873) with reinforced-arch removed from truss.
• 
  Spring Garden Pumping Station (after 1873) with the Connecting Railway Bridge in the background.
• 
  Colorized photograph of the East River Drive (circa 1900).
• 
  Aerial view of the Philadelphia Zoo (2003). The Pennsylvania Railroad, Connecting Railway Bridge is at bottom.

See also

• List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania
• List of crossings of the Schuylkill River
• List of Northeast Corridor infrastructure

References

Further reading

• Schotter, Howard W. (1927). The Growth and Development of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company ... 1846 to 1926. Philadelphia: Press of Allen, Lane, and Scott.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Connecting Railway Bridge.

• Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. PA-37, "Connecting Railway, Schuylkill River Bridge"
• Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) No. PA-6213, "Pennsylvania Railroad, Mantua Junction Viaduct", 2 photos by Jack Boucher, 1995.