Girard Avenue

Girard Avenue

I-95 in Fishtown
East end	Richmond Street in Fishtown

Girard Avenue is a major commercial and residential street in Philadelphia. For most of its length it runs east–west, but at Frankford Avenue it makes a 135-degree turn north. Parts of the road are signed as U.S. Route 13 and U.S. Route 30.

Route description

Girard Avenue begins in West Philadelphia at 67th Street, runs east through the Carroll Park neighborhood and the Centennial District, crosses the Schuylkill River via the Girard Avenue Bridge, and continues through East Fairmount Park and across North Philadelphia to Frankford Avenue in the Fishtown neighborhood. At Frankford Avenue it makes a 135-degree turn to the north and becomes East Girard Avenue, running parallel to the Delaware River until it ends at Richmond Street.

• East–west section: 6.8 miles (10.94 km).
• Northeast–southwest section: 1 mile (1.61 km).

As of 2023, most of Girard Avenue (from Fishtown to Lancaster Avenue) is part of Philadelphia's High Injury Network, the small fraction of city streets on which the majority of traffic deaths and serious injuries occur.^[2]

History

Girard Avenue was named for banker Stephen Girard (1750–1831) who, at his death, was the richest man in the United States^[3] – who directed that his fortune be used to found a trade school for orphaned boys.

The first Girard Avenue was a 3-block street in North Philadelphia, between the 1800-block of Ridge Avenue and Corinthian Avenue, approaching the under-construction Girard College (confirmed by 1845). By 1852, the avenue had been extended west to 33rd Street; and in 1855, the timber-arched Girard Avenue Bridge carried it over the Schuylkill River and into West Philadelphia.

In 1858, the name Girard Avenue was adopted for the existing Franklin Street, which ran east–west between 6th Street and Frankford Avenue, including the existing Prince Street, that ran northeast-southwest between Frankford Avenue and Norris Street. The 12-block gap between 6th and 18th Streets was filled in before the Civil War.^[4] The West Philadelphia section of the avenue was extended to 64th Street in 1868; and to 67th Street in 1936.^[5]

In 1844, the area surrounding 2nd Street and Franklin Street (later Girard Avenue) was the site of several days of

neighborhood of Kensington, provoking violence from its residents. Nativists responded by vandalizing houses and businesses owned by Catholics. Residents defended themselves with guns. Following several deaths, the Pennsylvania militia took control, but nativists returned in even larger numbers. The rioting reached its peak on May 8, when St. Michael's Church and its rectory, a Catholic school, and dozens of houses and businesses were burned.

As the state militia struggled to regain control in Kensington, another nativist mob burned St. Augustine's Church in the Old City neighborhood of Philadelphia.^[6] In all, more than 14 people were killed, an estimated 50 were injured, and more than 200 were forced to flee their homes. The Kensington riots may have been more anti-Irish than anti-Catholic — the nativists did not attack the German Catholic church under construction at 5th Street and present-day Girard Avenue.^[7]

Landmarks

North Philadelphia

The major landmark of Girard Avenue in North Philadelphia is Girard College, a boarding school for underprivileged children. The avenue merges with South College Avenue between 19th and 25th Streets to bypass the school's 43 acre (17 ha) campus. Girard Avenue Historic District – located between the school and Broad Street – features architecturally significant residential and religious buildings. Girard Avenue West Historic District – located between the school and 29th Street – features architecturally significant commercial and residential buildings. Brewerytown Historic District – located between 30th Street and East Fairmount Park – features architecturally significant residential and industrial buildings.

Girard Avenue east of Broad Street was a major shopping and entertainment district for lower North Philadelphia. Most of the late-19th and early-20th century theaters have been demolished, and surviving ones have been converted to other uses.

St. Peter the Apostle Church, at 5th Street, houses the

Medical facilities include the Girard Medical Center, at 8th Street and the Philadelphia Nursing Home, at 21st Street, is built on the former site of the Mary J. Drexel Home.

at that location. It incorporates some of the decorative ironwork from the second bridge (1874).

West Philadelphia

Landmarks of Girard Avenue in

1876 Centennial Exposition, now home to the Please Touch Museum

, near 42nd Street; and Old Cathedral Cemetery, at 48th Street.

The Stephen Smith Home for the Aged, at 44th Street, a nursing home built by

Quakers in 1871 to provide care for infirmed African Americans (including Civil War veterans), was demolished in 2009.^[12]

Fishtown

The Kensington National Bank (1877, Frank Furness, architect), at Frankford Avenue, is still in use as a bank. The Green Tree Tavern (1845, Joseph Singerly, architect), at Marlborough Street, is on the National Register of Historic Places. The First Presbyterian Church of Kensington (1857, Samuel Sloan, architect), at Columbia Avenue, survives, although its tall steeple has been removed.

Transportation

The Girard Avenue Trolley (SEPTA Route 15) follows a circuit from West Philadelphia to Kensington. A trolley begins the route at the Haddington Loop at 63rd Street, runs on the eastbound tracks along Girard Avenue, crosses the Girard Avenue Bridge, continues across North Philadelphia to Frankford Avenue, makes a 45-degree turn onto East Girard Avenue, follows that for a mile (East Girard Avenue ends), and completes the route along Richmond Street. At Westmoreland Street, the trolley makes a 180-degree turn around the Richmond-Westmoreland Streets Loop, and begins a return on the westbound tracks.

In 1901, the Girard Avenue trolley had approximately eight million passengers.

Girard Subway Station, part of the Broad Street Line

, is located beneath the intersection of Broad Street and Girard Avenue.

Girard El Station, part of an elevated section of the Market–Frankford Line, is located above the intersection of Front Street and Girard Avenue.^[13]

U.S. Route 13 runs northward along 34th Street by the Philadelphia Zoo, where it merges with Girard Avenue and crosses the Schuylkill River via the Girard Avenue Bridge, and then splits to continue northward along 33rd Street.

The proposed Girard Avenue Expressway – a below-grade superhighway that would have connected

Interstate 76 (Schuylkill Expressway) and continued through West Philadelphia to the city line – was abandoned in 1977 following public opposition.^{[citation needed}

]

Gallery

• 
  Kensington National Bank, built in 1877 and designed by Frank Furness, at the southwest corner of Frankford and Girard Avenues]]
• 
  St. Peter the Apostle Church, built in 1847 and designed by

  Napoleon Le Brun

  , and located at the southeast corner of 5th Street and Girard Avenue
• 
  P.A.B. Widener Mansion (1887, demolished 1980), NW corner Broad Street & Girard Avenue, Willis G. Hale

  , architect.
• 
  Green Hill Presbyterian Church (1848, demolished 2009), 1617 Girard Avenue, John Notman, architect. Elevation: HABS
• 
  Church of the Gesu (1888), NE corner 18th Street & Girard Avenue,

  Saint Joseph's Preparatory School

  .
• 
  Northwestern National Bank (1886), SW corner Ridge & Girard Avenues, Otto C. Wolf, architect. Part of Girard Avenue Historic District. Photo: HABS
• 
  Mary J. Drexel Home (1887, demolished), Girard & Corinthian Avenues. Now site of the Philadelphia Nursing Home.
• 
  John Decker & Son Building (1891), 2702-04 Girard Avenue. Part of Girard Avenue West Historic District.
• 
  "Hatfield House" (1760, 1838), 33rd Street & Girard Avenue, East Fairmount Park.
• 
  Second Girard Avenue Bridge, in an 1874 lithograph.
• 
  Philadelphia Zoo Gatehouses (1876), 34th Street & Girard Avenue, Frank Furness, architect.
• 
  Letitia Street House (1715, relocated 1883), Letitia Walk & Girard Avenue, West Fairmount Park.
• 
  Smith Memorial Arch (1912), near 41st Street & Girard Avenue, West Fairmount Park, James H. Windrim, architect.
• 
  Rudolph Blankenburg School (1925), 46th Street & Girard Avenue, Irwin T. Catharine, architect.
• 
  Girard Avenue Trolley route (1911).

See also

• List of richest Americans in history
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Northeast Philadelphia
• National Register of Historic Places listings in North Philadelphia
• National Register of Historic Places listings in West Philadelphia

References

1. ^ Google (July 14, 2018). "Girard Avenue" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 14, 2018.
2. ^ "Story Map Series". phl.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
3. ^ "15 richest American who have ever lived," from My First Class Life.
4. ^ Hexamer & Locher Atlas of Philadelphia (1857-60), from Bryn Mawr College.
5. ^ Robert I. Alotta, Mermaids, Monasteries, Cherokees and Custer – The Stories behind Philadelphia Street Names, (Chicago: Bonus Books, Inc., 1990), pp. 99-100.
6. ^ J. Thomas Sharf & Thompson Westcott, History of Philadelphia, volume 1 (Philadelphia: H. Everts & Company, 1884), (pp. 664-67.
7. ISBN 0-87722-227-4
   .
8. ^ St. Peter the Apostle Church, from Philly Church Project.
9. ^ Foley, O.F.M., Leonard. "St. John Neumann", Saint of the Day, Lives, Lessons, and Feast, (revised by Pat McCloskey), Franciscan Media
10. ^ Preservation Matters, Winter 2010, (PDF) from Preservation Alliance of Greater Philadelphia.
11. ^ "Letitia Street House relocated," Kenneth Finkel, Philadelphia Then and Now, (Courier Corporation, 1988), pp. 106-07.
12. ^ "Historic Stephen Smith site poised for demolition," Weekly Press, October 14, 2009.
13. ^ Girard El Station, from Google maps.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Girard Avenue (Philadelphia).

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