Renault Alpine A442
Debut | 1975 Mugello 1000 km | ||||
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The Renault Alpine A442 (also known as the Alpine Renault A442
Design
Alpine had been working with increasingly close ties to Renault since 1971, and by the beginning of the A442 project in 1975 the two companies were almost completely merged. Renault finally bought Alpine outright in early 1976, Renault inheriting Alpine's sports prototype program. The A442 was a direct evolution of the successful Alpine A440 and title-winning A441 models. However, unlike the previous cars, the A442's 2.0L Renault-Gordini powerplant boasted a large Garrett turbocharger, pushing power output to 490 bhp (365 kW). Over the next three years this would increase to well over 500 bhp (370 kW), with the A443's 2.2L unit developing 520 bhp (388 kW).
In common with the earlier cars, the engine was suspended inside a relatively small steel
By 1978, Gérard Larrousse had moved up from works driver to manage the Renault Sport team. He laid out the team's priorities: win at Le Mans, then focus all attention on repeating the success in Formula One. Renault ploughed a huge budget into developing the A442 into a Le Mans winner. Many hours were spent in testing, particularly using long airport runways to simulate the mechanical and aerodynamic stresses induced on the long, fast Mulsanne Straight. In addition, Renault's engine department went to work on squeezing as much power out of the five-year-old powerplant as was possible. Capacity was upped to 2138 cc, just short of the theoretical 2142 cc limit for turbocharged cars, and this revamped engine was installed into the new, lengthened chassis, becoming the A443.
In full qualifying trim, with the bubble roof, the A443 achieved a top speed of 236 mph (380 km/h)[2] on the Mulsanne Straight, making it the fastest car ever produced by Renault, a record which still stands today and includes all of Renault's F1 entries.
Race history
The A442 made its competition debut in March 1975, at the Mugello 1000 km, with Jabouille and Larrousse, although other sources report the car to be an A441 with the new turbo engine.[3] Despite the relatively underdeveloped turbo addition to the Renault engine, the car lasted long enough for the team to take a surprise win in its very first race. In the 1976 Nürburgring 300 km two Renaults qualified in the front row,[4] only to crash out in the second corner. Subsequent repeated mechanical failures meant that going into the 1976 24 Hours of Le Mans the team had failed to win another race.[4] That run of form was not to change, and the single car entered dropped out with engine failure before half of the 24 hours had elapsed.
For the Renault management, success at Le Mans was a huge prestige issue. For the
At the 1978 24 Hours of Le Mans, their huge development program paid off. Once again, the works team entered three cars: an old A442, renamed A442A; the bubble-canopied A442B; and the A443. A second A442A was entered by Ecurie Calberson. The work carried out since the 1977 race meant that, for once, Renault was on a par with the dominant Porsche 936 turbo cars, which had been improved, and the two manufacturers shared the first four rows of the grid equally. The Porsche 935/78 Moby Dick, which due to its aerodynamic layout and 800 horsepower achieved over 360 km/h on the straight, qualified third, behind the new 936 and the A443.
From the start, the A443 was the class of the field, lapping in under 3 minutes 40 seconds,[5] while the Porsches had planned to do only 3:40 to 3:50. Jabouille took fastest lap at 3:34, which was six seconds slower than in qualifying, before the A443's engine finally broke in the 18th hour. This was the second Renault retirement, after the Bell/Jarier A442A works car had suffered transmission failure at the half-way point. However, Pironi and Jaussaud in the A442B were well placed to inherit the lead. Two 936s had technical problems, the third crashed at 11 am. The pairing held on to the lead for the final few hours, finishing four laps ahead of the second-placed Porsche. The privateer A442A also finished well, taking fourth place behind the two remaining 936s. After the final flag Pironi was too exhausted to climb up to the podium, where Jaussaud took the trophy alone.
Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results
Results in bold indicate pole position. Results in italics indicate fastest lap.
Year | Entrant | Car | Class | Drivers | No. | Laps | Pos. | Class Pos. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1976 | Renault Sport | Renault Alpine A442 | Gp. 6 3. | Didier Pironi | 19 | 135 | DNF | DNF |
Guy Fréquelin | ||||||||
René Arnoux | ||||||||
1977 | Équipe Renault Elf | Gr. 6 S 3.0 | Patrick Tambay | 7 | 158 | DNF | DNF | |
Jean-Pierre Jaussaud | ||||||||
Patrick Depailler | 8 | 289 | DNF | DNF | ||||
Jacques Laffite | ||||||||
Jean-Pierre Jabouille | 9 | 257 | DNF | DNF | ||||
Derek Bell | ||||||||
J. Haran / H. de Chaunac
(private entrant) |
Didier Pironi | 16 | 0 | DNF | DNF | |||
René Arnoux | ||||||||
Guy Fréquelin | ||||||||
1978 | Renault Sport | Renault Alpine A442B | S +2.0 | Didier Pironi | 2 | 369 | 1st | 1st |
Jean-Pierre Jaussaud | ||||||||
Renault Alpine A442A | Derek Bell | 3 | 162 | DNF | DNF | |||
Jean-Pierre Jarier | ||||||||
Equipe Renault Elf Sport Calberson | Guy Fréquelin | 4 | 358 | 4th | 4th | |||
Jean Ragnotti | ||||||||
José Dolhem | ||||||||
Jean-Pierre Jabouille |
References
- Citations
- ^ Program, Nurburgring, 4 April 1976, www.racingsportscars.com Retrieved 16 March 2021
- ^ "10 Things You Didn't Know About Renault". FastCar.co.uk. Kelsey Media Ltd. 30 July 2012. Retrieved 25 January 2018.
- ^ "1975 Mugello 1000km". www.racingsportscars.com. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
- ^ a b "Renault Alpine A442 statistics". www.racingsportscars.com. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
- ^ Lothar Boschen, Jürgen Barth: Das Große Buch der Porsche Typen, Motorbuch Verlag, 1983
- Other sources
- "La Renault Alpine A442". Passionnemans (French). Retrieved 2007-02-17.
- "Renault-Alpine A442B". www.Ultimatecarpage.com. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
- "Renault-Alpine A443". www.Ultimatecarpage.com. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
- "Renault Alpine A443". Renault Sport. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
External links
Media related to Renault Alpine A442 at Wikimedia Commons
Media related to Renault Alpine A443 at Wikimedia Commons