Rover K-series engine
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Rover K-series | ||
---|---|---|
Cooling system Water-cooled | | |
Output | ||
Power output | 60–192 PS (44–141 kW; 59–189 hp) | |
Torque output | 124–128 lb⋅ft (168–174 N⋅m) | |
Chronology | ||
Predecessor | ||
Successor | SAIC Kavachi engine |
The Rover K-series engine is a series of
Design history
The K series was introduced in 1988 by
The engine was introduced initially in 1.1-litre
The four-cylinder engines were held together as a sandwich of components by long through-bolts which held the engine under compression, though this construction is not unknown, and was used in early lightweight fighter engines from the First World War. It had also been used in motorcycle engines and Triumph's "Sabrina" Le Mans race engine.[2][3]
The two types of head that were bolted to the common four-cylinder block were designated K8 (8 valves) and K16 (16 valves). A later head design also incorporated a Rover-designed Variable Valve Control (VVC) unit (derived from an expired AP patent). This allowed more power to be developed without compromising low-speed torque and flexibility. The VVC system constantly alters the inlet cam period, resulting in a remarkably flexible drive: the torque curve of a VVC K-series engine is virtually flat throughout the rev range and power climbs steadily with no fall-off whatsoever until the rev limiter kicks in at 7,200 rpm.[citation needed]
Following the collapse of
The Chinese automaker Nanjing Automobile (NAC) purchased the assets of MG Rover and in doing so acquired use of the Longbridge plant and the intellectual property rights and production tooling to many designs, including those of the K series engine.[citation needed]
With the help of Lotus Engineering, NAC went on to produce the N Series an improved version of the K Series with redesigned headgasket and oil rail built on the original tooling.[citation needed]
This engine featured in the relaunched MG TF in the UK and the MG3 SW and MG7 in China. Contrary to popular belief, the N Series was never fitted to the
When the MG TF ceased production for the final time in 2011, so did the N Series.[citation needed]
The second development was by the larger Chinese conglomerate SAIC Motor. SAIC had also previously purchased the rights and blueprints to several of MG Rovers designs. Whilst they had the necessary knowhow they didn't have any tooling so had to essentially reverse engineer their version of the engine.[citation needed]
The advantage of this was it allowed Ricardo 2010, the company tasked by SAIC to carry out development the opportunity to improve the engine in a number of areas.[citation needed]
The main areas of improvement included the head being redesigned to improve the waterways and structural rigidity and the block was also strengthened.[citation needed]
All new tooling was used in its production and the quality of materials and that of the aluminium casting process created a much more substantial update than that of the N Series.[citation needed]
This new engine would go on to power the Roewe 750, the Roewe 550 and later after the two firms NAC and SAIC merged, The
Engine management
K8 engine
Early K8 engines used a single SU KIF
K16
K16 models used
Model range
1100
All 1100 engines displace 1.1 L; 67.9 cu in (1,113 cc) with bore X stroke of 75 mm × 63 mm. Four variations were created:
- SOHC K8 8-valve, Carburettor, 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp)
- SOHC K8 8-valve, SPI, 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp)
- SOHC K8 8-valve, MPI, 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp)
- DOHC K16 16-valve, MPI, 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp)
Cars that came with the 1100:
- Rover Metro
- Rover 100
- Rover 200
- Rover 25
1400
Engine Codes: 14K2F (8V), 14K4F (16V), 14K16 (16V)?
All 1400 engines displace 1.4 L; 85.2 cu in (1,396 cc) with bore X stroke of 75 mm × 79 mm (2.95 in × 3.11 in) and have DOHC, 16 valves and MPI. Six variations were created:
- SOHC K8 8-valve, Carburettor, 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp)
- SOHC K8 8-valve, SPI, 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp)
- SOHC K8 8-valve, MPI, 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp)
- DOHC K16 16-valve, SPI, 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp)
- DOHC K16 16-valve, MPI, 83 PS (61 kW; 82 hp)
- DOHC K16 16-valve, MPI, 103 PS (76 kW; 102 hp)
The K16 82 hp (61 kW; 83 PS) variant is exactly the same as the 103 PS (76 kW; 102 hp) version, apart from a restrictive throttle body designed to lower the car's insurance group. This can be converted to the 103 hp (77 kW) model by changing to the unrestricted throttle body of a 103 engine. The 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) Spi features single-point fuel injection rather than the multi-point of the later engine.
Cars that came with the 1400:
- Rover Metro
- Rover 100
- Rover 200
- Rover 25
- Rover 400
- Rover 45
- Rover Streetwise
- MG ZR
- MG ZS – Ireland and Portugal only
- Caterham Seven
- GTM Libra
- GTM K3
- FSO Polonez Caro/Atu
- Reliant Scimitar Sabre
1600
Engine Code: 16K4F
All 1600 engines displace 1.6 L; 96.9 cu in (1,588 cc) with bore X stroke of 80 mm × 79 mm (3.15 in × 3.11 in) and have DOHC, 16 valves and MPI. Two variations were created:
- 109 PS (80 kW; 108 hp)
- 111 PS (82 kW; 109 hp)
Cars that came with the 1600:
- Rover 200
- Rover 25
- Rover Streetwise
- Rover 400
- Rover 45
- MG ZS
- MG F
- MG TF
- Caterham Seven
- Caterham 21
1800
Engine Codes: 18K4F (16V non-VVC), 18K4K (VVC variants)
The 1.8 engine is the largest the engine displaces. All 1800 engines displace 1.8 L; 109.6 cu in (1,796 cc) with bore X stroke of 80 mm × 89.3 mm (3.15 in × 3.52 in)
.Non-VVC (18K4F):
Naturally Aspirated:
The base engine makes 118 bhp (120 PS; 88 kW) @ 5600 rpm and 124 lb⋅ft (168 N⋅m) @ 3500 rpm of torque or in slightly tuned at 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) @ 6750 rpm/ 165 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft) @ 3000 rpm in the MG TF
Years | Model |
---|---|
1995-99 | Rover 200
|
1999-05 | Rover 25
|
1999-05 | Rover 45
|
1998-05 | Rover 75 |
2003–05 | Rover Streetwise |
2001-05 | MG ZR |
2001-05 | MG ZS |
2001-05 | MG ZT |
1995–05 | MG F |
1997–06 | Land Rover Freelander |
1996-05 | Caterham Seven
|
1996–99 | Caterham 21 |
Turbocharged:
The 1.8 Turbo was developed to replace the 2.0
VVC (18K4K):
The VVC engine came in three variant:
- The early VVC produced 143 hp (107 kW; 145 PS) @ 7000 rpm / 174 N⋅m (128 lb⋅ft) @4500 rpm
Years | Model |
---|---|
1995-99 | Rover 200
|
1995-99 | Rover 200 Coupe
|
1999-05 | Rover 25
|
1995–05 | MG F / MG TF |
1996-05 | Caterham Seven
|
1996–99 | Caterham 21 |
- Rover later tuned the VVC to produce 158 hp (118 kW; 160 PS) @ 7000 rpm / 174 N⋅m (128 lb⋅ft) @4700 rpm
Years | Model |
---|---|
2001-05 | MG ZR |
2001-05 | MG ZS |
2001-05 | MG ZT |
1995–05 | MG F / MG TF |
1996-05 | Caterham Seven
|
1996–99 | Caterham 21 |
- VHPD – Very-high-performance derivative, 177 or 192 PS (130 or 141 kW; 175 or 189 hp) (Lotus version) (Uses VVC unique cylinder head casting (similar to VVC casting), has big valves, but with fixed cam timing – No development input was requested from Rover).
Years | Model |
---|---|
1996-06 | Lotus Elise |
2000-04 | Lotus Exige |
2000 | Lotus 340R |
1996-05 | Caterham Seven
|
1996–99 | Caterham 21 |
Kavachi engine
The SAIC Kavachi engine is an extensively improved version of the Rover K series, using a different turbo and gearbox, improved head gasket and strengthened block. UK engineering firm Ricardo plc, expert in race engine designs, was commissioned to not only redesign the engine but also the manufacturing process to produce what is now a very reliable engine. It is only available in 1.8 L; 109.6 cu in (1,796 cc) version.
References
- ISBN 0-7475-2695-8.
- ISBN 978-1613253397.
- ^ May, Dennis (June 1961). "Triumph's Twin-Cam!". Car and Driver. pp. 59–61, 64.
External links
- Austin Memories – History of Austin and Longbridge
- K-Series engine history – The full history of this engine
Further reading
- Engine Overhaul Manual. Rover K Series. MG Rover Group.
- Hammill, Des (2008). The Rover K-series 16V Engine. 1989-2005. CP Press. ISBN 978-1-84155-688-8.