SS Barøy (1929)

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For other ships with the same name, see SS Barøy.

Barøy (front) in Lødingen, 1930
History
Norway
NameBarøy
OwnerOfotens Dampskibsselskab[2]
Port of registryNarvik[2]
Route
BuilderTrondhjems mekaniske Værksted[2]
Yard number195[4]
Completed19 August 1929[3]
Identification
FateSunk by British aircraft 13 September 1941[2][3]
General characteristics
TypePassenger/cargo ship
Tonnage424 GRT[3]
Length143 ft (43.59 m)[3]
Beam7.3 ft (2.23 m)[4]
Propulsion450
triple expansion steam engine[3]
Speed11 knots (20 km/h) at ordinary speed[3]
Capacity200 passengers[3]
Crew26[2]

SS Barøy was a 424-ton steel-hulled steamship delivered from the

Norwegian Campaign Barøy was put into Hurtigruten
service on the Trondheim–Narvik route. She was sunk with heavy loss of life in a British air attack in the early hours of 13 September 1941.

Building and commissioning

Barøy was delivered by Trondhjems mekaniske Værksted to Ofotens Dampskibsselskab on 19 August 1929. She was a typical North-Norwegian local transport, with an open

weather deck and configured with two cargo holds, a First Class passenger section in the aft and a Third Class area in the bow. The First Class accommodation included 45 bunks, and the ship was certified to carry a total of 200 passengers.[3]

Pre-war years

Most of Barøy's pre-war service was on the Narvik–Lødingen–Svolvær route for which she had been built, although she also acted as a reserve vessel for the Narvik–Trondheim express route.[3]

Second World War

The outbreak of the

Bergen, which was cut from seven to five a week. The restrictions followed a massive increase in shipping along the Norwegian coast in the autumn of 1939 as supplies were transported to ports all along the Norwegian coast in preparation for war. After massive protests from the coastal population daily departures were reintroduced on 5 December 1939.[5]

In April 1940 many Hurtigruten ships were being refurbished before the summer season and reserve vessels were sailing the route. One of the reserve ships on the Hurtigruten service was Barøy, standing in for the 873-ton SS Nordnorge, which was undergoing maintenance work at Trondhjems mekaniske Værksted. Barøy had departed Bergen on 2 April, arrived at Trondheim on 4 April and was docked at Hammerfest in the northern county of Finnmark on 9 April 1940.[5]

German occupation

After surviving the

German occupation of Norway,[3] Nordnorge having been sunk by Royal Navy warships during the Norwegian Campaign after she had been pressed into service as a covert troopship by the invading German forces.[7] Barøy was considered too small a vessel for the longer distances, such as the Hurtigruten route between Bergen and Narvik, and her prolonged service on the route was an emergency measure.[3]

Last voyage and sinking

A year and a half after the German invasion Barøy was still sailing the Hurtigruten route as the fifth weekly northbound departure from Trondheim to Narvik. In the early hours of 13 September 1941 she was on her way northwards, and had recently called at

Hamarøy Municipality. On board the ship was a crew of 26, as well as 105 passengers, 37 of whom were German soldiers.[3] The German troops on board were members of the 197th Infantry Division.[8]

At 03:50 on 13 September Barøy was struck by a torpedo some 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) west of

Vestfjorden area that morning. The Albacore crews also claimed to have sunk another vessel, of around 2,000 tons, in the same attack.[8] The Fleet Air Arm aircraft came from the fleet carrier HMS Victorious, which was part of Force M which had escorted the old carrier HMS Argus, carrying 24 Hawker Hurricane fighters to the Soviet Union.[12] On their way back to the UK the Albacores on board Victorious were assigned anti-shipping and bombing missions on the Norwegian coast and 12 aircraft took off at 03:00 and flew east, navigating by moonlight. Seven of the Albacores belonged to 817 Squadron and carried torpedoes, the remaining five were 832 Squadron aircraft with bombs. While the 817 Squadron aircraft sank Barøy, the 832 Squadron bombed the hydroelectric power station in Glomfjord, the aluminium plant Nordag in Haugvik and the radio station at Røst. Two Norwegian civilians died at Glomfjord and one at Røst. No British aircraft were lost during the operation.[8] At the time of the attack Barøy had been sailing with full lighting due to work being carried out on the deck cargo.[11] The wreck of the ship rests at depth of around 300 metres (980 ft).[9]

The first ship to discover the sinking of Barøy was the 762-ton Norwegian cargo ship SS Skjerstad,[13] which passed the scene of the sinking on her way southwards and rescued 19 survivors, as well as recovering 15 bodies.[2][3] The survivors of the sinking were set ashore at Svolvær.[10] Seventy-seven Norwegians died in the attack, including seven children and 21 women.[8] Fifty-nine of the 68 Norwegian passengers were lost, while 18 of the 26 crew members died.[14] Of the 37 German soldiers only two survived.[8]

Haakon VII
to the sinking of civilian Norwegian ships

Reactions to the attack

One of the consequences of the sinking of Barøy, together with the sinking of fellow Hurtigruten ship

Rolvsøy in Finnmark later the same day, was that the Hurtigruten ships would no longer sail further north than Tromsø. Between Tromsø and Hammerfest the route was taken over by smaller replacement ships.[15]

The Nazi regime in Norway used the attack on Barøy, together with other attacks on civilian Norwegian shipping, in propaganda against the Allies. On 20 May 1944 the Nazi-controlled

Norwegian Postal Service issued a series of postage stamps commemorating three of the most infamous cases of Norwegian ships sunk by Allied attacks. Barøy was the subject of the 10 øre stamp, while SS Sanct Svithun and SS Irma were depicted on the 15 øre and 20 øre stamps respectively. The shipwreck stamps were designed by German-born Norwegian Nazi propaganda artist and war reporter Harald Damsleth.[16]

References

  1. ^ Register of Ships (1931–32 ed.). "Scan of page 'Bar'" (pdf). Plimsoll Ship Data. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Lawson, Siri Holm. "D/S Barøy". Warsailors.com. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Bakka 1993: 70
  4. ^ a b "Baroy (5606918)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
  5. ^ a b Bakka 1993: 65
  6. ^ Friberg 1991:
  7. ^ Bakka 1993: 61
  8. ^ a b c d e Hafsten 2005: 147
  9. ^ a b Skovheim, Nils (29 June 2007). "Barøy" (in Norwegian and English). Retrieved 4 July 2009.
  10. ^ a b Krogstad, Peter (21 December 2007). "På havets bunn står skutene..." (PDF). Bladet Vesterålen (in Norwegian): 57–58. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
  11. ^ a b "Barøy". Sjømennenes minnehall i Stavern (in Norwegian). Retrieved 4 June 2012.
  12. ^ Hafsten 2005: 146
  13. ^ Lawson, Siri Holm. "D/S Skjerstad". Warsailors.com. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
  14. ^ Voksø 1994: 167
  15. Norsk krigsleksikon 1940-1945
     (in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. p. 184. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
  16. ^ Engdal 2006: 200
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Bibliography

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