Sanzinia madagascariensis

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Sanzinia madagascariensis

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
CITES Appendix I (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Boidae
Genus: Sanzinia
Species:
S. madagascariensis
Binomial name
Sanzinia madagascariensis
(
Bibron
, 1844)
Synonyms
  • Xiphosoma madagascariense A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844
  • Sanzinia madagascariensis
    — Gray, 1849
  • Corallus madagascariensis
    — Boulenger, 1893
  • Boa mandrita Kluge, 1991 (replacement name)[3]
  • Sanzinia madagascariensis
    — Glaw & Vences, 1994
  • Boa mandrita
    — McDiarmid, Campbell & Touré, 1999
  • Sanzinia madagascariensis
    — Andreone et al., 2000
  • Sanzinia madagascariensis
    — Vences et al., 2001[4]
Peyrieras Reptile Reserve, Madagascar

Sanzinia madagascariensis, also known as the Madagascar tree boa or Malagasy tree boa,

endemic to the island of Madagascar. It was once considered conspecific with the Nosy Komba ground boa
(Sanzinia volontany). Like all other boas, it is non-venomous.

Description

labial scales.[5]
Females are larger than males.

It is greenish in colour and is found on the eastern side of Madagascar.[6]

Distribution and habitat

type locality given is "Madagascar".[3] Favors trees and shrubs near streams, rivers, ponds and swamps.[5]

Conservation status

This species was classified as Vulnerable (VU) on the

Red List of Threatened Species in 2006[1] with the following criteria: A1cd (v2.3, 1994). This means that a population reduction of at least 20% has been observed, estimated, inferred or suspected over the last 10 years or three generations, whichever is the longer, based on a decline in area of occupancy, extent of occurrence and/or quality of habitat, and based on actual or potential levels of exploitation.[7]
It is now listed as
Least Concern (LC) as it is widespread, present in heavily degraded habitats and it is not subject to any known or suspected threats.[1]

Also listed as

CITES Appendix I, which means that it is threatened with extinction and CITES prohibits international trade except when the purpose of the import is not commercial, for example for scientific research.[8]

Feeding

nocturnal, S. madagascariensis feeds on mammals and birds. Its thermoreceptive pits help it to locate its prey. It will also leave the trees to actively hunt for small mammals on the ground.[5]

Reproduction

Ovoviviparous, females give birth to up to 12 young at a time, each about 15 inches (38 cm) in length.[5]

When females become

gravid, their skin color darkens. This adaptation provides increased heat absorption for the developing young. After giving birth, the color returns to normal as soon as the female next sheds her skin. Neonates are a bright red that may warn predators to "stay away", while simultaneously providing camouflage
among brightly colored treetop flowers.

Taxonomy

When Kluge (1991) moved Sanzinia madagascariensis (A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844) to Boa together with Acrantophis madagascariensis (A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844), it resulted in homonymy. To fix this nomenclatural problem, he proposed the specific name manditra as a replacement for S. madagascariensis.[3]

It has since been shown that the Madagascar boids and the ones of the genus

monophyletic group,[9][10][11]
so that the lumping of Sanzinia, Acrantophis and Boa was incorrect, and the name Sanzinia madagascariensis is therefore the correct name for this species.

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T19900A9109451.en
    . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. ^
    ISBN 1-893777-01-4
    (volume).
  4. ^ Sanzinia at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 17 February 2014.
  5. ^
    ISBN 0-8069-6460-X
    .
  6. ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7
    .
  7. ^ 1994 Categories & Criteria (version 2.3) at the IUCN Red List. Accessed 10 July 2008.
  8. ^ Sanzinia madagascariensis Archived 2009-08-14 at the Wayback Machine at CITES and United Nations Environment Programme / World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Accessed 10 July 2008.
  9. S2CID 44076660
    .
  10. PMID 16624591
    .
  11. PMID 24315866
    .

Further reading

  • Boulenger GA. 1893. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume I., Containing the Families ..., Boidæ, ... London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiii + 448 pp. + Plates I-XXVIII. (Corallus madagascariensis, 103–104).
  • Bibron G
    . 1844. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire naturelle complète des Reptiles, Tome sixième. Paris: Roret. xii + 609 pp. (Xiphosoma madagascariense, pp. 549–552).
  • Gray JE. 1849. Catalogue of the Specimens of Snakes in the British Museum. London: Trustees of the British Museum. (Edward Newman, printer). xv + 125 pp. (Sanzinia madagascariensis, p. 99).
  • Kluge AG. 1991. Boine Snake Phylogeny and Research Cycles. Misc. Pub. Museum of Zoology, Univ. of Michigan No. 178. 58 pp. PDF at University of Michigan Library. Accessed 11 July 2008.
  • Vences M, Glaw F. 2003. Phylogeography, systematics and conservation status of boid snakes from Madagascar (Sanzinia and Acrantophis). Salamandra, Reinbach, 39(3/4): p. 181-206. PDF at Miguel Vences. Accessed 29 August 2008.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sanzinia manditra.
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