Season of the Emergence

Season of Emergence^[1]^[a]
(Prt)
in hieroglyphs

The Season of the Emergence (

Ꜣḫt) and before the Season of the Harvest (Šmw).^[1] In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Tobi (about 9 January), continues through the months of Meshir and Paremhat, before concluding at the end of Parmouti (about 8 May).^[3]^[4]^[5]

^: 453

Names

The pronunciation of the Ancient Egyptian name for the Season of the Emergence is uncertain as the hieroglyphs do not record its vowels. It is conventionally transliterated Peret^[6]^[2] or Proyet.^{[citation needed]} The name refers to the emergence of the fertile land beside the Nile from its annual flood and to the growth of vegetation and crops over the following season.

It is also known as Winter.^[2]

Lunar calendar

In the lunar calendar, the

Sirius in the fourth month of the Season of the Harvest. This meant that the Season of the Emergence usually lasted from January to May.^[7]

Because the precise timing of the flood varied, the months of "Emergence" no longer precisely reflected the state of the river but the season was usually the time for the planting and growth of Egyptian grain.

Civil calendar

In the civil calendar, the lack of leap years into the

solar year or Gregorian calendar

.

Months

The Season of the Emergence was divided into four months. In the lunar calendar, each began on a dawn when the waning crescent moon was no longer visible. In the civil calendar, each consisted of exactly 30 days

decans

.

In ancient Egypt, these months were usually recorded by their number within the season: I, II, III, and IV Prt. They were also known by the names of their principal festivals, which came to be increasingly used after the

Persian occupation. These then became the basis for the names of the months of the Coptic calendar

.

Egyptian		Coptic
Transliteration	Meaning	Coptic
I Prt Sf Bdt	First Month of Emergence	Tobi
II Prt Mḫr	Second Month of Emergence	Meshir
III Prt Rh Nds	Third Month of Emergence	Paremhat
IV Prt Rnwt	Fourth Month of Emergence	Paremoude

Notes

^ Alternative representations of the Season of Emergence include

,

,

,

and

^[2] and

and

.^{[citation needed]}

References

^
ISBN 9780871692146
.

^ ^a ^b ^c Vygus, Mark (2015), Middle Egyptian Dictionary (PDF).
^ Clagett (1995), p. 14–15.
ISBN 978-0-473-29338-3
, retrieved 26 September 2023

^ Winlock, Herbert Eustis (1940), "The Origin of the Ancient Egyptian Calendar", Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, No. 83, New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, pp. 447–464

^ Strudwick, Nigel C. (2005), Texts from the Pyramid Age, p. 103.

^ Silverman, David P. (1997), Ancient Egypt, London: Duncan Baird Publishers, p. 93.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
, pp. 103–106.

Preceded by
Season of the Inundation
Ꜣḫt
Egyptian Seasons
Season of the Emergence
Prt
days: 120 days Succeeded by
Season of the Harvest
Šmw

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Season_of_the_Emergence&oldid=1177195771"

[3] Alternative representations of the Season of Emergence include

,

,

,

and

^[2] and

and

.^{[citation needed]}

[beverlyhillbilly-1] 
ISBN 9780871692146
.

[vygus-2] Vygus, Mark (2015), Middle Egyptian Dictionary (PDF).

[FOOTNOTEClagett1995[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidxKKPUpDOTKACpgPA4_14–15]-4] Clagett (1995), p. 14–15.

[teatime-5] ISBN 978-0-473-29338-3
, retrieved 26 September 2023

[6] Winlock, Herbert Eustis (1940), "The Origin of the Ancient Egyptian Calendar", Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, No. 83, New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, pp. 447–464

[7] Strudwick, Nigel C. (2005), Texts from the Pyramid Age, p. 103.

[8] Silverman, David P. (1997), Ancient Egypt, London: Duncan Baird Publishers, p. 93.

[9] Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
, pp. 103–106.

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