Sefid-Rud
Sefid-Rud Sepid-Rud, Ghezel Owzan, Qizil Owzan, Qizil Ozen | |
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Alborz Mountains | |
Shahrood |
The Sefid-Rud (Persian: سفیدرود, lit. 'white river', Gilaki: اسپي بيه, Espī bīeh) (also known as Sepid-Rud) is a river, approximately 670 kilometres (416 mi) long, rising in the Alborz mountain range of northwestern Iran and flowing generally northeast to empty into the Caspian Sea at Rasht.
Names
Other names and transcriptions include Sepīd-Rūd, Sefidrud, Sefidrood, Sepidrood, and Sepidrud. Above Manjil, "Long Red River".[1][2]
The river is historically famous for its abundant
Geography
The Sefid-Rud has cut a water gap through the
In the wide valley before the Sefid-Rud enters the Caspian Sea, a number of transportation and irrigation canals have been cut; the two biggest are the Khomam and the Now.[7]
Dam and reservoir
The Sefid-Rud was dammed in 1962 by the
History
The river was known in antiquity as Mardos (
Gallery
Notes
- ^ Fortescue, L. S. (April 1924) "The Western Elburz and Persian Azerbaijan" The Geographical Journal 63(4): pp. 301-315, p.310
- ^ a b Rawlinson, H. C. (1840) "Notes on a Journey from Tabríz, Through Persian Kurdistán, to the Ruins of Takhti-Soleïmán, and from Thence by Zenján and Ṭárom, to Gílán, in October and November, 1838; With a Memoir on the Site of the Atropatenian Ecbatana" Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London 10: pp. 1-64, p. 64
- ^ Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Amardus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
- ^ Charles Rollin (1860). The Ancient History of the Egyptians, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Medes, Persians, Macedonians, the Selucidae in Syria, and Parthians., Volumes 3-4. Cincinnati: J.W. Sewell & Co. p. 30. Retrieved August 23, 2018.
- ^ "Salmo trutta caspius, Kessler, 1870" Caspian Environment Programme
- ^ a b Fortescue, L. S. (April 1924) "The Western Elburz and Persian Azerbaijan" The Geographical Journal 63(4): pp. 301-315, p.303
- ^ Rabino, H. L. (November 1913) "A Journey in Mazanderan (From Resht to Sari)" The Geographical Journal 42(5): pp. 435-454, p. 435
- ^ a b c Beaumont, Peter (1974) "Water Resource Development in Iran" The Geographical Journal 140(3): pp. 418-431, p.428
- ^ Gittinger, J. Price (October 1967) "Planning and Agricultural Policy in Iran: Program Effects and Indirect Effects" Economic Development and Cultural Change 16(1): pp. 107-117, p. 110
- ^ Carey, Jane Perry Clark and Carey, Andrew Galbraith (1976) "Iranian Agriculture and Its Development: 1952-1973" International Journal of Middle East Studies 7(3): pp. 359-382, p. 372
- OCLC 236127104
- ^ Strabo, xi. 13
External links
- "Sefid Rood Watershed" Economic potentials of Kurdistan Province in the fields of Water, Agriculture and Natural Resources Ministry of Interior, Islamic Republic of Iran