Serge Elisséeff
Serge Elisséeff | |
---|---|
Tokyo Imperial University | |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Japanese studies |
Institutions | Petrograd Imperial University École pratique des hautes études La Sorbonne Harvard University |
Doctoral students | Edwin O. Reischauer |
Other notable students | James Robert Hightower |
Chinese name | |
Hanyu Pinyin | Yè Lǐsuī |
Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Yeh Liisuei |
Wade–Giles | Yeh4 Li3-sui1 |
Transcriptions | |
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Romanization | Eiriseifu |
Serge Elisséeff (French pronunciation:
Elisséeff served in 1916 as Privat-Dozent at Petrograd Imperial University (modern
Fluent in eight languages, including
Life and career
Early life
Serge Elisséeff was born "Sergei Grigorievich Eliseyev" (
Due to the great wealth of Elisséeff's family, his parents spared no expense in educating him and his brothers. When Elisséeff was six years old, he began regular lessons in German with his mother's private secretary.[5] His parents also had a custom of only speaking French at their dinner table in order to prevent their butlers and servants from eavesdropping on their conversations, a practice that was augmented by the boys' French private tutor.[5] In 1899, at age 10, Elisséeff began attending Larinsky College, a gymnasium in St. Petersburg, where he received a traditional education in the Latin and Greek Classics.[5] When he was 11, his parents added private English tutoring to his education, so that by his teenage years Elisséeff was already fluent in French, German, English, Latin, and Ancient Greek, in addition to his native Russian.[5]
As a youth, Elisséeff initially desired to pursue a career in oil painting, but was convinced by his
University study
Elisséeff began his university studies at the
In 1908, after one year at Berlin, Elisséeff transferred to Tokyo Imperial University (modern
Notwithstanding his excellent academic performance, Elisséeff was still racially discriminated against as a foreigner. On the official list of 1912 graduates, Elisséeff's name was printed at the very bottom of the paper, separated from the rest of the students by a wide space, which implied that he graduated last in his class when he had actually been one of the top students.[12] When Elisséeff confronted Haga Yaichi (芳賀失一; 1867–1927), the professor responsible for his low placement on the notice, Haga "simply explained to him that it was impossible to list a foreigner higher than any Japanese."[12] Elisséeff had to make a special request to receive an invitation to join the Alumni Society (Bungakushikai 文学士会) – normally automatically extended to all graduates – and his invitations to their meetings were commonly delivered the day after they had taken place, with the explanation that "the presence of a foreigner at these meetings would inhibit the discussion."[13]
In autumn 1912, Elisséeff returned to Tokyo Imperial as its first ever foreign graduate student.
University of St. Petersburg
While a graduate student at Tokyo, Elisséeff met the German economist
Elisséeff was then appointed a privat-dozent in Japanese and an official interpreter for the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He was also elected an assistant professor at the private Institute of Art History, where he gave a course on the history of Chinese art that has been recognized as probably the first Chinese art history course in the West to be based primarily on original Chinese and Japanese texts and sources.
Harvard and later career
Elisséeff spent the years from 1917 to 1920 in St. Petersburg attempting to continue his work, but his family was frequently harassed and searched because of their affluent background, and Elisséeff was constantly pressured to make his teaching conform to Marxist ideology.[18] Several of his relatives starved to death, and Elisséeff's family survived the winters by burning their furniture collections for warmth. In the summer of 1920, Elisséeff and his wife decided to flee Russia. They hid themselves and their two small sons, all malnourished and weakened, under the deck boards of a fishing boat that smuggled them across the Gulf of Finland to freedom in Finland.[19] They stayed in Finland for a month, then moved to Stockholm for several months before, like many other White Russian émigrés, settling in Paris.[19]
From 1921 to 1929, Elisséeff was also the head interpreter at the Japanese Imperial Embassy in Paris, and formally obtained French citizenship in 1931.
In 1932, Elisséeff came to the United States to serve as a lecturer in Japanese and Chinese at
Elisséeff resigned his position of director of the Harvard-Yenching Institute in 1956, then the following year accepted emeritus status from Harvard and returned to Paris to his professorship at the École Pratique des Hautes Études, then later retired. The prominent American Japanologist
Personal life
Elisséeff and his wife, Vera Petrovna (née Eikhe) Elisséeff, were married in Russia on 22 November 1914 and had two sons: Nikita Elisséeff (1 August 1915 –25 November 1997), who became a scholar of the Middle East, and Vadime Elisséeff (4 May 1918 –29 January 2002), a noted historian and expert on East Asian art.
Honors
- Japan Foundation: Japan Foundation Award, 1973.[24]
Selected works
In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Serge Elisséeff, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 100+ works in 100+ publications in 10 languages and 1,500+ library holdings.[25]
- La peinture contemporaine au Japon (1923)
- Neuf nouvelles japonaises (1924)
- Le théatre Japonais (kabuki) (1932), with Alexandre Iacovleff
- Elementary Japanese for university students (1941)
- Elementary Japanese for college students (1944)
- Selected Japanese texts for university students (1944)
- Japan : frühe buddhistische Malereien (1959)
References
Citations
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Elisséeff, Serge" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 174, p. 174, at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today.
- ^ Zurndorfer, Harriet Thelma. (1995). China Bibliography: A Research Guide to Reference Works About China Past and Present, p. 31.
- ^ Baxter (1975), p. 12.
- ^ a b "Serge Elisseeff Chosen to be Harvard Professor," The Harvard Crimson. January 26, 1934.
- ^ a b c d Reischauer (1957), p. 4.
- ^ Reischauer (1957), p. 6.
- ^ a b Reischauer (1957), p. 7.
- ^ a b Reischauer (1957), p. 8.
- ^ Reischauer (1957), pp. 8–11.
- ^ Reischauer (1957), pp. 11–12.
- ^ Reischauer (1957), pp. 14–15.
- ^ a b c Reischauer (1957), p. 15.
- ^ Reischauer (1957), pp. 15–16.
- ^ a b Reischauer (1957), p. 16.
- ^ Baxter (1975), pp. 12–13.
- ^ a b Reischauer (1957), p. 17.
- ^ Reischauer (1957), p. 19.
- ^ a b Reischauer (1957), p. 20.
- ^ a b Reischauer (1957), p. 21.
- ^ a b HYI history web page Archived 2008-02-11 at the Wayback Machine
- New York Review of Books. Vol. 24, No. 12. July 14, 1977.
- ^ Reischauer (1957), pp. 3–4.
- ^ Baxter (1975), p. 13.
- ^ Japan Foundation Award, 1973 Archived 2008-03-11 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ WorldCat Identities: Elisséeff, Serge 1889-1975
Works cited
- Baxter, Glen W. (1975). "Serge Elisséeff: 1889–1975". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 35: 12–13. JSTOR 2718789.
- OCLC 58053128
- JSTOR 2718519.
- Rogala, Joseph. (2001). A Collector's Guide to Books on Japan in English: A Select List of Over 2500 Titles. London:Routledge.
- West, Philip. (1976). Yenching University and Sino-Western Relations, 1916-1952. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Zurndorfer, Harriet Thelma. (1995). China Bibliography: A Research Guide to Reference Works About China Past and Present. Leiden: ISBN 978-0-8248-2212-5(paper)
External links
- Japan: Ancient Buddhist Paintings (1959), with Takaaki Matsushita.
- Works by or about Serge Elisséeff at Internet Archive