Sigrid Hjertén
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Sigrid Hjertén | |
|---|---|
 Sigrid Hjertén at work | |
| Born | 27 October 1885 |
| Died | 24 March 1948 (aged 62) |
| Nationality | Swedish |
| Known for | Painting |
| Movement | Modernism |
Sigrid Hjertén (27 October 1885 – 24 March 1948) was a
Biography
Sigrid Hjertén was born in Sundsvall in 1885. She studied at the University College of Arts, Crafts and Design in Stockholm and graduated as a drawing teacher. At a studio party in 1909, Hjertén met her future husband, twenty-year-old Isaac Grünewald, who had already studied one year with Henri Matisse in Paris. Grünewald convinced her that she would do herself more justice as a painter. Later that year she went to Matisse's art school as well. She was "said to have been Matisse's favorite pupil because of her fine sense of color."[1]
1910s
As Hjertén studied under Henri Matisse in Paris, she was impressed by the way he and Paul Cézanne dealt with colour. She developed a style of contrasting colour fields and simplified contours. Her aesthetic intentions had primarily to do with colour, and in her later works from the 1930s she spoke of colours in terms such as cold yellow. Hjertén strove to find forms and colours that could convey her emotions. In that respect her work is more closely related to the German Expressionists, such as Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, than to the French painters, with their graceful play of lines.
After a year and a half she returned to Sweden. In 1912 Hjertén participated in a group show in Stockholm. It was her debut exhibition as a painter. In the following ten years she took part in many exhibitions both in Sweden and abroad, among other places in
In Hjertén's art, where she greatly exposes herself, one notices different stages of development. The influence of Matisse is perhaps mostly discernible in the 1910s. During this decade, Hjertén created many paintings with indoor pictures and views from her home, first at Kornhamnstorg Square and later at Katarinavägen Street, in Stockholm. Her husband Isaac Grünewald and her son Ivàn, as well as Sigrid herself, are often depicted in scenes that embrace various sorts of conflicts. At this time Hjertén got acquainted with and inspired by the art made by Ernst Josephson during his illness.
Ateljéinterior
Ateljéinteriör (Studio interior) from 1916 shows how radical Hjertén was for her time. The painting describes the roles she played as artist, woman, and mother: different identities in different worlds. Hjertén sits on the sofa between two artists – her husband, Isaac Grünewald, and, perhaps, Einar Jolin – who talk to each other over her head. Her large blue eyes stare into the distance. In the foreground a woman dressed in black – a sophisticated alter ego – leans against a male figure who might be the artist Nils Dardel. Her son Ivàn crawls out of the right-hand corner. In the background we glimpse one of Hjertén's paintings of the period, Zigenarkvinna (Gypsy woman).
Ateljéinterior and Den röda rullgardinen (The Red Blind), from 1916, are daring paintings that have given rise in recent years to new interpretations based on contemporary
1920s
Between 1920 and 1932, Hjertén and her family lived in Paris, and made many excursions to the
As time passed, an increasing tension can be seen in her art. In the late 1920s, while she was very isolated in France, colder and darker colours began to appear in her paintings. Recurring diagonal strokes helped to give the paintings a tense impression.
1930s
In 1932, Hjertén decided to return to Stockholm. But during packing she collapsed. She got to Sweden and was temporarily taken to the
During 1934, she traveled with her family in the south of Europe, where she painted. Hjertén eventually made her name as an artist among the critics in 1935, when she exhibited with Isaac in Gothenburg. Yet, most contemporary critics had a negative and even scornful attitude towards Hjertén's works of art, and many of them wrote deeply offensive reviews. Among other things, her paintings were called idiocy, humbug, horrors and products of handicap.
She won public recognition only in 1936, when she had a well-received solo exhibition at the
Isaac, who had many mistresses over the years, divorced Hjertén and remarried. Both Isaac and his new wife later died in a flying accident in 1946.
In the late 1930s, Hjertén was diagnosed with schizophrenia, and was permanently hospitalised at Beckomberga
Legacy
Hjertén's total production amounted to slightly more than 500 paintings, together with sketches, water-colours and drawings. Hjertén had to fight the prejudices of her time throughout her career. Her paintings seem extremely personal for the era in which they were made, when issues of colour and form were uppermost in artists' minds. Her interest in humankind was often manifested in dramatic, even theatrical compositions, while her approach to colour was emotional as well as theoretical.
Notes
- ^ JSTOR 1357877
- ^ "Commemoratives of Famous Women for". www.fembio.org. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
References
- (in Swedish) Sigrid Hjertén, by Annika Gunnarsson, in Moderna museet - boken, ed. Cecilia Widenheim et al., Stockholm: Moderna museet, 2004 ISBN 91-7100-724-5
- (in French) Katarina Borgh Bertorp, Sigrid Hjertén: l'hértière de Matisse du Grand Nord: heir of Matisse from the Far North, Paris: Centre Culturel Suédois, 1997
- (in Swedish) Anita Goldman, I själen alltid ren: Om Sigrid Hjertén, Stockholm: ISBN 91-27-05485-3
Further reading
External links
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