Slovak National Party
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Slovak National Party Slovenská národná strana | ||
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National Council 10 / 150 | ||
European Parliament | 1 / 14 | |
Regional governors | 0 / 8 | |
Regional deputies | 15 / 416 | |
Mayors[a] | 395 / 2,904 | |
Party flag | ||
Website | ||
www | ||
The Slovak National Party (Slovak: Slovenská národná strana, SNS) is an ultranationalist[16] political party in Slovakia. The party characterizes itself as a nationalist party based on both social and European Christian values.[17]
Since 1990 SNS has won seats in every
History
The party was founded in December 1989 and perceives itself as an ideological heir to the historical Slovak National Party. The party declares its three pillars: Christian, national and social. One of the biggest events the SNS has participated in since then was the establishment of an independent Slovakia on 1 January 1993. The SNS has had deputies in the Slovak parliament in the years 1990–2002 and 2006–2012. The party also had deputies in the Slovak government. Marián Andel, Jozef Prokeš, Jaroslav Paška and Ľudovít Černák were in the second Mečiar government (1992–1994), Ján Sitek and Eva Slavkovská in the third Mečiar government (1994–1998) and other deputies were in the government of Robert Fico from 2006 to 2010 (see below).
Between 2001 and 2005 there was a
In 2008 a €120 million tender for establishing the rules and guidelines and logos for distribution of funds from the European Union, was won by a consortium of firms with close ties to SNS leader Ján Slota. The tender notice had been posted for only five days on a bulletin board in the ministry run by the SNS party behind a locked door, which resulted in a single bid. Following the scandal, the SNS minister in charge of the contract was fired, and the European Commission has launched an investigation.[19] In 2009 SNS proposed a law to create barriers for women seeking abortion in Slovakia.[20]
Election results
National Council
Election | Leader | Votes | % | Rank | Seats | +/– | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | Víťazoslav Móric | 470,984 | 13.9% |
3rd | 22 / 150
|
Opposition | |
1992 | Jozef Prokeš | 244,527 | 7.9% |
4th | 15 / 150
|
7 | HZDS–SNS (1992–1994) |
Opposition (1994) | |||||||
1994 | Ján Slota | 155,359 | 5.4% |
7th | 9 / 150
|
6 | HZDS–SNS–ZRS |
1998 | 304,839 | 9.1% |
5th | 14 / 150
|
5 | Opposition | |
2002 | Anna Malíková
|
95,633 | 3.3% |
9th | 0 / 150
|
14 | Extra-parliamentary |
2006 | Ján Slota | 270,230 | 11.7% |
3rd | 20 / 150
|
20 | Smer–SNS–HZDS |
2010 | 128,490 | 5.1% |
6th | 9 / 150
|
11 | Opposition | |
2012 | 116,420 | 4.6% |
7th | 0 / 150
|
9 | Extra-parliamentary | |
2016 | Andrej Danko | 225,386 | 8.6% |
4th | 15 / 150
|
15 | Smer–SNS–Bridge–Network (2016) |
Smer–SNS–Bridge (2016–2020) | |||||||
2020 | 91,171 | 3.2% |
10th | 0 / 150
|
15 | Extra-parliamentary | |
2023 | 166,995 | 5.6% |
7th | 10 / 150
|
10 | Smer–Hlas–SNS |
Presidential
Election | Candidate | First round | Second round | Result | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
1999 | Ján Slota | 73,836 | 2.50 | Lost | ||
2004 | Vladimír Mečiar | 650,242 | 32.73 | 722,368 | 40.08 | Lost |
2009 | Ivan Gašparovič | 876,061 | 46.71 | 1,234,787 | 55.53 | Won |
2024 | Andrej Danko | 1,905 | 0.08 | TBD | TBD | Lost |
European Parliament
Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 14,150 | 2.01 (#9) | 0 / 14
|
|
2009 | 45,960 | 5.55 (#6) | 1 / 13
|
1 |
2014 | 20,244 | 3.61 (#10) | 0 / 13
|
1 |
2019 | 40,330 | 4.09 (#8) | 0 / 13
|
2006–2010: In Slovak government
SNS entered the current Slovak government after Chairman
- Jaroslav Izák as the minister of the environment. Jaroslav Izák was fired from the Environment Ministry top job in the wake of accusations of cronyism, He was succeeded by Ján Chrbet.[21]
- Ján Mikolaj as deputy prime minister; minister of education.
- Marián Janušek as the minister of construction and regional development. Janušek was sacked from the Ministry's top job for "granting lucrative contracts worth €98 million to two firms, Avocat and Zamedia, which are believed to have links to SNS chairman Ján Slota."[21]
Further ministers, delegated by SNS:
- Ján Chrbet as Minister of Environment, after Izák. His firing was over his responsibility in a mega-scandal involving the sale of the country's excess emission quotas at an extremely low price, below their market value.[21]
- Viliam Turský as Minister of Environment following Chrbet. Also fired by Fico over a dubious contract he signed with a company. After three SNS Ministers were fired from the same ministry, Fico took away control of the ministry from SNS.[21]
The coalition agreement between Smer-SD and SNS resulted in the suspension of Smer-SD from the Party of European Socialists (PES). The PES considered SNS a "political party which incites or attempts to stir up racial or ethnic prejudices and racial hatred."[22] However, in 2008 Smer's membership suspension ended with no further PES's demands regarding SNS.[23]
2016 election
In the 2016 Slovak parliamentary election, the Slovak National Party won 8.64% of the vote, and joined Fico's Third Cabinet on 22 March.
Controversy
In April 2008, a map was published on the official web page discussion forum of the party where the territory of Hungary was divided between Slovakia and Austria, eliminating Hungary from the map.[24][25][26] After receiving media attention the map was promptly removed and the party has denied responsibility, referring to the free access policy of the forum section, where the map was posted.[27] The former party leader Ján Slota is the source of considerable controversy, Slota is frequently criticized for arrogance, nationalism,[28] and extremism.[29] The Slovak Spectator reports that most of the media attention Slota receives is because of statements that cross "the line not just of political but also human decency."[30] Documents about party leader Slota's criminal past, detailing arson, grand theft auto and assault, were broadcast by Markíza, the leading private television station in Slovakia, which resulted in a court case Markíza v Slota.[31] During the court proceedings Slota admitted to some of the crimes and even said he was proud of assaulting and beating a Hungarian saying "I am proud of giving that Hungarian a black eye".[32] Another physical assault was committed by Anna Belousovová of SNS against fellow parliamentarian Igor Matovič of SaS.[33] The SNS politician slapped Matovič saying she disliked an article written by him.
Allegations of racism and discrimination
The party under the leadership of Ján Slota had been sometimes described as
The party had been known for its inflammatory rhetoric against ethnic Roma and Hungarians.[39][49] The Party of European Socialists, considered SNS as a "political party which incites or attempts to stir up racial or ethnic prejudices and racial hatred."[22] The former party's leader Ján Slota, referred to by Earthtimes as "a xenophobic politician who has stirred anti-Hungarian sentiments",[50] said the best policy for dealing with the Romani was "a long whip in a small yard."[51][52] He is quoted as saying "we will sit in our tanks and destroy Budapest"[51] and questioning if homosexuals are normal people.[53] Slota stated that "The Hungarians are a cancer in the body of the Slovak nation."[54] Slota called the fascist leader Jozef Tiso "one of the greatest sons of the Slovak nation"[34] and on 17 February 2000, 40 of the 41 city council members in Žilina, where Slota was mayor at the time, voted to dedicate a plaque honouring Jozef Tiso,[34] who was convicted and executed for the breaking Czechoslovak state and for collaboration with Nazi Germany. Later in a move that was described as absurd by a Slovak journalist, SNS demanded the seat of deputy prime minister responsible for human rights and national minorities. The party did not manage to obtain the seat.[21]
The party abandoned anti-Hungarian rhetoric under Danko's leadership, praising Hungary under the leadership of Viktor Orbán as a model for Slovakia.[55] Prior to the 2023 Slovak parliamentary election, Hungarian Foreign Minister Péter Szijjártó praised the Slovak National Party following a meeting with its leader, Danko, stating that "parties standing on national foundations always understand each other well" and emphasising their shared "Christian-conservative values".[56][57]
The party has been described as spreading hate against the LGBTI+ community as recently as July 2023.[58]
Allegations of neo-fascism
In the past when
Party leaders
Leader | Year | |
---|---|---|
1 | Víťazoslav Móric | 1990–1991 |
2 | Jozef Prokeš | 1991–1992 |
3 | Ľudovít Černák | 1992–1994 |
4 | Ján Slota | 1994–1999 |
5 | Anna Malíková
|
1999–2003 |
6 | Ján Slota | 2003–2012 |
7 | Andrej Danko | 2012–present |
Notes
- ^ Also with coalitions.
References
- ^ https://www.minv.sk/swift_data/source/statna_komisia_pre_volby/30_annual_report/ar2022/VS22_SNS.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ a b "Slovakia's president asks a populist ex-premier to form government after winning early election". The Independent. 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
- ^ a b Tarnok, Balazs (12 March 2022). "Why Is Ethnic Discrimination Still Legal in Slovakia?". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
- ^ a b "Slovakia elections: Pro-Russia former PM Robert Fico wins poll but must forge coalition". Sky News. 1 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2020). "Slovakia". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
- ^ a b c d Algan, Yann (2017). "The European Trust Crisis and the Rise of Populism: Supplementary Online Appendix" (PDF). Brookings Papers on Economic Activity: 55.
- ^ "European Public Opinion Three Decades After the Fall of Communism: Political parties". Pew Research Center. 14 October 2019.
- ^ "Marching towards Eurasia. The Kremlin connections of the Slovak far-right". Juraj Marusiak, Daniel Milo, Peter Kreko, Anita Lencses. January 2015.
- ^ "АНДРЕЈ ДАНКО: Срби не дајте своју воду, минерале и кључна предузећа!". 7 June 2018.
- ^ Hornak, Daniel (11 October 2023). "Slovakia's Fico to Return to Power as Coalition Deal Sealed". Bloomberg. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
Fico's Smer party signed an agreement with two preferred partners, Voice and the right-wing Slovak National Party, to form a coalition.
- ^
- Otajovicova, Sona (24 November 2023). Flanagan, Aingeal (ed.). "Slovakia: Fico's cabinet includes controversial appointments". Deutsche Welle. Bratislava. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
- Faiola, Anthony; Rauhala, Emily; Morris, Loveday (25 November 2023). "Dutch election shows far right rising and reshaping Europe". The Washington Post. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
Slovakia is also something of a far-right success story, with the far-right Slovak National Party among the coalition partners supporting populist Robert Fico
- Crisp, James (15 November 2023). "Jesus Christ 'will become the King of Slovakia'". The Telegraph. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
Mr Kuffa [...] is a member of the far-Right Slovak National Party, which is a junior partner in the coalition.
- ^ "Pro-Russia ex-PM leads party to win in Slovakia's parliamentary elections". TheJournal.ie. 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
- ^ "Slovakia's populist party opposed to Ukraine aid wins vote". Al Jazeera. 1 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
- ^ Henley, Jon (30 September 2023). "Slovakia election: polls open in knife-edge vote with Ukraine high on agenda". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
- ISBN 9780429965241.
- ^ [2][4][12][13][14][3][15]
- ^ Stručne o SNS. Archived 11 September 2012 at archive.today
- ^ "Z politiky neodchádzam, tvrdí Slota". HNonline.sk. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
- ^ "By hook or crook, Slovak EU funds find their way to govt supporters". Businessneweurope.eu. 18 June 2009. Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ a b "HUMAN RIGHTS-SLOVAKIA: Barriers Go Up For Abortion". Ipsnews.net. 26 June 2009. Archived from the original on 4 January 2011. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Beata Balogová (31 August 2009). "People often get what they want, not what they need – The Slovak Spectator". Spectator.sk. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ a b SMER suspended from PES political family Archived 14 October 2006 at archive.today, Party of European Socialists, 12 October 2006
- ^ "PES REHABILITATES FICO'S SMER PARTY. (Party of European Socialists meeting)". 22 February 2008. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Törölték Magyarországot Slota pártjának térképéről". Origo.hu. 31 January 1999. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "Slotáék törölték Európa térképéről Magyarországot". Hvg.hu. 1 January 1970. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
- ^ Letörölték Európa térképéről Magyarországot Slotáék Archived 19 October 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Szétosztották hazánk területét Ján Slota pártjának honlapján Archived 12 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Magyar Hírlap, 16 April 2008. (reach: 16-4-08)
- ^ "Forgive and forget?". The Slovak Spectator. 11 February 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2008.
- ^ Lukáš Fila (16 March 2009). "Prezidentská kampaň Slovakia warns of worsening relations after Gyurcsany resignation". Spectator.sk. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "The journalist's dilemma: how to report Ján Slota". The Slovak Spectator. 13 October 2008. Retrieved 4 November 2008.
- ^ "Jan Slota büszke rá, hogy megvert egy magyart". Index.hu. 23 June 2009. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "Slota megvert egy magyart". Fn.hu. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "Belousovová dala v parlamente facku Matovičovi". Sme.sk. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ a b c d New Slovak Government Embraces Ultra-Nationalists, Excludes Hungarian Coalition Party Archived 5 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine HRF Alert: "Hungarians are the cancer of the Slovak nation, without delay we need to remove them from the body of the nation." (Új Szó, 15 April 2005)
- ISBN 9780415314794.
Miroslav Sladek in the Czech Republic and Jan Slota in Slovakia stand out as two leaders of extreme nationalist parties who...
- ISBN 9780415236713.
Slovak National Party: led by Jan Slota. Extreme nationalist
- ISBN 9780847683246.
...Meciar established his 1994 coalition government with the extreme-nacionalist Slovak National Party (SNS), led by Ján Slota, mayor of Zilina...
- ^ "International Herald Tribune's article about Hungarian-Slovak relations". International Herald Tribune. 29 March 2009. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ a b "Official Results: Slovak Ultra-Nationalists Grab Seat in EU Vote". Nasdaq.com. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ Origo (31 December 1899). "Eljárás Szlovákiában magyarellenes klipek miatt". www.origo.hu/ (in Hungarian). Retrieved 13 June 2023.
- ISBN 9780415355933. Retrieved 22 May 2009.
- ISBN 9780521009102. Retrieved 22 May 2009.
- ^ "The Steven Roth Institute: Country reports. Antisemitism and racism in Slovakia". Tau.ac.il. Archived from the original on 31 May 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "BBC: Europe diary: Franco and Finland – section Slovak Nationalism". BBC News. 6 July 2006. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "European Roma Rights Centre". Errc.org. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "Slovakia's new rulers, strange bedfellows". Isn.ethz.ch. Archived from the original on 5 February 2008. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ Kristina Mikulova's (Financial Times) article on the pages of CEPA Archived 20 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ ISBN 9780415355933.
- ISBN 9780822339496.
Slovakia's nationalist politicians, most notably the Slovak National Party's Ján Slota, stoke up anti-Hungarian sentiment
- ^ DPA (21 March 2009). "Slovakia warns of worsening relations after Gyurcsany resignation". Earthtimes.org. Archived from the original on 2 September 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ a b "Chaos, Corruption and Extremism – Political Crises Abound in Eastern Europe". Der Spiegel. 29 May 2007. Retrieved 20 April 2008.
- ^ "New Slovak Government Embraces Ultra-Nationalists, Excludes Hungarian Coalition Party". Hhrf.org. Archived from the original on 5 January 2011. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ ÚJ SZÓ online[dead link]
- ^ "Separatist Movements Seek Inspiration in Kosovo". Der Spiegel. 22 February 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2008.
- ^ "A. Danko: Ak mi národ dá dôveru, budem zaňho bojovať ako Orbán za Maďarov (rozhovor)". RTV. 19 September 2023.
- ^ "Fura emberekkel pacsizott Szijjártó Szlovákiában, és az ezeknél is abszurdabb találkája zajlott kedden". Parameter. 6 December 2022.
- ^ "Hungarian minister met with the leader of the Hungarian-hater, far-right SNS in Slovakia". Daily News Hungary. 7 December 2022.
- ^ a b Zmuskova, Barbara (4 July 2023). "Slovak far-right with neo-Nazi origins eyes government". EURACTIV. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
- ISBN 9781317455295.
- ^ "The Stephen Roth institute, Country reports: Slovakia 1999–2000". Tau.ac.il. Archived from the original on 31 May 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
- ^ Ingyen nevezte fasisztának a Szlovák Nemzeti Pártot Duray Miklós Origo
- ^ "A Fair Play Szövetség jogásza szerint az SNS hiába vár pénzt Duray Miklóstól". Duray.sk. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
- ^ No Compensation for SNS Over Fascism Comments TheDaily.sk
- ^ "Súd: Duray urazil SNS, nielen Slotu" [The Court: Duray offended SNS, not only Slota]. SME. 25 April 2008. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
- ^ "SNS nedostane od Duraya za výrok o fašistickej strane ani euro". Topky.sk. 11 August 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
- ^ "Nem kell Duraynak fizetni, amiért lefasisztázta Slotáék pártját". Hirado.hu. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
- ^ Zrt., HVG Kiadó (11 August 2011). "Slotát megvádolták, hogy kettős állampolgár".