Idanha-a-Velha: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 39°59′49″N 7°08′38″W / 39.997°N 7.144°W / 39.997; -7.144
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== History ==
== History ==
[[File:Idanha-a-Velha April 2015-9.jpg|300px|left|thumb|Typical granite house]]
[[File:Idanha-a-Velha April 2015-9.jpg|300px|left|thumb|Typical granite house]]
As one of the oldest towns in Portugal, with a history of [[Roman Empire|Roman]] settlement recorded since the year 16 AD,<ref name="freg">{{cite web | title = Idanha-a-Velha | work = Freguesias | publisher = Câmara Municipal de Idanha-a-Nova | url = http://www.cm-idanhanova.pt/freguesias/idanha_velha.html | accessdate = 2008-02-28|language=pt}}</ref> Idanha-a-Velha has been described as a "modest village with a rich historical background".<ref name="travel">{{cite web | title = Castelo Branco | publisher = Portugal Travel | url = http://www.portugal-info.net/transmontana/castelobranco.htm | accessdate = 2008-02-28}}</ref> Idanha-a-Velha is built on the site of the city of '''Egitânia''', which previously had thousands of inhabitants. The town was repeatedly invaded and looted throughout history, and the ruins evince the influence of different periods of its history: buildings from the Pre-History, Celtic, [[Roman architecture|Roman Classicism]], [[Suebi]]c, Visigothic, [[Al-Andalus|Arabic]], [[Middle Ages]] and Portuguese [[Manueline]] periods.
As one of the oldest towns in Portugal, with a history of [[Roman Empire|Roman]] settlement recorded since the year 16 AD,<ref name="freg">{{cite web | title = Idanha-a-Velha | work = Freguesias | publisher = Câmara Municipal de Idanha-a-Nova | url = http://www.cm-idanhanova.pt/freguesias/idanha_velha.html | accessdate = 2008-02-28 | language = pt | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080303011114/http://www.cm-idanhanova.pt/freguesias/idanha_velha.html | archivedate = 2008-03-03 | df = }}</ref> Idanha-a-Velha has been described as a "modest village with a rich historical background".<ref name="travel">{{cite web | title = Castelo Branco | publisher = Portugal Travel | url = http://www.portugal-info.net/transmontana/castelobranco.htm | accessdate = 2008-02-28}}</ref> Idanha-a-Velha is built on the site of the city of '''Egitânia''', which previously had thousands of inhabitants. The town was repeatedly invaded and looted throughout history, and the ruins evince the influence of different periods of its history: buildings from the Pre-History, Celtic, [[Roman architecture|Roman Classicism]], [[Suebi]]c, Visigothic, [[Al-Andalus|Arabic]], [[Middle Ages]] and Portuguese [[Manueline]] periods.


The town is reputed to have been the birthplace of the famous [[Visigoths|Visigothic]] [[King Wamba]],<ref name="travel"/> as well as the fourth century [[Pope Damasus I|Saint Pope Damasus]]. The Visigoth King [[Roderic]] is also said to have been buried here.
The town is reputed to have been the birthplace of the famous [[Visigoths|Visigothic]] [[King Wamba]],<ref name="travel"/> as well as the fourth century [[Pope Damasus I|Saint Pope Damasus]]. The Visigoth King [[Roderic]] is also said to have been buried here.


The town is host to a restored 16th century [[Church (building)|church]], called "the Cathedral",<ref name="catedral">{{cite web | title = Catedral Visigótica de Idanha-a-Velha | publisher = Visit Portugal | year = 2006 | url = http://www.visitportugal.com/NR/exeres/79ACB243-5136-43CD-84B5-81B3C4F8747B,frameless.htm | accessdate = 2008-02-28}}</ref> built on ruins dating from the time of the [[Suebi]], as far back as to the fourth century — the first Visigothic cathedral built on the [[Iberian Peninsula]].<ref name="freg"/> The inside of the cathedral holds the largest collection of Roman [[Epigraphy|epigraph]]s in Europe,<ref name="freg"/> refurbished as a modern museum to contain the carved and inscribed Roman stones.<ref name="travel"/>
The town is host to a restored 16th century [[Church (building)|church]], called "the Cathedral",<ref name="catedral">{{cite web | title = Catedral Visigótica de Idanha-a-Velha | publisher = Visit Portugal | year = 2006 | url = http://www.visitportugal.com/NR/exeres/79ACB243-5136-43CD-84B5-81B3C4F8747B,frameless.htm | accessdate = 2008-02-28 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/666iM9YPJ?url=http://www.visitportugal.com/NR/exeres/79ACB243-5136-43CD-84B5-81B3C4F8747B,frameless.htm | archivedate = 2012-03-12 | df = }}</ref> built on ruins dating from the time of the [[Suebi]], as far back as to the fourth century — the first Visigothic cathedral built on the [[Iberian Peninsula]].<ref name="freg"/> The inside of the cathedral holds the largest collection of Roman [[Epigraphy|epigraph]]s in Europe,<ref name="freg"/> refurbished as a modern museum to contain the carved and inscribed Roman stones.<ref name="travel"/>


There is also a 17th-century [[pillory]] in the village square.<ref name="travel"/> Nearby stand the ruins of ''a Torre dos Templários'', a tower constructed on the ruins of a Roman temple dedicated to [[Venus (mythology)|Venus]].<ref name="travel"/>
There is also a 17th-century [[pillory]] in the village square.<ref name="travel"/> Nearby stand the ruins of ''a Torre dos Templários'', a tower constructed on the ruins of a Roman temple dedicated to [[Venus (mythology)|Venus]].<ref name="travel"/>
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== Sources and external links ==
== Sources and external links ==
{{commons category}}
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.cm-idanhanova.pt/freguesias/idanha_velha.html Freguesias - Idanha-a-Velha] {{pt icon}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080303011114/http://www.cm-idanhanova.pt/freguesias/idanha_velha.html Freguesias - Idanha-a-Velha] {{pt icon}}
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/guar3.htm GCatholic - Egaria bishopric]
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/guar3.htm GCatholic - Egaria bishopric]
* [http://www.visitportugal.com/NR/exeres/79ACB243-5136-43CD-84B5-81B3C4F8747B,frameless.htm Catedral Visigótica de Idanha-a-Velha]
* [https://www.webcitation.org/666iM9YPJ?url=http://www.visitportugal.com/NR/exeres/79ACB243-5136-43CD-84B5-81B3C4F8747B,frameless.htm Catedral Visigótica de Idanha-a-Velha]


{{coord|39.997|N|7.144|W|display=title|source:ptwiki}}
{{coord|39.997|N|7.144|W|display=title|source:ptwiki}}

Revision as of 10:55, 11 November 2017

Idanha-a-Velha
Settlement
UTC±00:00 (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+01:00 (WEST)
Websitewww.cm-idanhanova.pt

Idanha-a-Velha is a village and a former

Idanha-a-Nova
, central eastern Portugal, and the site of Ancient Egitânia, a former bishopric.

In 2013, the civil parish merged into the new parish Monsanto e Idanha-a-Velha.[1] It covers an area of 20.98 km² and had a population of 79 as of 2001.

History

Typical granite house

As one of the oldest towns in Portugal, with a history of

Roman Classicism, Suebic, Visigothic, Arabic, Middle Ages and Portuguese Manueline
periods.

The town is reputed to have been the birthplace of the famous

King Wamba,[3] as well as the fourth century Saint Pope Damasus. The Visigoth King Roderic
is also said to have been buried here.

The town is host to a restored 16th century church, called "the Cathedral",[4] built on ruins dating from the time of the Suebi, as far back as to the fourth century — the first Visigothic cathedral built on the Iberian Peninsula.[2] The inside of the cathedral holds the largest collection of Roman epigraphs in Europe,[2] refurbished as a modern museum to contain the carved and inscribed Roman stones.[3]

There is also a 17th-century pillory in the village square.[3] Nearby stand the ruins of a Torre dos Templários, a tower constructed on the ruins of a Roman temple dedicated to Venus.[3]

Ecclesiastical History

The presence of a primitive

Suebic Kingdom of Galicia (+570) to choose this town as see when he created the Diocese of Egitânia no later then 559-569.[5][6] Around 585, the Romanesque cathedral started to be constructed, that included not only the main structure by the baptistery and the hypothetical palace.[6] That was also the year that Suebic Galicia was annexed by the Visigoths, and was turned into the sixth province of the Visigothic Kingdom of Hispania
.

The Romanesque cathedral of Idanha-a-Velha as seen from the cemetery

In 715 however, the diocese was suppressed (possibly with an apostolic succession of errant bishops), due to the Moorish invasion of Iberia, rendering the church's cathedral function mute. Between the 9th and 10th century, during the Moorish occupation, the temple was transformed into mosque.[6]

When the bishopric could finally be restored in 1199 (after the

Diocese of Guarda, where a new cathedral was built, while the former cathedral at Idanha-a-Velha, which had served local purposes, notably under Knights Templar influence, was not even made a co-cathedral
.

Suffragan Bishops of Egitânia [7]
  • Adorico (550?569 – 572?)
  • Comundo (? – 589)
  • Licério (? – 610)
  • Montésis (? – 638)
  • Arménio (? – 646)
  • Siclua (? – 666)
  • Monefonso (? – 688)
  • Argesindo (? – 693)
  • Rodrigo (1199–1199)

See also

References

  1. ^ Diário da República. "Law nr. 11-A/2013, pages 552 58-59" (pdf) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  2. ^ a b c "Idanha-a-Velha". Freguesias (in Portuguese). Câmara Municipal de Idanha-a-Nova. Archived from the original on 2008-03-03. Retrieved 2008-02-28. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ a b c d e "Castelo Branco". Portugal Travel. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
  4. ^ "Catedral Visigótica de Idanha-a-Velha". Visit Portugal. 2006. Archived from the original on 2012-03-12. Retrieved 2008-02-28. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ In 569, the Bishop of Egitânea was present at the Council of Lugo, confirming the existence of the bishopric.
  6. ^ a b c Conceição, Margarida; Costa, Marisa (2001), SIPA (ed.), Catedral de Idanha-a-Velha (IPA.00005882/PT020505040010) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, archived from the original on 13 March 2016, retrieved 1 December 2016 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/guar3.htm GCatholic - Egaria bishopric

Sources and external links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Idanha-a-Velha.

39°59′49″N 7°08′38″W / 39.997°N 7.144°W / 39.997; -7.144

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