St. Patrick's Church (New Orleans, Louisiana)
St. Patrick's Church | |
Location | New Orleans, Louisiana |
---|---|
Coordinates | 29°56′47.92″N 90°4′11.42″W / 29.9466444°N 90.0698389°W |
Built | 1837 |
Architect | Dakin & Dakin; Gallier, James Sr. |
Architectural style | Gothic Revival |
NRHP reference No. | 74000936 [1] |
Significant dates | |
Added to NRHP | May 30, 1974 |
Designated NHL | May 30, 1974[2] |
St. Patrick's Church is a
History
The first major development in New Orleans outside of the Vieux Carré was Faubourg St. Mary, begun after 1788; the area is now the core of the Central Business District and Warehouse District. The Faubourg came to be known as the "American Quarter," as differentiated from the French Quarter. Irish immigration in the early nineteenth century brought English-speaking Catholics to the city, many of whom settled in the new commercial district of Faubourg St. Mary. The religious and linguistic demographics of the city were changing; Catholicism in New Orleans had been dominated by the Creoles, descendants of the French, Spanish, and African (both enslaved and free) settlers of the previous century. By the 1830s, a church was needed for those who did not speak French.[4][5]
In 1833, Bishop Leo-Raymond de Neckere established a new parish in Faubourg St. Mary, St. Patrick's Church. Construction of a permanent church building began later in the decade and was completed in 1840. During the 1849-1851 rebuilding of St. Louis Cathedral, the church was named pro-cathedral of the diocese.[6]
The decades after the church's establishment saw anti-immigrant violence involving the
The church building was named a National Historic Landmark in 1975. A major restoration, lasting from 1978 to 1990, preserved the structure so that the parish could continue to serve the people of New Orleans as it had for 150 years.[6]
Hurricane Katrina
Located on relatively
In keeping with St. Patrick's history as New Orleans' second oldest parish, it and St. Louis Cathedral held the first masses in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina on Sunday, October 2, 2005. The New York Times reported the reopening of both churches, quoting one parishioner regarding the ringing of the bell in the tower, "You can call this a homecoming bell for New Orleans. We have good news we want to get out."[7]
Architecture
St. Patrick's is in the Gothic style, with a fairly simple exterior but a highly ornate interior. Doorways, windows, the organ, and the altar all conform to architectural design. The bell tower is 185 feet (56 m) tall; some nineteenth century aerial views of New Orleans were painted from its roof.[4] The interior of the nave is 85 feet (26 m) tall. Slender columns support the fan vaulting of the ceiling, which is particularly elaborate above the altar, incorporating sixteen stained glass windows in a half-dome. Three large paintings above the altar depict, from left to right: Saint Patrick, the Transfiguration of Jesus, and Jesus Christ pulling Saint Peter from the sea.[6]
The architect of St. Patrick's Church was James H. Dakin, who designed a number of buildings in Louisiana, including the Old State Capitol in Baton Rouge. Problems related to the city's notoriously high water table drew in another prominent local architect, James Gallier, to oversee the construction.[6][8]
Location
St. Patrick's is located on Camp Street in New Orleans, between Julia and Girod Streets. It is within walking distance of the downtown hotels and French Quarter, less than half a mile from Canal Street.
It is in the middle of what has become an arts district, with a number of small galleries and the Ogden Museum of Southern Art in the surrounding blocks.
Tradition
The parish has made efforts to maintain a sense of traditional reverence amid New Orleans' reputation for revelry. As part of this effort, the parish offers the
See also
- List of Catholic cathedrals in the United States
- List of cathedrals in the United States
- List of National Historic Landmarks in Louisiana
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Orleans Parish, Louisiana
References
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
- ^ "St. Patrick's Church (New Orleans)". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. June 24, 2008. Archived from the original on July 12, 2007.
- ^ "NHL nomination for St. Patrick's Church". National Park Service. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
- ^ ISBN 1-56554-991-0
- ^ ISBN 2-87718-938-4
- ^ a b c d St. Patrick's website
- ^ "Upon Return, Many Find Solace at Church," The New York Times, October 3, 2005
- ^ Dakin Collection at the New Orleans Public Library; page 7 includes plans for the church