Tegarama

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Tegarama (Old Assyrian: Tergarma; Hittite: Takarama; Luwian: Lakarma/Lukarma) was a city in Anatolia during the Bronze Age. It is often identified with Gürün and biblical Togarmah.

A fortified city in Kammanu (on the border of Tabal) mentioned in Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions of the ninth, eighth, and seventh centuries BC (reigns of Shalmaneser III, Sargon II, and Sennacherib) as Til-garimmu/Til-garimme.

Middle Bronze Age

The city contained a palace, a

Hittite Empire.[2]

Late Bronze Age

Reign of Tudhaliya III

The city was sacked by

Hittite king Tudhaliya III
on the eastern border.

Reign of Suppiluliuma I

During his victorious campaign against

Karkemish.[3] Consequently, city must have been on the road from Hattusa
to Karkhemish.

Theories

The exact location of the city in Anatolia is disputed.

Kanesh.[5][6]

Gürün

Til-garimmu is usually identified with modern Gürün, biblical Tōgarmā, classical Gauraene/Gauraina, Old Assyrian Tergarama, Hittite Takarama, and Luwian Lakarma/Lukarma. However, no pre-Roman remains have been discovered at Gürün.

Akçadaǧ

Akçadaǧ, ca. 30 km west of Malatya, has been tentatively suggested as an alternate location.

Changing location

One theory is that the name of the city was 'moved' to another settlement during the history.[7]

Biblical tradition

The city is sometimes associated with Biblical Togarmah.[8][9][10]

Bibliography

- YAMADA, SHIGEO. "The City of Togarma in Neo-Assyrian Sources" Altorientalische Forschungen, vol. 33, no. 2, 2006, pp. 223-236. https://doi.org/10.1524/aofo.2006.33.2.223

References

  1. ISBN 3525534523
  2. ISBN 8763536455
  3. ISBN 0810865645
  4. ^ map on inside cover of Gurney, The Hittites, Folio Society edition
  5. ISBN 0810865645
  6. ^ "Hittite Monuments - Gürün".
  7. ^ Bajramovic, p.131
  8. ^ Bajramovic, p. 312
  9. ISBN 1450729347
  10. ISBN 146709479X

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