Teuku Umar
Teuku Umar | |
|---|---|
 Teuku Umar, c. 1890 | |
| Born | 1854 |
| Died | 11 February 1899 (aged 44–45) Meulaboh, Aceh Sultanate |
| Spouses |
|
| Children | From Cut Meuligou: Teuku Sapeh Teuku Raja Sulaiman Cut Mariyam Cut Sjak Cut Teungoh Teuku Bidin From Cut Nyak Dhien Cut Gambang |
Teuku Umar (1854 – 11 February 1899) was a leader of a
Biography
Umar joined the guerrilla forces in 1873 at the age of 19. At first, he fought in Meulaboh; he later expanded his operations to different parts of West Aceh.[1]
At the age of 20, Umar married Nyak Sofia; not long after, he took Nyak Malighai as his second wife. In 1880, Umar married his cousin Cut Nyak Dhien; Dhien later joined him in the guerrilla campaign.[1]
In 1883, the
On 30 March 1896, Umar and his troops deserted, taking including 800 weapons, 25,000 bullets, 500 kilograms (1,100 lb) of ammunition, and 18,000 dollars. Together with 400 soldiers under the command of Teuku Panglima Polem Muhammad Daud, Umar attacked the Dutch forces, killing 25 and injuring 190.[1]
In retaliation, the Dutch governor sent soldiers en masse to capture or kill Umar. Umar was killed in an ambush on 11 February 1899, in Meulaboh.[1]
Legacy
In the 1930s,
Teuku has been officially designated as national hero of Indonesia. There are many streets named after him throughout Indonesia, including a main thoroughfare in the well-known suburb of Menteng in Jakarta, as well as a field in Meulaboh.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Teuku Umar (1854–1899)" (in Indonesian). Rindam Iskandar Muda. Retrieved July 11, 2011.
- ^ Barnard 1997, p. 511
Bibliography
- Reid, Anthony (2005). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese & Other Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: ISBN 9971-69-298-8.
- Barnard, Timothy P. (1997). "Local Heroes and National Consciousness: The Politics of Historiography in Riau". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Riau in Transition. 153 (4): 509–526. .