The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker's Hill, June 17, 1775

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For the battle itself, see Battle of Bunker Hill.
The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker's Hill, June 17, 1775.
oil on canvas
Dimensions184.2 cm × 274.5 cm (72.5 in × 108.1 in)
LocationWadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Connecticut
The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker's Hill, June 17, 1775
Boston, Massachusetts

The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker's Hill, June 17, 1775 refers to several

Breed's Hill by a British
officer.

The paintings are iconic images of the American Revolution. Trumbull painted several versions, including the one held by the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (dated between 1815 and 1831). This was commissioned by the Warren family and passed down through the family before being acquired by the museum.[1] Another, larger version (dated 1834) is held by the Wadsworth Atheneum in Hartford, Connecticut.[2] Trumbull sold the engraving rights for both this painting and The Death of General Montgomery in the Attack on Quebec, December 31, 1775, which resulted in a highly successful subscription release that greatly enhanced his career.

Event

Artist

Breed's Hill
. This redoubt was the target of three British attacks, of which the first two were repulsed. The third attack succeeded, in part because the defenders had run out of ammunition. Warren was struck by a musket or pistol ball during the evacuation of the redoubt, and killed instantly.

Description

Self-portrait of Trumbull

The central focus of the painting is Warren's body, dressed in white, and John Small, a British major, dressed in a scarlet uniform (holding a sword in his left hand).[4] Small, who had served with colonial general Israel Putnam during the French and Indian War, is shown preventing a fellow British soldier from bayoneting Warren. Trumbull wanted to express the poignancy in the conflict of men who had earlier served together.

On the far right of the painting is a colonial officer,

Thomas Grosvenor, with a black man holding a musket behind him. The black man was long thought to be Peter Salem, a freed slave who served in the cause of American independence. Later research identified him as a slave belonging to Grosvenor.[3]

The foreground is littered with bodies from both sides of the conflict, and the background includes clusters of colonial and British troops carrying flags.

Charlestown
, which had been torched by the British.

In describing the painting for a catalogue of his works, Trumbull explained why he chose to emphasize the British Major Small's role, saying that Small, whom he had met in London, "was equally distinguished by acts of humanity and kindness to his enemies, as by bravery and fidelity to the cause he served."[5]

People depicted

External videos
video icon Lecture 8, John Trumbull and Historical Fiction: The Battle of Bunker's Hill, June 17, 1775 (1786), 56 minutes, Yale University Courses, Yale University

British soldiers

  • Major John Small, the redcoated British soldier stepping over a fallen redcoat soldier to hold back the bayonet of a fellow soldier
  • Major John Pitcairn, falling back dying in his son's (Lieutenant Pitcairn's) arms
  • General
    Henry Clinton
    , bare-headed British officer with raised sword at the rear, center of the painting
  • General William Howe, standing to the left of Clinton from the viewer's point of view with his sword pointing forward.
  • colour
    , center-right in the painting
  • Lieutenant Colonel James Abercrombie, the redcoat soldier laying dead underneath John Small and at General Warren's feet.

Colonists

  • Joseph Warren
  • Thomas Grosvenor
    , soldier to the far right
  • An African-American slave of Grosvenor, shown behind the officer [3]
  • Major Andrew McClary[6]
  • A black freeman, possibly Peter Salem, head visible below the flags on the left side of the painting
  • General Israel Putnam, colonial officer on the far left of the painting
  • Thomas Knowlton, standing over Warren and holding a musket
  • Lieutenant-Colonel Moses Parker of Chelmsford is depicted sitting wounded to the left of Warren
  • Colonel Thomas Gardner lying on ground lower right.[7] Both Gardner and Parker were taken prisoner, and both died in early July in Boston.
  • Colonel William Prescott, who allegedly ordered his soldiers not to fire until "you see the whites of their eyes".[8]

References

Notes
  1. ^ "The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker's Hill, 17 June, 1775". Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
  2. ^ "The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker's Hill, June 17, 1775". pubhist.com.
  3. ^ a b c Tamarkin, p. 137
  4. ^ "Key to the Battle of Bunker's Hill". americanrevolution.org. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
  5. ^ Tamarkin, p. 134
  6. ^ "The Battle of Bunker's Hill, June 17th 1775". Library of Congress. Retrieved May 9, 2016.
  7. ^ Sons of the American Revolution Magazine, Jan. 1969
  8. ^ Museum of Fine Arts Boston
Sources

External links
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