Theodore de Korwin Szymanowski

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Theodore de Korwin Szymanowski
Tomasz Lubienski, Henryk Łubieński, Jacek Malczewski, Bernard Łubieński, Umberto I of Italy

Teodor Dyzma Makary Korwin Szymanowski
Coat of armsŚlepowron
Noble familySzymanowski
consortJulia Bożeniec Jełowicka
IssueFeliks Szymanowski, Eustachy Szymanowski, Józef Szymanowski, Bolesław Szymanowski, Aleksander Szymanowski, Jan Szymanowski, Maria Szymanowska, Franciszek Szymanowski
FatherFeliks Szymon Szymanowski
MotherMaria Łubieńska

Theodore de Korwin Szymanowski (French: Théodore de Korwin Szymanowski

African slavery.[1][2][3]
He was also a Polish poet.

Background

Born into a notable and well connected Polish

1863 Uprising but, as recorded in 1863 by his kinsman, bishop Konstanty Ireneusz Łubieński in a letter to Tomasz Wentworth Łubieński, 16-year-old Theodore was arrested in Kraków in the Habsburg controlled province of Galicia.[8] There is no evidence that he saw any fighting but he was escorted back to school to complete his studies. In 1864 he would have witnessed the end of serfdom in Poland, regarded as a swift reprisal by the Tsarist authorities against the insurgent Polish gentry.[9] It was a profound social change that was later to inform his original theoretical writing.[10]

His ageing father's declining health and the downturn in the family's fortunes probably curtailed his opportunity for further formal education. In 1867, twenty year old Theodore inherited the family estate. He was introduced into society to find a suitable match. When he was 27, he was introduced during a New Year's ball to the twenty year old, Julia Bożeniec Jełowicka, descended from

Tsar's reach.[11] In effect, the family was 'exiled' to Western Ukraine where it remained in straitened circumstances for the duration of Theodor's life.[12]

Anticipation of a unified Europe

Korwin Szymanowski's polemical L'avenir économique, social et politique en Europe – The Future of Europe in Economic, Political and Social Terms – was written in French in 1885 and published in Paris in 1885 and 88.[13] At the time Poland was a dismembered state and occupied by Russia, Prussia and Austria-Hungary. His work begins with this exhortation:

Pardonnez l'incorrection à l'auteur, qui n'est Français que par sympathie, mais lisez jusqu'à la fin, et cherchez, dans ces idées détachées et en désordre, l'énigme de nos malheures. –

'Forgive the author's poor style, as he is a Frenchman only by sentiment, but read on to the end, and seek, in these disparate and unorganised thoughts, the enigma of our misfortunes.'[14]

As a declared

Catholicism, combined with a deliberate nod to the absolutist authorities in Saint Petersburg.[18][19]

The text lay forgotten until its rediscovery in a library at the start of the 21st century. It is not yet known whether it influenced, however indirectly, the architects of the post-war

European Common Market, people like Robert Schuman from Metz or Jean Monnet, seventy years after he wrote down his economic design for a unified Europe. As commented by his recent editor, Prof. Żurawski vel Grajewski in the postface, Szymanowski's contribution was part of a wider 19th c. European concern about an ailing Europe that felt threatened by social unrest and the Mahdi. His innovation was to focus on economics, statistics and monetary policy rather than on questions of nationalism, sovereignty or federalism. Irrespective of whether it was a republic or monarchy, though he preferred the latter, he made the distinction between nation and state.[18]

Challenge of African slavery

Theodore Korwin Szymanowski, c. 1890 – portrait in oil by his sister, Maria Szymanowska

From his remote exile, as Korwin Szymanowski states throughout his writings, he corresponded with unnamed influential political figures in Paris[20] – he had possibly met them at school – and with mandarins in the ministry of finance in St Petersburg, in an attempt to bring them round to his macro-economic pragmatism.[13] He was able to follow major international events like the European scramble for Africa, discussed at the Berlin Conference 1884-5, which elicited a polemical pamphlet from him in 1890.[21] Through church and family connections, he was able to make a rare visit to France and attend the 1890 Paris Antislavery Conference convened by

Cardinal Lavigerie.[22] At its conclusion he produced his text "l'Esclavage Africain", lobbying for an African Central Bank as a means of combatting slavery by enabling the trade in natural resources to replace the trade in human beings: an economic solution to a moral and social evil.[23]
[24]

The Polish historian Radosław Żurawski vel Grajewski makes a case for Korwin Szymanowski benefiting greatly from the presence and contacts in Paris of his wife's uncle, the émigré activist and musician, Théodore Jełowicki (1828–1905). He would have been in a position to facilitate the publication of Korwin Szymanowski's work.[11]


Poetical works

Only two poetical works by Korwin Szymanowski are extant, both written in Polish; one published in Paris and the other in Kiev. They are allegorical works in marked contrast to his economic and political polemics, drawing on his religious preoccupations yet informed by his personal dilemmas and those of his nation deprived of statehood for over a century. The first work concerns the history of the world and the creation of

angels and the fall of some of them.[25] The second work tells the heroic story of a Ruthenian princess, Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill, who was declared a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church in 1983. His subtext seemed to be that Christian denominations, especially Roman Catholic and Russian Orthodox should cooperate in the face of perceived common threats.[26]

Despite falling on hard times, Korwin Szymanowski maintained a constructive outlook throughout his written work. He died at the relatively young age of 55 in abject poverty and was buried in Kiev. His grave has not survived.[27]

Publications

Note: The modern Polish spelling of the author's surname is hyphenated, which is how it appears in the 2015 edition of his work on Europe.

in French

  • L’avenir économique, social et politique en Europe, Ed. H. Marot, Paris 1885/8
  • Korwin-Szymanowski, Teodor (2015). L'avenir économique, social et politique en Europe in French-Polish Parallel Text. Edited with notes and postface by Radosław Żurawski vel Grajewski.
    ISBN 978-83-63743-22-2
    .
  • A propos de la conférence de Berlin, Ed. Bourdarie, Paris 1890
  • Conférence Internationale Douanière, Ed. Bourdarie, Paris 1890
  • Conférence Internationale sur les Réformes Parlementaires, Ed. A. Reiff, Paris 1890
  • L'Esclavage Africain, Ed. A. Reiff, Paris 1891

in Polish

See also

References

  1. OCLC 609911661
    . Retrieved 29 June 2016. p. 360.
  2. ISBN 3-518-41621-9
    p. 19.
  3. ISBN 978-0-7146-2775-5
    p. 2997.
  4. ISBN 978-83-7099-145-6, vol.3 Appendix p.198, loose genealogical table of Szymanowski ancestry: Theodore's and Karol Szymanowski
    's common ancestors are Maciej Michał Szymanowski and Anna Łuszczewska.
  5. ^ "Obituary – from the Tablet Archive". Archive.thetablet.co.uk. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
  6. ISBN 978-83-60998-41-0
    p. 32.
  7. ^ Viansson-Ponté, L. (1897). Les Jésuites à Metz : Collège Saint-Louis, 1622–1762, Collège Saint Clément, 1852–1872. p. 426.
  8. ^ Ściborski, XJ, ed. (1898). "Konstanty Ireneusz Pomian hr. Łubieński, Biskup Sejneński Napisał". X.J. Ścieborski. p. 178.
  9. ISBN 0-19-925340-4
    , see vol. 2 p. 141.
  10. ^ TK-S 2015, p. 60.
  11. ^ a b TK-S 2015, p. 61.
  12. ^ TK-S 2015, pp. 58–9.
  13. ^ a b Korwin Szymanowski, Théodore de, (1885/8) L'avenir économique, social et politique en Europe, Paris: Ed. H. Marot.
  14. ^ TK-S 2015, p. 7.
  15. ISBN 978-2011785671
  16. ^ Korwin Szymanowski, Théodore de (1890). Conférence Internationale Douanière, Paris: Ed. Bourdarie.
  17. ^ TK-S 2015, p. 41.
  18. ^ a b TK-S 2015, p. 68.
  19. ISBN 978-1-1385-9829-4
    .
  20. Korwin Szymanowski, Théodore de (1890). A propos de la conférence de Berlin
    . Éd. Bourdarie. pp. 19–24. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  21. Korwin Szymanowski, Théodore de (1890). A propos de la conférence de Berlin
    . Éd. Bourdarie. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  22. BnF
    Gallica. [consulted 2015-10-21]. À la direction générale de l'œuvre antiesclavagiste.
  23. Korwin Szymanowski, Théodore de (1891). L'esclavage africain
    . Éd. Adolphe Reiff. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  24. ISBN 978-0-714-62775-5
    . no. 2997.
  25. ^ Korwin Szymanowski, Teodor, (1890). Historya świata część 1sza – Stworzenie Aniołów, Paris: Ed. A. Reiff.
  26. MSZ
    .
  27. ^ TK-S 2015, p. 63.

Further reading

  • Szaruga Leszek. (2020) "European dreams" in Forum akademickie. (in Polish)

https://miesiecznik.forumakademickie.pl/czasopisma/fa-11-2020/europejskie-sny%E2%80%A9/

  • Westlake, Martin. (2020) "Europe’s Dystopian Futures: Perspectives on Emerging European Dystopian Visions and Their Implications". Review of European Studies; Vol. 12, No.4; 2020 ISSN 1918-7173 E-ISSN 1918-7181 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education.

External links

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