Tropical Storm Melissa (2019)

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Tropical Storm Melissa
Mid-Atlantic States, New England, Atlantic Canada
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Part of the 2019 Atlantic hurricane season

Tropical Storm Melissa was a

tropical storm that affected portions of the U.S. East Coast and Atlantic Canada in October 2019. The fourteenth depression and thirteenth named storm of the 2019 Atlantic hurricane season, Melissa originated from a cold front that developed over the southwestern Atlantic
on October 6. The system developed tropical storm-force winds on October 8, before becoming a nor'easter on the next day. The system then began to organize, and was designated as Subtropical Storm Melissa on October 11. Melissa was then upgraded into a tropical storm, the following day. However, the storm soon began to disorganize and transition into an extratropical low by October 14, before dissipating later that same day.

The storm and its precursor brought strong winds, heavy rainfall, rough surf, and

USD
). As the storm moved out to sea, high winds and power outages were reported in Nova Scotia. No fatalities were reported in association with Melissa.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On October 6, a

Nantucket, Massachusetts. It was designated as a subtropical cyclone due to its large radius of gale-force winds and its association with an upper-level low.[1]

Melissa continued to meander offshore New England for the next 36 hours, as deep convection waned and sustained winds decreased.[1][2] The next day, convection began to increase near the center of the storm.[3] At 12:00 UTC that same day, Melissa was upgraded into a tropical storm after the storm’s gale-force wind field significantly contracted while located about 265 miles (425 km) south-southeast of Nantucket.[1] However just a few hours later, westerly wind shear began to degrade convection from the western side of the storm.[4] By 9:00 UTC on October 13, deep convection had become separated from the low-level center, and the structure of the system became disorganized.[5]

Despite this, convection began to increase once more, after Melissa moved into more favorable conditions. At this time, the storm also began to accelerate to the east-northeast, around the northern periphery of the

Cape Race, Newfoundland. Just 6 hours later, the circulation of the low opened up, and the system dissipated shortly afterwards.[1]

Preparations and impact

New England

Melissa as a tropical storm over the open Atlantic on October 12

Melissa brought high winds and heavy rainfall to portions of

USD).[20]

In

USD), with $900 in Rhode Island.[20][25]

Elsewhere

Melissa brought widespread coastal flooding to

Dewey Beach.[28][29] Large waves were also recorded in parts of coastal New York.[30]

Melissa caused stormy weather in Nova Scotia between October 11–12. Wind gusts between 50–55 mph (80–90 km/h) were reported in the southwestern part of the province. Roughly 3,000 customers of Nova Scotia Power lost electricity. Strong winds forced a cruise ship to be diverted from Halifax to Sydney.[31]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Robbie Berg (December 31, 2019). "Tropical Cyclone Report - Tropical Storm Melissa" (PDF). nhc.noaa.gov. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
  2. ^ Robbie Berg (October 12, 2019). "Subtropical Storm Melissa Discussion Number 3". nhc.noaa.gov. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  3. ^ John Cangialosi (October 12, 2019). "Subtropical Storm Melissa Discussion Number 4". nhc.noaa.gov. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  4. ^ "Tropical Storm Melissa Discussion Number 6". nhc.noaa.gov. National Hurricane Center. October 12, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  5. ^ John Cangialosi (October 13, 2019). "Tropical Storm Melissa Discussion Number 8". nhc.noaa.gov. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  6. ^ Stacy Stewart (October 13, 2019). "Tropical Storm Melissa Discussion Number 9". nhc.noaa.gov. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  7. ^ Stacy Stewart (October 13, 2019). "Tropical Storm Melissa Discussion Number 10". nhc.noaa.gov. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  8. ^ Daniel Brown (October 14, 2019). "Tropical Storm Melissa Discussion Number 11". nhc.noaa.gov. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  9. ^ Matthew Cappucci (October 11, 2019). "Subtropical Storm Melissa named as hybrid nor'easter continues to lash coastal New England". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
  10. ^ "Storm Events Database — Strong Wind In Bridgewater, Massachusetts". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 10, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  11. ^ "Storm Events Database - Strong Wind In New Bedford, Massachusetts". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 11, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  12. ^ "Storm Events Database — Strong Wind In Eastern Essex". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Data. October 10, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  13. ^ "Storm Events Database In Western Norfolk, Massachusetts". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 10, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  14. ^ "Storm Events Database - Strong Wind In Eastern Essex". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 10, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  15. ^ "Storm Events Database — High Wind In Barnstable, Massachusetts". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 10, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  16. ^ "Storm Events Database — High Wind In Barnstable, Massachusetts". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 11, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  17. ^ "Storm Events Database — Strong Wind In Northern Bristol, Massachusetts". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 11, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  18. ^ "Storm Events Database — Strong Wind In Southern Bristol, Massachusetts". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 10, 2019. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
  19. ^ "Storm Events Database — Coastal Flood In Nantucket, Massachusetts". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 11, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  20. ^ a b "Massachusetts Event Reports for October 9–12, 2019". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  21. ^ "Storm Events Database — High Wind In Block Island". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 10, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  22. ^ "Storm Events Database — Strong Wind In Eastern Kent, Rhode Island". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 10, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  23. ^ "Storm Events Database — Strong Wind In Newport, Rhode Island". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 10, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  24. ^ "Storm Events Database — Coastal Flood in Southern Fairfield, Connecticut". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. October 11, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  25. ^ "Rhode Island Event Reports for October 9–12, 2019". ncdc.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  26. ^ Katherine Scott (October 11, 2019). "Storm off the coast causes flooding at Jersey Shore". 6abc.com. 6abc Philadelphia. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  27. ^ "Tropical Storm Melissa Brought Coastal Flooding, Beach Erosion, Rough Surf and Rip Currents to the Eastern Seaboard". weather.com. The Weather Channel. October 13, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  28. ^ Mallory Metzner (October 11, 2019). "Nor'easter Causes Bethany Beach Erosion". WBOC-TV. Salisbury, Maryland. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  29. ^ Spencer Tracy (October 11, 2019). "Coastal Flooding Impacts Dewey Beach". WBOC-TV. Salisbury, Maryland. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  30. ^ Charlie Hutcherson (October 11, 2019). "October Surprise: Nor'easter Turns Subtropical Storm Melissa". surfline.com. Surfline. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  31. ^ "Subtropical Storm Melissa causes Maritime power outages". atlantic.ctvnews.ca. CTV News. October 12, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021.

External links

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