Ukrainian Front (1919)
| Ukrainian Front | |
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| Український фронт | |
Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko |
The Ukrainian Front, formerly the Army Group of Kursk Direction, was a Red Army group (later front) during the Russian Civil War, which existed between January and June 1919. The army group was created to invade Ukraine after the withdrawal of the Austrian-German occupation force in November 1918 and to fight the Ukrainian People's Republic, as well as the troops of the Entente which had landed on the Black Sea coast.
The army group was primarily based on two insurgent divisions that were created on September 22, 1918, by the order #6 of
Army Group of Kursk Direction
On November 17, 1918, the Revolutionary Military Council consisting of
The
Military operations
On November 28, 1918, the All-Ukrainian Central Military Revolutionary Committee was transformed into the
On December 13, 1918, the 1st Insurgency Division took
After the withdrawal of the German forces from the borders, the 2nd Insurgent Division occupied Belgorod on December 21, 1918, and started to advance on Kharkiv. On December 28–30, 1918, the Ukrainian People's Army managed to halt their advance near Grayvoron and Kozacha Lopan. On January 2, 1919, Bolsheviks organized an uprising in Kharkiv. The local council of German soldiers supported the uprising and gave the Ukrainian forces an ultimatum to leave the city. On January 3, 1919, the Red Army occupied Kharkiv. The next day, the Army Group of Kursk Direction was reformed into the Ukrainian Front.
Ukrainian Front
In November 1918 the White Russian Volunteer Army was in a strong position after it successfully secured the territory of Northern Caucasus and Kuban, as well as being supported by the Allied landings in Southern Ukraine.
After the formation of the Ukrainian Front on January 4, 1919, the Ukrainian Revolutionary Military Council consisted of Antonov, Kotsiubynsky, and Shchadenko. On January 13, 1919, as part of the Front the Army Group of Kharkiv Direction was created, which was based on the
On April 15, 1919, all army groups were transformed into armies:
- 1st Ukrainian Soviet Army,
- 2nd Ukrainian Soviet Army,
- 3rd Ukrainian Soviet Army,
- Crimean Soviet Army.
On April 27, 1919 the
In June, the 1st Ukrainian and 3rd Ukrainian armies were transformed into the 12th Army and transferred to the Western Front.
The Crimean Soviet Army also joined the 14th Army at the Southern Front on June 4, 1919. On July 21, 1919 the Crimean Soviet Army was dissolved and transformed into the Crimean Rifle Division which in six days was renamed again into the 58th Rifle Division.
The Ukrainian front was abolished on June 15, 1919.[2]
Commanders
Commander
- Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko(4 January 1919 - 15 June 1919)
Members of the Revolutionary Military Council
- N.P. Vishnevetsky
- Yuriy Kotsiubynsky
- E.A. Shchadenko
- Andrei Bubnov
- S.M. Savitsky
Chief of staff
- Vasily Glagolev (4 January 1919 - 2 May 1919)
- A. I. Davydov (2 May 1919 - 12 May 1919)
- E. I. Babin (12 May 1919 - 15 June 1919)
References
External links
| Main fronts | |
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| Local fronts |
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