User:Pdeitiker/Arachidonate sensitivity

Sensitivity Arachidonic Acid

Arachidonate (commonly called

LDL and HDL account for at least some of the inhibition of AA metabolism produced by plasma.[2]

Inflammatory disease

Rheumatoid Arthritis

In

In breast cancer, tesmilifene, a drug that augments the effect of doxorubicin, was postulated to modulate the intracellular concentration of the arachidonate product HETE, which is implicated cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. [6]

Prostate issues

Diets high in omega-6 fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of bone metastasis from prostate carces (PCa). ^[7] Arachidonate is a potent

Clotting abnormalities

Animal Feeding Controversy

A major concern for the adverse health effects of

Feedlot deprivation

In feedlot 'finished' cattle, animals are deprived of vegetation (grass leaves, stems) and fed a large proportion of the diet in seeds low in ω3L, high in starch and ω6L. In the western US, the primary feed grain is dried yellow corn. These seeds have been selected for high starch content but have no ω3L. A common practice is to finish animals for a 4 month period which generally results in a higher risk of infection requiring antibiotic supplimentation. The commonly eaten parts of these animals become depleted ω3-fats, whereas the amount of ω6A stored in muscle fat increases. The Union of Concerned Scientists advocates a reduction of feedlotting of cattle.^[10] A recent review of literature concluded that range-fed cattle were healthier at the time of slaughter, needed fewer antibiotics and had higher levels of omega-3 fats than lot fed cattle.^[11] Of course this study also reflects the agenda of UCS toward environmental concerns of feedlots.

serum cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins in humans. High cholesterol levels inhibit the degradation of ω6L and ω6A.^[2]

Replacement meats

In markets where the majority of beef is feedlot-finished, there are comparable replacements such as buffalo-meat (

grass-fed). However, these products such as 'grass-fed' beef and buffalo can demand a premium price. Other animals such as turkey and chicken have higher levels of ω3-fats relative to ω6A and can be used as protein source. Wild boar, a pest species in many areas, may have no-limit on hunting and is also a good source of lean red-meat. Less comparable replacements are fish and shellfish. The highest content of ω3-fats to ω6A can be found in cold or deep-water fishes (salmon, atlantic cod), shellfish (winter oysters, New Zealand Clam), and krill. While plant sources like flax seed have abundant ω3L, the oil is not as readily absorbed as oil from fish, much of which is converted into biologically useful form. The increase in ω3-fats is not so affective at blocking arachidonic acid as it is in regulating ω6L conversion to ω6A. Therefore it may be affective at preventing sensitivity at lower levels of dietary ω6A, there may be a limit of effect in adding ω3-fats to the diet, in very sensitive individuals requiring the elimination of graxing land mammals from the diet.

culture and Western European Mesolithic

Arachidonate is an essential fatty acid (EFA), however, unlike other EFAs, it does not always need to be derived from the diet, since arachidonate is synthesized from linoleic acid. In strict herbivores all arachidonate is made in the body, whereas in strict carnivores, all arachidonate comes from the diet. In omnivores the level of arachidonic acid that is made depends on arachidonate in food, the availability of linoleic acid, and the genetic regulation of synthesis. The genetics of arachidonate sensitivity has not been well defined in people. However, people settled around the world the evolved toward and adapted to new diets.^[12] In certain regions of the world, such as pre-Neolithic Western Europe, maritime food sources such as oysters were a constant and majority component of the diet, exposure to arachidonic acid was relatively low compared to omega-3 fats.^[13] The content of this diet is confirmed in human remains by carbon isotope analysis, in many areas ancient Atlantic coastal dwellers ate an almost exclusively seafood diet. Many cultures, such as Inuit, Norwegian, Japanese have continue to use cold water fish as a source of dietary fat until modern times.

In Mesoamerica, the diet was rich in plant sources (no arachidonic acid), fish, insects and very little range-fed animals. The midden studies from the Americas suggest that shellfish and fish consumption was a common diet in coastal, river and lake cultures. Cooperative agriculture of squash, corn and beans