Várhegy
Castle Hill
Várhegy | |
---|---|
Etymology: Castle Hill | |
Coordinates: 47°30′10″N 19°01′54″E / 47.5028°N 19.0317°E | |
Country | Hungary |
City | Budapest |
Castle Hill (
Background
The hill rises to a height of 175 metres (574 ft)
The hill is mainly composed of
The Castle Quarter (Várnegyed) refers to the area located within the defensive walls and bastions of the Buda Castle complex, corresponding with the medieval royal city of Buda. It is the oldest part of Budapest and the center of the quarter lies between the Royal Palace and the Matthias Church.[4][5]
History
All Hungarian kings have added something to the fort or the palace. King Béla IV built the first fort on Castle Hill between 1247 and 1265 after a first Mongol invasion of Hungary in 1242.[6] Béla surrounded the settlement with fortified walls. The neighborhood grew with Hungarians and Germans, and the first royal palace was built.[7]
During the first half of the 14th century Stephen's Tower was built, named after Stephen, son of Charles I. Prince Stephen's brother, who later became King Louis I, relocated his seat from Visegrád to Buda in 1347 and began construction of the royal palace and its defense system, which lasted two centuries. Louis's buildings were located north of Stephen's Tower, and his palace overlooked the Danube.[8]
When he was Holy Roman Emperor, Sigismund enlarged the palace and strengthened its fortifications. Construction on the Fresh Palace (Hungarian: Friss-palota) began in the 1410s and was largely finished in the 1420s, although some minor works continued until the death of Sigismund in 1437.[9]
In 1458,
With the expulsion of the Ottomans, reconstruction of the castle began and would continue for the next 150 years. Construction accelerated during the reign of Maria Theresa at the request of the Hungarian nobility. After the 1867 Austro-Hungarian pact, there was a need for a representative royal palace in Buda.[12] In 1881 architect Miklós Ybl was commissioned to rebuild the palace.[13]
Gallery
References
- ^ "Castle Hill (Várhegy)". US News. October 29, 2020.
- .
- ^ "Visszavette az állam a Budavári Labirintust" (in Hungarian). July 29, 2011. Archived from the original on June 23, 2017. Retrieved January 27, 2018.
- ^ "Budapest's Castle Hill". Michelin Travel. December 15, 2017.
- ^ Magyar, Károly. "The Royal Palace of Buda". budavar.btk.mta.hu.
- ^ Pow, Stephen (May 2019). Hungary's Castle Defense Strategy in the Aftermath of the Mongol Invasion (1241-1242). Vol. 13. Institute of Archaeology Zagreb, Croatia. pp. 239–250.
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ignored (help) - ^ Végh, András. "The History of Buda to 1541". budavar.btk.mta.hu.
- ^ Veszprémy, László [in Hungarian]. "Buda és Pest legkorábbi ostromai a kezdetektől 1542-ig" (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on May 4, 2009.
- ^ Csocsán de Várallja, Eugene. THE HUNGARIAN MONARCHY AND THE EUROPEAN RENAISSANCE (PDF). Corvinus Library |Hungarian History.
- ISBN 9780595329922.
- ISBN 9780465020812.
- ^ "The History of the Site". The Castle of Buda.
- ^ "Ybl Miklós the Architect". Óbuda University.