Wuhanic acid

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Wuhanic acid
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
(7R,15Z,18R,21Z)-7,18-Dihydroxytetracosa-15,21-dienoic acid
Other names
7,18-di-OH-24:2-delta-15c,21c
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ChEBI
  • InChI=1S/C24H44O4/c1-2-3-4-12-17-22(25)18-13-9-7-5-6-8-10-14-19-23(26)20-15-11-16-21-24(27)28/h3-4,9,13,22-23,25-26H,2,5-8,10-12,14-21H2,1H3,(H,27,28)/b4-3-,13-9-/t22-,23-/m1/s1
    Key: MYDDZMLKINSENR-TZWOSKRLSA-N
  • CC\C=C/CC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC(O)=O
Properties
C24H44O4
Molar mass 396.612 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Wuhanic acid ((7R,15Z,18R,21Z)-7,18-dihydroxytetracosa-15,21-dienoic acid) is a 24-carbon dihydroxy fatty acid with the chemical formula C
24H
44O
4 and molecular weight 396.6 g/mol.[1][2][3]

Wuhanic acid was identified, along with nebraskanic acid, as a major fatty acid of the seed oil of Chinese violet cress (Orychophragmus violaceus L. O.E.Schulz).[4] Wuhanic acid was named in honor of the location of its co-discoverer Chunyu Zhang, a professor in the National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology at Huazhong Agricultural University in Wuhan, Hubei, China.[4]

Chinese violet cress flowers and seeds, the source of wuhanic acid rich-oil.

Biosynthesis

Wuhanic acid is believed to arise in part from a "discontinuous elongation" pathway as described for

FAE1 β-ketoacyl-CoA synthetase. This elongation of the 3-OH intermediate prior to the completion of a full fatty acid elongation cycle was termed discontinuous elongation.[4] This fatty acid undergoes a subsequent complete elongation cycle to form the C24 7,18 dihydroxy fatty acid nebraskanic acid.[4] The omega-3 double bond is believed to be introduced during wuhanic acid biosynthesis by a FAD3 ω-3 fatty acid desaturase.[4]

Functionality

Chinese violet cress oil contains 35% to 50% of the C24 dihydroxy fatty acids wuhanic and nebraskanic acids. This oil was shown to have superior lubricity at 100 °C in metal-on-metal lubrication studies compared to

coefficient of friction
relative to castor oil. The unique functionality of Chinese violet cress oil was speculated to result from fatty acids binding to the hydroxyl groups of wuhanic and nebraskanic acids in triacylglycerols to form complex estolides.

References

  1. ^ "PlantFAdb: 7,18-di-OH-24:2-delta-15c,21c; Wuhanic acid; (7R,15Z,18R,21Z)-7,18-dihydroxytetracosa-15,21-dienoic acid; 7,18-Dihydroxy-15,21-tetracosedienoic acid, (15Z,21Z)-". plantfadb.org.
  2. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information
    . Retrieved 2019-03-30.
  3. ^ "Fig. 3a, b Hydroxy fatty acid contents of seeds from individual..." ResearchGate. Retrieved 2019-03-30.
  4. ^
    S2CID 52095084
    .
  5. ^ Wenz, John (27 August 2018). "This Purple Plant Has a Secret That Could Replace Synthetic Engine Oil". Popular Mechanics.
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