xmonad

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
xmonad
Original author(s)Spencer Janssen, Don Stewart, Jason Creighton
Initial releaseMarch 6, 2007; 17 years ago (2007-03-06)[1]
Stable release
0.18.0[2] Edit this on Wikidata / 3 February 2024
Repository
Written in
Cross-platform; requires an X Window System and GHC
Size56 KB (source code)[3]
Available inEnglish
TypeWindow manager
LicenseBSD 3-clause
Websitexmonad.org Edit this on Wikidata
xmonad's Xinerama support: tiling on three screens simultaneously.
xmonad in tiling mode

xmonad is a dynamic window manager (tiling) for the X Window System, noted for being written in the functional programming language Haskell.[4][5]

Window manager

Begun in March 2007, version 0.1 was announced

Linux distributions, and Berkeley Software Distribution
(BSD) systems.

While originally a clone of dwm (derivative in areas such as default keybindings), xmonad now supports features not available to dwm users[8][9] such as per-workspace layout, tiling reflection, state preservation, layout mirroring, GNOME support and per-screen status bars; it can be customised by modifying an external configuration file and 'reloaded' while running.[10] xmonad features have begun to influence other tiling window managers: dwm has borrowed "urgency hooks" from xmonad,[11] has also included Xinerama support (for multihead displays) with release 4.8, and patches exist to reimplement xmonad's Fibonacci layout.[12]

Haskell project

Main article: Haskell

In 2023 the

automated testing. A benefit of this is that the code is simple to understand, and easy to modify.[13]

Since xmonad's inception, when its small code size of 500 lines of code was advertised, it has grown to ca. 2000 lines in 2023.

Extensions to the core system, including emulation of other window managers, and unusual layout algorithms, such as window

Fibonacci spiral—have been implemented by the active community[14] and are available as a library.[15]

Along with obviating the need for a mouse,[16] the xmonad developers make heavy use of semi-formal methods and program derivation for improving reliability and enabling a total line of code count less than 1200, as of version 0.7; window manager properties (such as the behavior of window focus) are checked through use of QuickCheck.[17] This emphasis makes xmonad unusual in a number of ways; besides being the first window manager written in Haskell, it is also the first to use the zipper data structure for automatically managing focus, and its core has been proven to be safe with respect to pattern matches,[18] contributing further to reliability. The developers write:

xmonad is a tiling window manager for the X Window system, implemented, configured and dynamically extensible in Haskell. This demonstration presents the case that software dominated by side effects can be developed with the precision and efficiency we expect from Haskell by utilising purely functional data structures, an expressive type system, extended static checking and property-based testing. In addition, we describe the use of Haskell as an application configuration and extension language.[19]

The code is separated into side-effect free code, and a thin wrapper for the side-effects.

domain-specific languages for actions in Haskell applications and libraries: "developing a combinator library" or "rolling your own monad", with xmonad being a successful example of the latter.[21]
xmonad was regarded as one of the most well known Haskell projects in a 2013 functional programming book.[5]

Reception

Network World,[4] and in MakeUseOf xmonad was reviewed positively compared to Openbox.[26]

In 2016

opensource.com on the other hand, dwm was chosen over xmonad.[29] A TechRadar review of the "Best Linux desktop of 2018" said "If there's one desktop environment that stands out from all the others we have here, it's this one."[30]

Due to the small number of lines of code of the Xmonad application, the use of the

package management relating to the NixOS linux distribution.[33]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Initial import: xmonad/xmonad@b2c1430". GitHub.
  2. ^ "Release 0.18.0". 3 February 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
  3. ^ "xmonad: download". suckless.org. Archived from the original on 2012-12-26. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  4. ^
    Network World. xmonad. Archived from the original
    on 26 May 2018.
  5. ^
    ISBN 978-3868993691
    – via Google Books.
  6. ^ Janssen, Spencer (2007-04-22). "Announce: xmonad 0.1". Haskell-cafe (Mailing list). Archived from the original on 2021-08-30. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
  7. ^ "Xmonad: a Tiling Window Manager Written in Haskell". OSNews. 2007-05-22. Archived from the original on 2008-04-11. Retrieved 2007-09-23.
  8. ^ "Keyboard-Driven Environments Open a New Window". OSNews. 2007-05-31. Archived from the original on 2007-06-04. Retrieved 2007-05-31.
  9. ^ "xmonad 0.4 Released". OSNews. 2007-10-19. Archived from the original on 2007-12-22. Retrieved 2007-12-23.
  10. execing the new xmonad binary; see "Haskell Weekly News: April 27, 2007". Haskell Weekly News. 2007-04-27. Archived from the original
    on 2007-05-29. Retrieved 2007-05-23.
  11. ^ See the developer discussion Archived 2018-09-18 at the Wayback Machine on the dwm mailing list
  12. ^ Suckless.org: Fibonacci layouts patch Archived 2013-04-13 at the Wayback Machine to dwm
  13. ^ "Manpage of xmonad". xmonad.org. 2021-10-27. Archived from the original on 2023-08-13. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
  14. Internet Relay Chat (IRC) channel and the xmonad mailing list; also, there are many commits to the extension library from non-core devs (see the xmonad statistic page Archived 2007-12-23 at the Wayback Machine
    )
  15. ^ "xmonad: Contributed code". xmonad.org. 2007-05-22. Archived from the original on 2007-09-16. Retrieved 2007-05-23.
  16. ^ Mitchell, Neil (June 2008). "6.5.5". Transformation and Analysis (PDF) (PhD). University of York. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  17. ISSN 2095-5138. Archived
    (PDF) from the original on 2018-07-23. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  18. ^ Mitchell, Neil (9 May 2007). "Neil Mitchell's Haskell Blog: Does XMonad crash?". Archived from the original on 2007-05-14. Retrieved 2007-05-17.
  19. ^ Stewart & Janssen, 2007
  20. ISBN 978-0596515171. Archived
    from the original on 2018-09-19. Retrieved 2018-09-18.
  21. ISBN 9781430262510. Archived
    from the original on 2018-09-24. Retrieved 2018-09-24 – via Google Books.
  22. ^ Zawodny, Jeremy (2009-12-06). "My Top Resources of 2009". Linux Magazine. Archived from the original on 2018-09-23. Retrieved 2018-09-23.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  23. ^ Hoffman, Chris (2012-05-24). "How to Use Xmonad, a Tiling Window Manager for Linux". How-To Geek. Archived from the original on 2018-09-18. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  24. ^ Hoffman, Chris (2013-05-18). "Linux Users Have a Choice: 8 Linux Desktop Environments". How-To Geek. Archived from the original on 2017-07-13. Retrieved 2018-09-24.
  25. Univision Communications. Archived
    from the original on 2018-09-18. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  26. ^ Stieben, Danny (2018-09-18). "Need A Fresh Desktop Environment for Linux? Try Openbox Or xmonad". makeuseof.com. Archived from the original on 2017-11-23. Retrieved 2018-09-24.
  27. ^ "Mint 18 review: "Just works" Linux doesn't get any better than this". Ars Technica. 2016-08-04. Archived from the original on 2018-09-17. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  28. ISBN 978-1484227800
    – via Amazon.
  29. Opensource.com. Red Hat. 2017-07-18. Archived
    from the original on 2018-09-18. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  30. ^ "Best Linux desktop of 2018". TechRadar. Future plc. 2018-01-15. Archived from the original on 2018-09-18. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  31. ISBN 978-1-4503-1574-6
    .
  32. ^ Lippmeier, Ben (May 2010). Type Inference and Optimisation for an Impure World (PDF) (PhD). Australian National University. pp. 45–46. Archived from the original on 2018-09-27.{{cite thesis}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  33. ISSN 0956-7968
    .

Works cited

Further reading

External links

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