Yitzhak Navon

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For the railway station, see Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station.
Yitzhak Navon
יצחק נבון
Navon in 1965
5th President of Israel
In office
29 May 1978 – 5 May 1983
Prime MinisterMenachem Begin
Preceded byEphraim Katzir
Succeeded byChaim Herzog
Member of the Knesset
In office
13 August 1984 – 13 July 1992
In office
22 November 1965 – 18 April 1978
Personal details
Born(1921-04-09)9 April 1921
Alignment
Spouse(s)Ofira Resnikov (1963–93, her death)
Miri Shafir (2008–15, his death)
Children2
ProfessionAuthor
Signature

Yitzhak Rachamim Navon (

Sephardi Jew
to serve in that office.

Biography

Yitzhak Navon (left) and his brother Victor in Jerusalem, 1929

Navon was born in

Baruch Mizrahi family immigrated from Turkey to Jerusalem in 1670. On his mother's side, he was descended from the renowned Moroccan-Jewish kabbalist rabbi Chaim ibn Attar, who immigrated to Israel
and settled in Jerusalem in 1742.

In 1924, the Navon family moved from Jaffa Road to the Ohel Moshe neighbourhood in

Nachlaot. In 1932, they moved to Sheikh Badr near the western entrance to Jerusalem, relocating to Mekor Baruch in 1936.[2]

He attended the Doresh Tziyon and Takhemoni elementary schools and the Hebrew University high school.[1]

Navon studied Arabic and Islamic studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He taught Hebrew literature for several years. He was fluent in Arabic, Hebrew, Ladino, French and English.

Navon was a member of the

Nazis
.

Navon was married to Ofira Navon née Resnikov, who died of cancer in 1993. They had a son, Erez, and an adopted daughter, Naama. Navon died in Jerusalem at the age of 94 on 6 November, 2015.[3][1]

Yitzhak Navon with his family, 1934

Political career

Navon with his wife Ofira and David Ben-Gurion

In 1951, Navon became the political secretary of Israel's first prime minister, David Ben-Gurion. The following year he was appointed Ben-Gurion's bureau chief. He remained in this position under Prime Minister Moshe Sharett. His judgment was crucial to advice the government received during the Suez Crisis and Lavon Affair.

In 1963 Ben-Gurion resigned as

Alignment) in 1968.[4] But the labour elite of which Navon was one, would in the future dictate the Left's agenda. Navon served as deputy speaker of the Knesset and chairman of the Knesset Committee on Foreign and Defense Affairs
.

President of Israel (1978–83)

On 19 April 1978, Navon was elected by the Knesset to serve as the fifth President of Israel. The race was uncontested and Navon received 86 votes in the 120-member Knesset with 23 members casting blank votes. He assumed office on 29 May 1978 and was the first president with small children to move into Beit HaNassi, the presidential residence in Jerusalem. His wife, Ofira, was active in promoting the welfare of Israeli children.

President Yitzhak Navon lighting Hanukkah menorah

As a president, Navon met with Egyptian president Anwar Sadat and was influential in the peace talks. According to Haaretz newspaper, he achieved more in one visit than five by Israel's Prime Minister.

Although the Israeli presidency is a ceremonial office, Navon was an outspoken advocate of a judicial commission of inquiry to probe Israel's role in the Sabra and Shatila massacre perpetrated by Lebanese Falangists in 1982.

Minister of education

In 1983, Navon turned down the opportunity to run for a second term of office. Instead he returned to politics, the only Israeli ex-president to do so. When the polls showed that Navon was more popular than Labor chairman Shimon Peres, Peres was pressured to step aside and allow Navon to take over the party leadership. Navon's fluency in the Arabic language made him especially popular among Arab and Mizrahi voters. But Navon did not accept the chairmanship. In 1984, he was elected to the Knesset and served as minister of education and culture from 1984 to 1990. Navon was Minister of Education during the first Intifada. During the summer of 1989 there were riots and protests. Jerusalem parents appealed to Navon by petition, to reopen their schools. Navon a socialistic Jew was impressed by the legal implications: "This action is immoral and ineffective and will cause irreversible damage in the long and short run to Palestinian children and to our own." As the violence escalated moderates suffered at the hands of extremists.[5]

Remaining in the Knesset until 1992, he briefly left politics. Navon emerged from retirement to chair a Commission of Inquiry on Israeli medical authorities' controversial practice of discarding blood donated by Israelis of Ethiopian origin due to concerns about

AIDS transmission.[6]

Literary career

The funeral of Yitzhak Navon

Navon wrote two musicals based on Sephardic folklore: Romancero Sefardi (1968) and Bustan Sefardi ("Sephardic Garden" 1970), which were successfully performed at

Habimah, Israel's national theater in Tel Aviv
. He is also the author of The Six Days and the Seven Gates (1979), a modern legend of the
reunification of Jerusalem
, first published in Hebrew by Shikmona Publishing Company and later translated into English.

Awards and recognition

In 2003, the Spanish government granted Navon an award at Herzliya.[1]

The Jerusalem - Yitzchak Navon Station in central Jerusalem, Israel, is named after Navon and honors his history in the country.[7] Shortly before his death,he was placed honorary last 120th spot on the Zionist Union list on 2015 Israeli legislative election.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Aderet, Ofer; Lis, Jonathan (7 November 2015). "Yitzhak Navon, Fifth President of Israel, Dies at 94". Haaretz. Retrieved 8 November 2015.
  2. ^ Timeline: Major events in Yitzhak Navon’s life
  3. ^ Lis, Jonathan (8 November 2015). "Yitzhak Navon, Israel's Fifth President, Laid to Rest at Jerusalem's Mt. Herzl Cemetery". Haaretz.
  4. ISBN 0-552-99545-2
    .
  5. ^ Gilbert (1999), pp. 539–40
  6. ^ Sternoff, Daniel (29 July 1996). "Ethiopian Jews angered over blood dumping probe". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 8 November 2015.
  7. ^ [1]

Bibliography

  • Bar-Zohar, Michael (1978). Ben-Gurion. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
  • Elon, Amos (1971). The Israelis, Founders and Sons. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
  • Shimoni, Yaacov (1991). Biographical Dictionary of the Middle East. New York, Oxford, Sydney: Facts of the File, the Jerusalem Publishing House.
  • Zemach, Shlomo (1945). An Introduction to the History of Labour Settlement in Palestine, Zionist Library. Tel Aviv.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Zweig, Ronald W. (1991). David Ben-Gurion, Politics and Leadership in Israel. London, and Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi, Jerusalem: Frank Cass.

External links

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