Étienne Hastrel de Rivedoux
Étienne d'Hastrel de Rivedoux | |
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Born | 4 February 1766 General of Division |
Battles/wars | French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars |
Awards |
Étienne d'Hastrel de Rivedoux was a general of the First French Empire who fought in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He was born 4 February 1766 at Pointe-aux-Trembles in Quebec, which was then the British colony, Province of Québec, the son of an officer in the French military. His father had served in India during the Seven Years' War, and later in Quebec.
The son of rural nobility, he attended the Royal Military School in Paris as a gentleman-cadet. After his graduation, Hastrel occupied several junior positions. During the
After the
Family
Étienne d'Hastrel descended from a family of rural notables.[2] He was the son of Christophe Claude d'Hastrel of Rivedoux, a second son of the Lord of Rivedoux, Pierre Bruno d'Hastrel. [Note 1] His mother, Marie Anne Lienard de Boisjoly married his father, Christophe Claude d'Hastrel, a gentleman from the
Etienne Hastrel was married twice, first in 1796[4] to his cousin Marie-Josephe d'Hastrel Rivedoux (b. 1767), who died 18 January 1801.[5] He married later to an Alsatian, Louise Zäpffel or Zöpffel, the sister of Henri Jacques Guillaume Clarke. He and his second wife had a son, Adolphe Hastrel de Rivedoux (1805–1875), artillery captain and traveler, but best known as a painter and print maker.[1]
Military career
Étienne d'Hastrel was admitted to the Royal Military School in Paris as a gentleman-cadet, with the rank of
"The reception of the tri-color occasioned a scene of insubordination, which deprived us of several officers and served as a pretext to the revolutionaries to inspire defiance among the soldiers. At the moment when the flag was blessed and given to the battalion, the commander gave the orders to leave the church, but the soldiers would not budge. Stirred up by the youths who had assisted with the ceremony, they declared that they would not leave the old flag to be hung from the church vaults.... We could not enforce our commands....Seeing his authority ignored, the commander left the church and was followed by six or seven other officers. Then Capitaine Sermizelles, who had stayed, took the flag and gave it to the priest to be hung in the church.... [T]he battalion...returned to the barracks in order."[6]
He was promoted to captain with the campaign of the
Promotions[7]
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In 1799, he was appointed to Jean-Baptiste Jourdan's general staff of the Army of the Danube, garrisoned initially in Strasbourg. After crossing the Rhine in early March, the Army engaged Archduke Charles' Austrian troops at the battles of Ostrach and Stockach. Following defeat at Ostrach, the army was reorganized with the Army of Helvetia, under command of André Masséna. Hastrel received a staff appointment in Milan.
François Antoine Louis Bourcier served with Hastrel in the Army of the Danube. In 1800, he described Hastrel to François Nicolas Fririon:
"The talents he has received from nature have been expanded by a careful education. His activities and services as the deputy of the general staff should make him eligible for promotion to a superior rank."[8]
In 1804, Etienne Hastrel became a member of the
As chief of general staff of the Provisional Army of Germany, and later major general (after 1811) he was appointed 13 March 1812 as director-general of military conscription, a position which he held until the peace of 1814.[4]
Bourbon restoration
Louis XVIII named him a Knight of Order of Saint Louis upon the restoration and placed him command of the military of the Vosges in October. During the Hundred Days, Napoleon appointed him as director of the Ministry of War.[4]
In 1816, the King appointed him to various inspector generalships from 1816 to 1823, and he retired in 1825.[11] During the July Revolution of 1830, he was recalled to the general staff, but he retired permanently in 1832. He became a grand officer of the Legion of Honor on 8 May 1835.[4] During his retirement, he wrote his memoires, which were published in 1833.[11]
He died 19 September 1846 at his home in
Sources
Genealogical information
- ^ His paternal great grandparents, Jean-Baptiste Hastrel St-Léger-en-Bray from Picardy and Maria Bruno or Bruneau were married in La Flotte-en-Ré, 24 July 1684.
Pierre Bruno d'Hastrel
Siegneur de RivedouxChristophe Claude d'Hastrel
Captain, Grenadiers
1724–1782Marie Arnaud-Bruneau de Granay (1)
Married July 1684 La Flotte-en-RéEtienne d'Hastrel de Rivedoux Marie Anne Lienard de Boisjoly Unless otherwise noted, see Fournier, Marcel. ^(1) Commission des arts et monuments. Recueil, [s.l] (periodic literature), vol 1-2, pp. 436–438. - ^ Christophe d'Hastrel returned to France around 1766. He died in Pondicherry (India) on 1 July 1782. (in French) Marcel Fournier.
Notes and citations
- ^ a b c d e f g h (in French) Jacques Seynaeve. De Militaires de Toutes Époques: H. Hastrel. Accessed 18 May 2010.
- ^ (in French) Marcel Fournier. Fischier Origine. D'Hastrel/Bruno/Rivedou, Christophe No. 290033. Fédération québécoise des sociétés de généalogie. 199-2010. Accessed 18 May 2010.
- ^ (in French) Louis de La Roque. Catalogue des gentilshommes en 1789 ... Paris, E. Dentu [etc.] 1866, p. 20.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k (in French) A. Lievyns, Jean Maurice Verdot, Pierre Bégat, Fastes de la Légion d'honneur: biographie de tous les décorés accompagnée de l'histoire législative et réglementaire de l'ordre. vol. 5, Bureau de l'administration, 1847, 2e éd.
- ^ (in French) Commission des arts et monuments historiques.Recueil des travaux chimiques des Pays-bas. Paris, 1900, no page.
- ISBN 1-84176-552-X, p. 16.
- ^ a b c Broughton, Tony. "Generals Who Served in the French Army during the Period 1789–1815." Research Subjects: French Generals. Napoleon Series. Robert Burnham, Editor in chief. September 2006. Accessed 18 May 2010.
- ^ (in French) Arthur Chuquet. Wissembourg: 1793. Paris: L. Cerf, 1893, p. 214.
- ^ Ben Cahoon, "French Military Governors of Pomerania." Provinces of Prussia. 2001. Accessed 18 May 2010.
- ISBN 0-306-80757-2, p. 271.
- ^ a b (in French) Guilliuame de Bertioer de Sauvigny et Alfred Fierro. Bibliographie critique des memoires sur la Restauration. Geneve: 1988, p. 135.
- ^ Ministère de l'éducation nationale. Catalogue général des manuscrits des bibliothèques publiques de France, vol. 8. Paris: Librairie Plon, 1886-, vol. 8 p. 369.
Bibliography
- Broughton, Tony. "Generals Who Served in the French Army during the Period 1789–1815." Research Subjects: French Generals. Napoleon Series. Robert Burnham, Editor in chief. September 2006. Accessed 18 May 2010.
- Cahoon, Ben. "French Military Governors of Pomerania." Provinces of Prussia. 2001. Accessed 18 May 2010.
- (in French) Commission des arts et monuments historiques. Recueil des travaux chimiques des Pays-bas. Paris, 1900, no page.
- Crowdy, Terry. French revolutionary infantryman 1791–1802. Oxford: Osprey, 2003, ISBN 1-84176-552-X.
- Elting, John. Swords around the throne. New York: Da Capo Press, 1997, ISBN 0-306-80757-2.
- (in French) Fournier, Marcel. Fischier Origine. D'Hastrel/Bruno/Rivedou, Christophe No. 290033. Fédération québécoise des sociétés de généalogie. 199-2010. Accessed 18 May 2010.
- (in French) La Roque, Louis de. Catalogue des gentilshommes en 1789 ... Paris, E. Dentu [etc.] 1866.
- (in French) Lievyns, A. et Jean Maurice Verdot, Pierre Bégat, Fastes de la Légion d'honneur: biographie de tous les décorés accompagnée de l'histoire législative et réglementaire de l'ordre. vol. 5, Bureau de l'administration, 1847, 2e éd.
- Ministère de l'éducation nationale. Catalogue général des manuscrits des bibliothèques publiques de France, vol. 8. Paris: Librairie Plon, 1886-, vol. 8.
- (in French) de Sauvigny, Guilliuame et Alfred Fierro. Bibliographie critique des memoires sur la Restoration. Geneve: 1988,
- (in French) Seynaeve, Jacques. De Militaires de Toutes Époques: H. Hastrel. Accessed 18 May 2010.