Île-de-France tramway Lines 3a and 3b
Île-de-France tramway Line 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Île-de-France tramway Lines 3a and 3b (
The line initially ran in its own section of these boulevards' roadway between the
The lines have been operated by the RATP Group since opening, under the authority of Île-de-France Mobilités. Future operation of lines will become subject to a competitive bidding process in November 2029.[2]
T3a
Île-de-France tramway Line T3a | |||
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standard gauge | |||
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T3a connects
The first section, between Pont du Garigliano and Porte d'Ivry, opened as T3 on 16 December 2006. Work began in early 2009 on a 14.5 kilometres (9.0 mi) extension from
T3b
Île-de-France tramway Line T3b | |||
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standard gauge | |||
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T3b initially connected
A further extension with seven stops towards
History
Timeline
- 16 December 2006: enters service between Pont du Garigliano and Porte d'Ivry under the designation T3.
- 18 June 2008: speed increased from 16 km/h to 18 km/h.
- 15 December 2012: extension from Porte d'Ivry to Porte de Vincennes enters service as Line 3a.
- 15 December 2012: Line 3b starts operation on the extension from Porte de Vincennes to Porte de la Chapelle.
- 24 November 2018: extension of Line 3b from Porte de la Chapelle to Porte d'Asnières—Marguerite Long enters service.
- 5 April 2024: extension of Line 3b from Porte d'Asnières to Porte Dauphine enters service
Little Ring Line
The Little Ring Line (Ligne de la Petite Ceinture) was constructed in order to link the major rail supply routes within the Thiers Fortifications that surrounded Paris. The line was opened in sections between 1852 and 1869, reaching a total length of 32 km (20 mi) and encircling Paris within the boulevards des Maréchaux.
Initially, the line was for the exclusive use of freight traffic, before subsequently opening to passenger traffic. The Ligne d'Auteuil, in contrast, opened to passengers only immediately in 1854, and only opened to freight in 1867. The railway saw a rapid growth in passenger numbers towards the end of the 19th century, especially during the Universal Expositions. However, the inappropriateness of the equipment, consisting of steam locomotives that made the cars hot and uncomfortable, made the line less and less attractive, and it was unable to resist competition from the Métro.
After 1900, passenger numbers saw a constant and relentless fall until, in April 1934, despite several failed attempts to improve the situation, the line permanently closed to passengers, except the Ligne d'Auteuil, which remained open until January 1985. Some months later, in July 1934, the PC Bus Line was created, and was an immediate success.
Freight traffic also disappeared at the start of the 1990s, and most of the line has since been abandoned and split by modern development. The section of the Ligne d'Auteuil between Pereire-Levallois and Avenue Henri-Martin, however, was integrated with RER C of the commuter rail network (Réseau Express Régional).
Rolling stock
The design selected for Line 3 was the Alstom Citadis 402.
The trains were ordered in December 2003 and manufactured in factories at Le Creusot (bogies), Tarbes (electrical and electronic traction), Villeurbanne (electronics), Ornans (motors), with final assembly performed at Aytré, near La Rochelle.
Their design aesthetic was the subject of extensive research by several designers: Régine Charvet-Pello (and designers of his company RCP Design Global) for the general concept, the colorist for Vonnik Hertig upholstery and indoor environment, Emmanuel Fedon and Luc Maillet for exterior trains. The livery of trains is personalised, combining the RATP's traditional jade green with various visual symbols of the city.[5]
Gallery
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Porte des Lilas on Line 3b
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T3 rolling stock at a stop
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Inside the T3 Citadis
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T3b tracks
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Green track at Porte de Chaumont
References
- ^ a b Paris : le tramway jusqu'à porte d'Asnières, c'est parti !, Le Parisien (in French), 23 November 2018
- ^ "The essence of our Group". RATP Group. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
- ^ Ligne 5 du tramway, bientôt sur les rails Archived 19 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
- ^ Projet : Tram ligne 3 b Prolongement Porte d'Asnières > Porte Dauphine, Île-de-France Mobilités (in French), 5 april 2024
- ^ Sensolab drives interior experimentation. Railway Gazette, 08/2007.