Șimleu Silvaniei
Șimleu Silvaniei
Szilágysomlyó | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 47°13′50″N 22°48′00″E / 47.23056°N 22.80000°E | |
Country | Romania |
County | Sălaj |
Government | |
• Mayor (2021–2024) | Mihai-Cristian Lazar[1] |
Area | 62.26 km2 (24.04 sq mi) |
Elevation | 234 m (768 ft) |
Population (2021-12-01)[2] | 13,948 |
• Density | 220/km2 (580/sq mi) |
Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
Postal code | 455300 |
Vehicle reg. | SJ |
Website | www |
Șimleu Silvaniei (Romanian pronunciation: [ʃimˌle.u silˈvani.ej]; Hungarian: Szilágysomlyó, German: Schomlenmarkt) is a town in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania with a population of 13,948 people (2021 census). It is located near the ancient Dacian fortress Dacidava.
Three villages are administered by the town: Bic (Bükk), Cehei (Somlyócsehi), and Pusta (Csehipuszta).
History
Ancient times
Before the Roman conquest of
The centre of an early
Middle Ages
The town was mentioned in 1258 as Wathasomlyowa. The name means "Wata's mountain"; the name Wata is of Old Turkish origin, while somlyowa is an archaic Hungarian word for mountain(side).
The town belonged to the Báthory family, whose ancestral castle stood here. The castle was built by Miklós, voivode of Transylvania in the early 13th century and was first mentioned in 1319. After the Báthory family built a mansion in the town in 1592, the castle became deserted and today lies in ruins.
The
The
From 1876 to 1920, Șimleu Silvaniei was part of the Szilágy County of the Kingdom of Hungary.
The
In 1919, the Simion Bărnuțiu National College, the first Romanian language high school in Sălaj County was founded here, and today the town is home to three high schools.
In 1940, Șimleu Silvaniei, along with the rest of
Since 1997, inside
Holocaust
The Cehei ghetto operated within the town's administrative area. The ghetto was one of the Nazi-era ghettos for European Jews during World War II. It was active in the spring of 1944, following
Population
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1910 | 6,885 | — |
1930 | 7,448 | +8.2% |
1948 | 7,931 | +6.5% |
1956 | 8,560 | +7.9% |
1966 | 12,324 | +44.0% |
1977 | 14,575 | +18.3% |
1992 | 17,642 | +21.0% |
2002 | 17,053 | −3.3% |
2011 | 13,200 | −22.6% |
2021 | 13,948 | +5.7% |
Source: Census data |
At the
Politics
This section needs to be updated.(June 2021) |
2012 election
The Șimleu Silvaniei Council, elected in the
Party | Seats | 2012 Şimleu Silvaniei Council | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 7 | ||||||||
Social Democratic Party | 4 | ||||||||
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania | 3 | ||||||||
National Liberal Party | 2 | ||||||||
People's Party – Dan Diaconescu | 1 |
2008 election
The mayor Septimiu Țurcaș was elected in the second round of
2004 election
The mayor Septimiu Țurcaș was elected for the first time in
Party | Seats | 2004 Şimleu Silvaniei Council | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania | 5 | ||||||
National Liberal Party | 5 | ||||||
Democratic Party | 4 | ||||||
Social Democratic Party | 3 |
Mayors
- József Udvari
- Octavian Guțu (b. February 23, 1946) was elected in 2000.
- Septimiu Țurcaș (b. September 6, 1968) was elected in 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2020.
- Mihai-Cristian Lazar was elected in 2021.
Flora and fauna
Cehei Pond Nature Reserve is a protected area with aquatic vegetation and fauna within the town's administrative area.
Sights to see
- Cehei Pond (18.20 ha)
- Castle ruins
- Báthory mansion (16th century)
- Roman Catholic church (1532)
- Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Wooden Church, Cehei
Notable people
- Liviu Antal (born 1989) a Romanian footballer with 400 club caps.
- Cardinal-deacon and Prince of Transylvaniain 1599.
- Christopher Báthory (1530–1581) voivode of Transylvania from 1576 to 1581.
- Sophia Báthory, (died 1680), notable member of the Somlyó branch of the Báthory family.
- Stephen Báthory (1533–1586) Prince of Transylvania, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1576–1586).[14]
- György Bölöni (1882–1959), Hungarian writer and journalist.
- Zoltan Farmati (1924–2006) a Romanian footballer with 219 club caps and 21 for Romania.
- Elly Gross (born 1929) a Holocaust survivor and public speaker in the United States.
- Gisella Grosz (1875–1942) a Hungarian classical pianist.
- Miklós Nyiszli (1901–1956) a Hungarian prisoner of Jewish heritage at Auschwitz.
- Joe Pasternak (1901–1991) a Hungarian-American film producer in Hollywood.
International relations
Twin towns — sister cities
Șimleu Silvaniei is
Climate
Șimleu Silvaniei has a humid continental climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification).
Climate data for Șimleu Silvaniei | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.1 (35.8) |
4.4 (39.9) |
9.6 (49.3) |
16 (61) |
20.5 (68.9) |
23.7 (74.7) |
25.6 (78.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
20.7 (69.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
9.6 (49.3) |
3.4 (38.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.4 (29.5) |
0.3 (32.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
10.9 (51.6) |
15.6 (60.1) |
19.2 (66.6) |
21 (70) |
21 (70) |
16 (61) |
10.5 (50.9) |
5.4 (41.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
10.3 (50.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
0.1 (32.2) |
5.1 (41.2) |
9.9 (49.8) |
13.6 (56.5) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.5 (59.9) |
11.1 (52.0) |
6.1 (43.0) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
5.6 (42.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 48 (1.9) |
49 (1.9) |
59 (2.3) |
70 (2.8) |
85 (3.3) |
100 (3.9) |
98 (3.9) |
74 (2.9) |
75 (3.0) |
62 (2.4) |
56 (2.2) |
59 (2.3) |
835 (32.8) |
Source: https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/salaj/simleu-silvaniei-15433/ |
Gallery
-
Greek Catholic Church
-
Reformed Church
-
Roman Catholic Church
-
Orthodox Church
-
Central park
-
ASTRA group picture at Notre Dame Church, Șimleu Silvaniei, August 1908
Notes
- ^ "Results of the 2021 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
- ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
- ^ Wanner 2010, p. 102.
- ^ Wanner 2010, pp. 89–90.
- ^ Wanner 2010, p. 79.
- ^ Wanner 2010, p. 90.
- ^ Bărbulescu 2005, pp. 190–191.
- ^ Bóna 1994, p. 77.
- ^ Scurt istoric al Vicariatului Silvaniei
- ^ Șimleu Silvaniei
- ^ 2002 Census
- ^ "1910. ÉVI NÉPSZÁMLÁLÁS 1. A népesség főbb adatai községek és népesebb puszták, telepek szerint (1912) | Könyvtár | Hungaricana".
- ^ Alegerile locale in Sălaj, rezultate finale!
- ^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). p. 887.
References
- Bărbulescu, Mihai (2005). "From the Romans until the End of the First Millennium AD". In Pop, Ioan-Aurel; Nägler, Thomas (eds.). The History of Transylvania, Vol. I. (until 1541). Romanian Cultural Institute. pp. 137–198. ISBN 973-7784-04-9.
- Bóna, István (1994). "From Dacia to Transylvania: The Period of the Great Migrations (271–895); The Hungarian–Slav Period (895–1172)". In Köpeczi, Béla; Barta, Gábor; Bóna, István; Makkai, László; Szász, Zoltán; Borus, Judit (eds.). History of Transylvania. Akadémiai Kiadó. pp. 62–177. ISBN 963-05-6703-2.
- Wanner, Robert (2010). Forts, fields and towns: Communities in Northwest Transylvania from the first century BC to the fifth century AD (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2012-01-15.