22nd Fighter Squadron

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22nd Fighter Squadron
22nd Fighter Squadron - McDonnell Douglas F-15C Eagle 79-0063
Active1940–1946; 1946–2010
Country United States
Branch United States Air Force
RoleFighter
Motto(s)Red Hot Fighters
Engagements

Antisubmarine, American Theater

Air Offensive, Europe
Battle of Normandy
Northern France Campaign
Rhineland Campaign
Ardennes-Alsace Campaign
Central Europe Campaign
Decorations
  • Distinguished Unit Citations
    (2×)
  • Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards
    (16×)
  • Belgian Fourragere[1]
Commanders
Notable
commanders		William R. Looney III "Toons"; Edwin Buzz Aldrin "Buzz"; James F. "Nails" Knight
Insignia
22nd Fighter Squadron emblem (approved 27 June 1945)[1]

The 22nd Fighter Squadron, sometimes written as 22d Fighter Squadron, (22 FS) is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 52nd Operations Group and stationed at Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany.

Originally constituted as the 22nd Pursuit Squadron (Interceptor) in 1939, it first deployed to the Caribbean before deploying to England and Europe from 1944. After

WWII, the unit returned to its prewar mission defending the Panama Canal, before once again deploying to Europe in 1948. It remained there until 1991, at which time some parts of the squadron redeployed to Saudi Arabia and Turkey. The squadron was inactivated in 2010 to combine with the 23rd Fighter Squadron and was redesignated the 480th Fighter Squadron
. At various times during its existence, the squadron has gone by the colloquial names "Stingers", "Adlers", "Bees", "Bumblebees" and "The BIG 22: Last of the Red Hot Fighter Squadrons".

History

World War II

Antilles Air Command

The 22d Pursuit Squadron (Interceptor) was constituted on 22 December 1939, and activated in February 1940 at

Losey Field
) on 6 January 1941.

After its arrival at Ponce, the Squadron converted from the P-36A to

Bell P-39D Airacobras which were flown to Puerto Rico from the United States which joined the single example which had been on hand since at least June 1941. On 13 December, the unit Headquarters moved from Ponce to Vega Baja Airfield, 18°28′58″N 066°25′58″W / 18.48278°N 66.43278°W / 18.48278; -66.43278
an auxiliary aerodrome in Puerto Rico, to provide better interception coverage for the island.

Operations during most of the remainder of 1942 are vague, but involved very extensive over-water flying and many scrambles in response to reported

12th Bombardment Squadron and the detachment at Curacao was attached to the 59th Bombardment Squadron. The larger 22d Fighter Squadron detachment in Trinidad engaged in extensive antisubmarine
activities.

With the Navy taking over the antisubmarine mission, the squadron was redeployed back to the United States, moving to Morrison Field, Florida by 27 May 1943.

Ninth Air Force

P-47 Thunderbolts of the 22d Fighter Squadron at Le Culot, Belgium, fall 1944[note 1]

Transferred to

European Theater of Operations as a Republic P-47 Thunderbolt fighter-bomber squadron. Deployed to England in April 1944 as part of IX Fighter Command. Initial missions included strafing and dive-bombing armored vehicles, trains, bridges, buildings, factories, troop concentrations, gun emplacements, airfields, and other targets in preparation for the invasion of Normandy. The squadron also flew some escort missions with Eighth Air Force Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress and Consolidated B-24 Liberator
strategic bombers.

On

Ninth United States Army
.

Participated in the

Roer River in February 1945. Supported operations at the Remagen bridgehead and during the airborne assault across the Rhine in March. Also, during 1945, the 22nd received its squadron emblem, designed by The Walt Disney Company (known as Walt Disney Productions at the time).[2]

By

Bolling Field, Washington, D.C where it was inactivated as a paper unit.[3]

22d FS P-80B Shooting Star at Fürstenfeldbruck AB[note 2]

Reactivated in October 1946 under

Lockheed F-80 Shooting Star
.

As a result of the

Bitburg Air Base, west of the Rhine River near the French border in the Eifel mountains, near the town of Birtburg, Germany
.

22d FBS F-84E[note 3]
22d TFS F-105D Thunderchief[note 4]

Bitburg Air Base

In August 1953, the

Apollo Project
astronauts.

In May 1961, received the

McDonnell F-4 Phantom II
in 1966.

The squadron was upgraded to the

McDonnell Douglas F-15A Eagle in April 1976. In 1980 more advanced F-15Cs and F-15Ds replaced the original F-15As. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the squadron conducted routine training missions and contributed aircraft and pilots to the 36th Tactical Fighter Wing's Zulu Alert facility during the Cold War. When the F-15s first arrived at Bitburg AB, a German "wild park" (zoo) came to the squadron and "adopted" it.  The squadron designed an alternative emblem along with full-color aircrew patches with an eagle (animal) and US Flag on it and were dubbed the "Adlers" (which is German for eagle). For a time in the late seventies and early eighties the "Adler" name and emblem were used exclusively within the "ops" portion of the squadron, while the attached maintenance unit retained the "Stingers" name and emblem.  In 1982, a new squadron commander made the unpopular decision that the "Adler" patch would no longer be used, and reinstate the Walt Disney "Bumblebee" patch, which was the official patch.[4]

Variant "Adler" Patch worn by F-15 Pilots.
22nd Fighter Squadron F-15C 79-0022 with Mig-23 kill on display at the Pueblo Weisbrod Aircraft Museum
22nd Fighter Squadron F-15C 80-0031 aerial refueling while on patrol over northern Irag during Operation Provide Comfort

Operations Desert Shield/Desert Storm

After the

32nd Tactical Fighter Squadron from Soesterberg AB, The Netherlands. Despite their reduced numbers, the 22nd's remaining pilots and maintainers at Bitburg continued to provide aircraft for the Zulu Alert facility, as well as provided support for non-squadron F-15s en route to the war zone. In all locations, the aircraft and personnel of the 22nd Tactical Fighter Squadron performed amazing feats under demanding conditions. Not a single F-15 aircraft was lost in combat during the war and several returned with credited kills. Aircraft tail number 79-0078, one of the squadron's Al Kharj deployed aircraft, was credited with two Mig-21 kills on 6 February 1991. Aircraft tail number 79-0022, one of the squadron's aircraft deployed to Incirlik, was credited with a Mig-23 kill on 28 January 1991 and is currently on display, along with other squadron memorabilia, at the Pueblo Weisbrod Aircraft Museum in Pueblo, Colorado. In March 1991, the Incirlik-deployed squadron returned to Bitburg AB.[3]
They were followed by the last members of the Al Kharj deployment in July 1991.

Operation Provide Comfort

The end of Operation Desert Storm marked the beginning of Operation Provide Comfort and once again the 36th Tactical Fighter Wing, including the 22nd, was tasked with providing aircraft and personnel in support of Operation Provide Comfort and later Operation Provide Comfort II. This included enforcement of the northern and southern Iraqi no-fly zones and protection of Kurds in the northern region. While still deployed to Al Kharj, F-15C tail number 84-0014, an aircraft belonging to the 53rd TFS, but flown by 22nd pilot John "Nigel" Doneski, downed an Su-22 in violation of the southern no-fly zone.[6] In 1993, long after the squadron had been re-united in the middle of 1991, the 22nd returned to Incirlick as part of its ongoing commitment to Operation Provide Comfort II.

Spangdahlem Air Base

In the spring of 1994, as a result of the military post-Cold War draw down worldwide, the decision was made to close the operations portion of Bitburg Air Base and to send the squadron's F-15C/Ds and some of its personnel to RAF Lakenheath, England. Other personnel were absorbed by the 53rd Fighter Squadron ("Tactical" had been removed in the new post-Cold War era), which was moving to Spangdahlem, or assigned to other F-15 squadrons worldwide. However, the squadron's colors were transferred to Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany, on 1 April 1994. Once at Spandahlem, the 480th Fighter Squadron's colors were retired and the 22d's were assumed. The 22d then took on the mission, personnel and aircraft of the former 480th which flew the Block 50 F-16CJ, the Air Force's latest version of the Fighting Falcon. In 1998, the 22d transitioned from a primary general-purpose air interdiction squadron to its new primary mission as a Wild Weasel unit performing suppression of enemy air defenses. The squadron's most current version of the F-16 was outfitted with the high-speed anti-radiation missiles (HARM), GPS guided-inertial aided munitions, and the HARM targeting system.[3]

22 FS F-16CJ Block 50B Fighting Falcon - 90-0829

Peacekeeping operations

The 22d was quickly put into combat with its new capability when it deployed to

Operation Allied Force. The pilots of the 22d flew combat missions over Yugoslavia and fired 202 HARMs at Serbian radars. In addition, the squadron performed its secondary and tertiary missions, employing 16 Mk-84s on key military targets while providing air superiority.[3]

In December 2000 to March 2001, the squadron was assigned to Air Expeditionary Force 9. It regularly flew combat missions in support of Operations Northern and Operation Southern Watch.[3]

Operation Enduring Freedom

In response to U.S. presidential directives, following the

11 September attacks 22d provided fighter escort to Boeing C-17 Globemaster III over Afghanistan during humanitarian relief missions, within 100 hours of notification, as part of Operation Enduring Freedom. This effort served as the template for USAFE's Euro Lightning operations concept.[3]

Operation Iraqi Freedom

In January 2003, the squadron forward deployed as the 22d Expeditionary Fighter Squadron to

Operation Iraqi Freedom. The squadron played a key role during the 27-day air war by fulfilling its "Wild Weasel" mission of suppressing enemy air defenses and destroying Iraqi radar sites.[3]

Actor Nick Lachey in squadron gear in 2008

In April 2010 20 F-16Cs were flown from Spangdahlem to the 148th Fighter Wing of the Minnesota Air National Guard, one F-16 was transferred to Edwards Air Force Base, California. All aircraft were from the 22d Fighter Squadron.[7] As a result of the drawdown of F-16s, the 22d and 23rd Fighter Squadrons were inactivated on 13 August 2010 and formed the a single "new" squadron, the 480th Fighter Squadron.[8]

Lineage

  • Constituted as the 22nd Pursuit Squadron (Interceptor) on 22 December 1939
Activated on 1 February 1940
Redesignated 22nd Fighter Squadron on 15 May 1942
Redesignated 22nd Fighter Squadron, Single Engine on 20 August 1943
Inactivated on 31 March 1946
  • Activated on 15 October 1946
Redesignated 22nd Fighter Squadron, Jet Propelled on 27 October 1947
Redesignated 22nd Fighter Squadron, Jet on 17 June 1948
Redesignated 22nd Fighter-Bomber Squadron on 20 January 1950
Redesignated 22nd Fighter-Day Squadron on 9 August 1954
Redesignated 22nd Tactical Fighter Squadron on 8 July 1958
Redesignated 22nd Fighter Squadron on 1 October 1991
Inactivated on 13 August 2010[1]

Assignments

  • 36th Pursuit Group
    (later 36th Fighter Group), 1 February 1940 – 31 March 1946
  • 36th Fighter Group (later 36th Fighter-Bomber Group 36th Fighter-Day Group), 15 October 1946 (attached to
    36th Fighter-Day Wing
    after 1 October 1956)
  • 36th Fighter-Day Wing (later 36th Tactical Fighter Wing, 36th Fighter Wing), 8 December 1957
  • 36th Operations Group, 31 March 1992
  • 52d Operations Group, 1 April 1994 – 13 August 2010[1]

Stations

Aircraft

References

Notes
  1. POW. During the Korean War, Loring was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor
    .
  2. ^ Aircraft is Lockheed P-80B-1-LO Shooting Star serial 45-8634 Taken in summer 1948. Aircraft markings appear to be those of Caribbean Air Command, no Buzz Number on fuselage.
  3. ^ Aircraft is Republic F-84E-10-RE Thunderjet serial 49-2223.
  4. ^ Aircraft is Republic F-105D-10-RE Thunderchief serial 60-438.
Notes
  1. ^ a b c d e f g Dollman, TSG David (15 May 2017). "Factsheet 22 Fighter Squadron (USAFE)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 8 June 2017.
  2. ^ Collins, S. "Artful Patriotism: DOD and Disney". defense.gov. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "22 FS Fact Sheet". Archived from the original on 3 August 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2008.
  4. ^ "22nd Fighter Squadron". Skytrailer.com. 19 February 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
  5. ^ "F-15 Multi-Stage Improvement Program". www.joebaugher.com. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
  6. ^ "Coalition Air-to-Air Victories in Desert Storm". www.rjlee.org. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
  7. ^ Gradishar, SRA Kali L. (26 April 2010). "F-16 drawdown to begin". 52d Fighter Wing Public Affairs. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2017.
  8. ^ Polesnak, 1 Lt Kathleen (24 August 2010). "480th activated as Spangdahlem's newest F-16 squadron". 52d Fighter Wing Public Affairs. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Station number in Anderson.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h Station number in Johnson.

Bibliography

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

External links
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