AD 60
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
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| AD 60 by topic |
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| Thai solar calendar | 602–603 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴土羊年 (female Earth-Goat) 186 or −195 or −967 — to — 阳金猴年 (male Iron-Monkey) 187 or −194 or −966 |
AD 60 (medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
The year 60 is the first identifiable year for which a date is cited complete with
day of the week, i.e. 6 February 60, identified as a "Sunday" (as viii idus Februarius dies solis "eighth day before the ides of February, day of the Sun") in a Pompeiian graffito. According to the currently-used Julian calendar, 6 February 60 was a Wednesday (dies Mercurii, "day of Mercury"). This is explained by the existence of two conventions of naming days of the weeks based on the planetary hours system, 6 February was a "Sunday" based on the sunset naming convention, and a "Wednesday" based on the sunrise naming convention.[1]
Events
By place
Roman Empire
- The Roxolani are defeated on the Danube by the Romans.
- Nero's exploration of the Nile: Emperor Nero sends an expedition which reaches the historical city Meroë (Sudan). (approximate date)
- Vitellius is (possibly) proconsul of the province of Africa.
- .
- The city of Laodicea on the Lycus is destroyed by an earthquake
- The following events in Roman Britain (Britannia) take place in AD 60 or 61:
- Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, Roman governor of Britain, captures the island of Mona (Anglesey), the last stronghold of the Druids.[2][3]
- will which passes his kingdom to his two daughters and the Roman Empire. The Roman army, however, annexes the kingdom as if conquered, depriving the nobles of their hereditary lands and plundering the land. The king's widow, Boudica, is flogged and forced to watch their daughters publicly raped.[4] Roman financiers, including Seneca the Younger, call in their loans.[5]
- Boudica leads a rebellion of the Iceni against Roman rule[6] in alliance with the Trinovantes, Cornovii, Durotriges and Celtic Britons. The Iceni and Trinovantes first destroy the Roman capital Camulodunum (Colchester), wipe out the infantry of the Legio IX Hispana (commanded by Quintus Petillius Cerialis) and go on to burn Londinium (London) (probably destroying London Bridge) and Verulamium (St Albans), in all cases massacring the inhabitants by the thousands.
- Battle of Watling Street: Paulinus defeats the rebels, using a flying wedge formation, imposes wide-ranging punishments on native Britons,[2] and the Romanization of Britain continues. Boudica either poisons herself,[7] or falls sick and dies.[8]
By topic
Religion
- The First Epistle of Peter, if by Peter, is probably written between this year and c. AD 64.
- , the first bishop of Malta.
- Paul's Epistle to the Philippians is written from Rome. (approximate date)
Art and science
- Hero of Alexandria writes Metrica, Mechanics, and Pneumatics.
- AD 60–79 – House of the Vettii, Pompeii, is rebuilt.
Births
- Buddhamitra, Indian Buddhist nun (approximate date)
- Marcus Vitorius Marcellus, Roman politician (approximate date)
- Nicomachus, Greek mathematician (approximate date)
Deaths
- Abdagases I, king of the Parthian Empire (approximate date)
- Boudica, British queen of the Iceni tribe (approximate date)
- Peter of Rates, first bishop of Braga (approximate date)
References
- ^ Nerone Caesare Augusto Cosso Lentuol Cossil fil. Cos. VIII idus Febr(u)arius dies solis, luna XIIIIX nun(dinae) Cumis, V (idus Februarias) nun(dinae) Pompeis. Robert Hannah, "Time in Written Spaces", in: Peter Keegan, Gareth Sears, Ray Laurence (eds.), Written Space in the Latin West, 200 BC to AD 300, A&C Black, 2013, p. 89.
- ^ ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Tacitus, Annals 14.30.
- ^ Tacitus, Annals 14.31.
- ^ Cassius Dio, Roman History 62.2.
- ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Tacitus, Annals.
- ^ Cassius Dio, Roman History.