Ahmed Kathrada
Ahmed Kathrada | |
---|---|
Parliamentary Counsellor to the President of South Africa | |
In office 10 May 1994 – 16 June 1999 | |
President | Nelson Mandela |
Member of the Parliament of South Africa | |
In office 1994–1999 | |
Constituency | Lenasia |
Personal details | |
Born | Ahmed Mohamed Kathrada 21 August 1929 Rivonia trial |
Penalty | Jailed (1964–89) |
Ahmed Mohamed Kathrada OMSG (21 August 1929 – 28 March 2017), sometimes known by the nickname "Kathy", was a South African politician and anti-apartheid activist.
Kathrada's involvement in the anti-apartheid activities of the
Early life
Ahmed Kathrada was born on 21 August 1929 in the small country town of
Political activist
At the age of 17 he left school to work full-time for the Transvaal Passive Resistance Council in order to work against the Asiatic Land Tenure and Indian Representation Act, commonly referred to as the "Ghetto Act", which sought to give Indians limited political representation and restricted where Indians could live, trade and own land.[3][5]
Kathrada was one of the two thousand volunteers imprisoned as a result of the campaign; he spent a month in a Durban jail in South Africa.[1] This was his first jail sentence for civil disobedience. Later, he was elected as the chair of the Transvaal Indian Youth Congress.[1][5]
While Kathrada was a student at the University of the Witwatersrand he was sent as a delegate of the Transvaal Indian Youth Congress to the 3rd World Festival of Youth and Students in East Berlin in 1951.[6] He was elected as the leader of the large multi-racial South African delegation.[5] He remained in Europe in order to attend a congress of the International Union of Students in Warsaw,[5] and finally travelled to Budapest and worked at the headquarters of the World Federation of Democratic Youth for nine months.[7]
As result of the growing co-operation between the African and Indian Congresses in the 1950s, Kathrada came into close contact with African National Congress leaders such as Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu. He was one of 156 accused in the four-year Treason Trial which lasted from 1956 to 1960. Eventually, all of the accused were found not guilty.[4]
After the ANC (African National Congregation) and various other anti-apartheid organisations were banned in 1960, Kathrada continued his political activities despite repeated detentions and increasingly severe house arrest measures against him. To be free to continue his activities, Kathrada went underground early in 1962.[4][5]
Rivonia trial
On 11 July 1963, Kathrada was arrested at the South African internal headquarters of
The trial ended in June 1964; Kathrada was sentenced to life imprisonment along with Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Andrew Mlangeni, Billy Nair, Elias Motsoaledi, Raymond Mhlaba and Denis Goldberg.[9] Kathy was the youngest prisoner (34 years old, at the time of arrest).
Imprisonment
For the following 18 years, Kathrada was confined to the
While in jail on Robben Island and in Pollsmoor, Kathrada completed a Bachelor's degrees in History/Criminology as well as three other degrees, thanks to his family who paid the tuition fee.[10]
On 15 October 1989 Kathrada, along with Jeff Masemola, Raymond Mhlaba, Billy Nair, Wilton Mkwayi, Andrew Mlangeni, Elias Motsoaledi, Oscar Mpetha, and Walter Sisulu were released from Johannesburg prison.[11]
Activities after release
After the unbanning of the ANC in February 1990, Kathrada served on the interim leadership committees of both the ANC and the South African Communist Party. He resigned from the latter position when he was elected to the ANC National Executive Committee in July 1991. During the same year, he was appointed as head of ANC public relations as well as a fellow of the University of the Western Cape's Mayibuye Centre.[12]
Kathrada went on the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca in 1992.[12]
In the first all-inclusive democratic South African elections in 1994, Kathrada was elected as a member of parliament for the ANC. After refusing to accept a position in Mandela's cabinet as minister of correctional services stating that " I joined the struggle not for positions"[3] in September 1994 he was appointed as the political advisor to President Mandela in the newly created post of Parliamentary Counsellor.[3] In June 1999, Kathrada left parliamentary politics.
In 1994 and 1995, Kathrada was elected as chairperson of the Robben Island Council. He remained the chairperson of the Robben Island Museum Council. On 27 October 2013, on the island, he launched the International Campaign to Free Marwan Barghouti and All Palestinian Prisoners.[13]
Kathrada was married to Barbara Hogan, a recent Minister of Public Enterprises.[14][15] In 2008, he founded the Ahmed Kathrada Foundation to continue his life's work.[16]
In 2017, Kathrada appeared along with remaining surviving co-defendants at the Rivonia Trial,
Death
Kathrada died at a medical centre in Johannesburg from complications of a cerebral
Zuma ordered the South African flag to be flown at half-mast to mark Kathrada's death and postponed a cabinet meeting in order to allow cabinet members to attend the funeral.[15]
Honours and awards
In addition to receiving the
Kathrada was voted 46th in the
He was awarded the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman by the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs in 2005.[26]
On 18 July 2011, he and his wife were the chief guests on Nelson Mandela International Day at the United Nations Information Centre for India and Bhutan, where he shared his views with children.[27]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Kathrada 2004, p. 373
- ^ Burton, Antoinette (1 May 2012). "Review of Kathrada, A. M., No Bread for Mandela: Memoirs of Ahmed Kathrada, Prisoner No. 468/64". h-net.org. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Ahmed Kathrada, unflinching opponent of apartheid in South Africa, dies at 87". The Washington Post. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ^ Dixon, Robyn (27 March 2017). "Ahmed Kathrada dies at 87; Nelson Mandela's trusted ally helped overturn apartheid in South Africa". Los Angeles Times. Johannesburg. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f "Ahmed Kathrada's Most Notable Moments". huffingtonpost.co.za. Archived from the original on 1 April 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ^ Kathrada 2004, p. 374
- ^ "Strong Opinion, Sharp Wit, And Humour Mark The Life of Struggle Icon Ahmed Kathrada". huffingtonpost.co.za. Archived from the original on 25 June 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ^ Chan, Sewell (28 March 2017). "Ahmed Kathrada, Anti-Apartheid Activist in South Africa, Dies at 87". The New York Times. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ^ "Eight Convicted in South Africa". The New York Times. 12 June 1964. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
- ^ "Where Mandela Kept Hope, Guide Tells Their Shared Saga". The New York Times. 5 July 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
- ^ Mandela 1996, p. 174
- ^ a b jonas (13 July 2011). "Ahmed Mohamed Kathrada Timeline: 1929 – 2017". sahistory.org.za. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
- ^ Ahmed Kathrada (31 October 2013). "Unconditional release of Marwan Barghouti is positive step forward". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 11 December 2013.
- ^ AfricaNews (30 March 2017). "South Africa's Zuma not welcome at funeral of anti-apartheid hero Kathrada". africanews.com. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f "Ahmed Kathrada funeral: South Africa's Zuma asked to stay away". BBC. 29 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
- ^ "Ahmed Kathrada – Nelson Mandela Foundation". www.nelsonmandela.org. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- ^ Life is Wonderful Q&A on Vimeo
- YouTube
- ^ Stadlen, Nick (Nicholas) (22 July 2018). "Unsung heroes: the men who stood trial with Mandela". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
- ^ Green, Pippa (13 June 2018). "Apartheid history: Overlooked Rivonia triallists feted in Life is Wonderful". Business Day. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
- ^ "'Life is Wonderful' screening reinforces call for such histories in curriculum". Nelson Mandela University. 15 June 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
- ^ "Struggle stalwart Ahmed Kathrada has died". eNews Channel Africa. ENCA. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
- ^ "Ahmed Mohamed Kathrada Timeline: 1929 - 2017". South African History Online. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
- ^ "Convocation of Ahmed Kathrada and Barbara Hogan". Archived from the original on 27 August 2011.
- ^ "The 10 Greatest South Africans of all time". BizCommunity. 27 September 2004. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
- ^ Amit Baruah (5 January 2005). "Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Divas awards announced". The Hindu. Retrieved 30 March 2017.[dead link]
- ^ "UNIC Celebrates Nelson Mandela International Day". United Nations Information Centre for India and Bhutan. 18 July 2011.[permanent dead link]
Works cited
- Kathrada, Ahmed (6 August 2004). Marlene Burger (ed.). Ahmed Kathrada memoirs. Paarl, South Africa: Zebra press. ISBN 1-86872-918-4.
- Mandela, Nelson (1996). The illustrated long walk to freedom. Paul Duncan (abridgement and picture editing). Boston: ISBN 0-316-88020-5.
Further reading
- Kathrada, Ahmed (1999). Robert Vassen (ed.). Letters from Robben Island: A Selection of Ahmed Kathrada's Prison Correspondence. Michigan State University Press. ISBN 978-0-87013-527-9. Archived from the originalon 12 February 2010. Retrieved 8 June 2008.
- Kathrada, Ahmed (2016). A Simple Freedom: The Strong Mind of Robben Island Prisoner No. 468/64. University of Kentucky Press. ISBN 978-0813167268.
- Ahmed Mohamed "Kathy" Kathrada (SA History Online)
- Ahmed Mohamed Kathrada Timeline: 1929 - 2017 (SA History Online)