Albert S. Burleson
Albert Burleson | |
---|---|
Frank H. Hitchcock | |
Succeeded by | Will H. Hays |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas | |
In office March 4, 1899 – March 6, 1913 | |
Preceded by | Joseph D. Sayers |
Succeeded by | James P. Buchanan |
Constituency | 9th district (1899–1903) 10th district (1903–1913) |
Personal details | |
Born | Albert Sidney Burleson June 7, 1863 San Marcos, Texas, C.S. |
Died | November 24, 1937 San Marcos, Texas, U.S. | (aged 74)
Political party | Democratic |
Education | Texas A&M University Baylor University (BA) University of Texas at Austin (LLB) |
Albert Sidney Burleson (June 7, 1863 – November 24, 1937) was a
Early life
Born in
evidences of agrarian liberalism. He called for a reduction in the tariff, prison terms for violators of antitrust laws, restriction of immigration, limitations on the use of injunctions against labor unions, and a national amendment allowing the enactment of an income tax. He denounced national banks and repeated his plea for free coinage of silver.[2]
Postmaster General
Burleson played a major role in securing the Texas delegation for
In 1913 Burleson began segregating the postal employees by race. Burleson also fired black postal workers in the South. He drew criticism from labor unions by forbidding postal employees to strike.[6]
In 1913, Burleson aroused a storm of protest, especially on the part of the large daily newspapers, by declaring that he would enforce the law requiring publications to print, among other things, a sworn statement of paid circulation, which had been held in abeyance by his predecessor until its constitutionality might be confirmed. The Supreme Court enjoined him from doing so.[7]
After the United States entered the World War in 1917, Burleson vigorously enforced the
Following the war, he continued to advocate permanent nationalization of telephone, telegraph, and cable services. He acknowledged that Congress would be hostile to the idea and oversaw the return of the communications infrastructure to its various corporate owners.[11] He introduced the "zone system" in which postage on second-class mail was charged according to distance.[7]
Later life
In 1919, he was appointed as chairman of the United States Telegraph and Telephone Administration. In 1920, he became the chairman of the United States Commission to the International Wire Communication Conference and retired in 1921.[12]
In the 1930s, he opposed the
References
- ^ Seymour V. Connor, 2020.
- ^ Adrian Anderson, "President Wilson's Politician: Albert Sidney Burleson of Texas." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 77.3 (1974): 339-354 at p. 341.
- ^ Samuel Walker , Presidents and civil liberties from Wilson to Obama: a story of poor custodians (Cambridge University Press, 2014) p. 15
- ^ a b Adam Hochschild, "The Censor". Mother Jones (sept-Oct 2022) 47#5: 55–59, 69. online
- ^ Walker , Presidents and civil liberties (2014) p. 15
- ^ Anderson, 1974.
- ^ a b c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. .
- ^ "Reach Agreement On U.S. Wire Control. President Vail of American Tel. & Tel. Co. Announces Result of Conferences with Burleson. Bell System Head Says Stockholders Are Protected and Dividends Continue at Existing Rates. Pleased by Government's Attitude. Security Holders Protected". The New York Times. October 7, 1918. Retrieved August 10, 2008.
- ^ Cybertelecom :: Telephone at www.cybertelecom.org
- ^ "Federal Ownership Halts. But Lewis of Maryland Makes a Move to Keep Up the Fight". The New York Times. December 21, 1913. Retrieved August 10, 2008.
- ISBN 978-3-11-066970-1(2020).
- ^ Anderson, 1974.
- ^ Anderson, 1974.
Further reading
- Anderson, Adrian. "President Wilson's Politician: Albert Sidney Burleson of Texas." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 77.3 (1974): 339-354. online
- Anderson, Adrian Norris. "Albert Sidney Burleson: A Southern Politician in the Progressive Era" (PhD dissertation, Texas Tech University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1967. 6802606).
- Connor, Seymour V. "Burleson, Albert Sidney" Handbook of Texas (2020) online
- Gould, Lewis L. "Progressives and prohibitionists: Texas Democratic politics, 1911-1921." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 75.1 (1971): 5-18. online
- Hilton, Ora A. "Freedom of the Press in Wartime 1917-1919." Southwestern Social Science Quarterly (1948): 346-361. online
- Johnson, Donald. "Wilson, burleson, and censorship in the first world war." Journal of Southern History 28.1 (1962): 46-58. online
- Leary,, William M. Aerial Pioneers: The US Air Mail Service, 1918–1927 (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1986).
External links
- United States Congress. "Albert S. Burleson (id: B001110)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- Albert S. Burleson at Find a Grave
- Albert S. Burleson at American Presidents
- Albert S. Burleson from the Handbook of Texas Online
This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress