Alexander McDowell McCook
Alexander McDowell McCook | |
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Indian Wars |
Alexander McDowell McCook (April 22, 1831 – June 12, 1903) was a career
Early life
McCook was born in
McCook graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1852, served against the Apaches and Utes in New Mexico in 1853–57, and was assistant instructor of infantry tactics at the military academy in 1858–61. He held the rank of 1st lieutenant in the regular army when war broke out in 1861.[1]
Civil War
At the start of the Civil War, McCook received a commission as
On September 3, 1861, he was promoted to brigadier general of volunteers, commanded a brigade in Kentucky that fall, and led a division by February 1862. He earned the brevet of lieutenant colonel in the regular army for his part in the capture of Nashville, Tennessee. McCook then commanded the 2nd Division in the Army of the Ohio at the Battle of Shiloh on the second day of fighting, and then in the subsequent campaign against Corinth. He was promoted to major general of volunteers on July 17, 1862.
McCook was given command of the I Corps in the Army of the Ohio. His corps suffered heavy casualties and driven back a mile at the Battle of Perryville in October 1862. Command of the Army of the Ohio was reorganized and his command designated the Right Wing of the XIV Corps in the new Army of the Cumberland. His command again suffered heavy losses at the Battle of Stones River. Once again the command structure was reorganized and his corps named the XX Corps. For the third and final time, at Chickamauga, McCook's troops suffered heavily and were driven from the field. He was court-martialed and partially blamed for the Union disaster at Chickamauga. He was not convicted but relieved of duty in the Army of the Cumberland. McCook's demotion from command was in large part political, as he was a pro-slavery Democrat and had earned the ire of Secretary of War Edwin Stanton.
He waited almost a year before receiving another command assignment of any kind. It came thanks in part to Confederate General Jubal Early and his threat against Washington, D.C. McCook was placed in command of the "Defenses of the Potomac River and Washington" and was in charge of all forces defending the capital at the Battle of Fort Stevens. The day the battle ended, so did McCook's command of the city's defenses and he was again without command. At the close of the war he was given command of the District of Eastern Arkansas. He received brevet promotions to brigadier general and major general in the regular army for service throughout the war.
Postbellum career
McCook resigned from the volunteer service in October 1865 and reverted to the regular army rank of captain. In 1867, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in the 25th US Infantry. He served in
McCook became a full brigadier general in 1890, a major general in 1894, and retired in 1895. One of his final actions before retirement was helping send Army troops to break up the 1894 Chicago railroad strike. In 1898–99, he served on a commission to investigate the United States Department of War as administered during the Spanish–American War.[1]
McCook died at his daughter's home in Dayton, Ohio, on June 12, 1903, after suffering a stroke and was buried in
The town of McCook, Nebraska, was named in his honor.[3]
See also
References
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (February 2017) |
- ^ a b c public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "McCook, Alexander McDowell". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 205. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ^ Chisholm 1911.
- ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 193.
- Eicher, John H., and ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
External links
- Media related to Alexander McDowell McCook at Wikimedia Commons