Aniene
| Aniene | |
|---|---|
Tiber, joining it in northern Rome. | |
 | |
| Location | |
| Country | Italy |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Filettino |
| • elevation | 1,075 m (3,527 ft) |
| Mouth | |
• location | Tiber (Rome, ponte Salario) |
• coordinates | 41°56′30″N 12°30′07″E / 41.941745°N 12.50181°E |
| Length | 99 km (62 mi) |
| Basin size | 1,414 km2 (546 sq mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Tiber→ Tyrrhenian Sea |
The Aniene (pronounced Tivoli to join the Tiber in northern Rome. It formed the principal valley east of ancient Rome and became an important water source as the city's population expanded. The falls at Tivoli were noted for their beauty.[1] Historic bridges across the river include the Ponte Nomentano, Ponte Mammolo, Ponte Salario, and Ponte di San Francesco, all of which were originally fortified with towers.
Name
It was known to the Romans as Aniō; this is of unknown
Etruscan king Anius who drowned in the river.[3]
History
The confluence of the Aniene and
seized by Romulus but that his wife Hersilia convinced him to make its people Roman citizens after their defeat and annexation around 752 BC.[4]
Subiaco
.In
aqueducts of Rome—the Aqua Anio Vetus, Aqua Anio Novus and Aqua Claudia—had their sources in the Aniene valley. Together with the Aqua Marcia, they were regarded as the "four great aqueducts of Rome."[5] The Aqua Anio Vetus (Latin for "Old Anio aqueduct") was constructed around 270 BC.[1] The Aqua Anio Novus ("New Anio aqueduct") was begun under Caligula around AD 38 and completed under Claudius in 48.[1] A third aqueduct, the Aqua Marcia, was constructed by Q. Marcius Rex between 144 and 140 BC using the proceeds from the destructions of Corinth and Carthage
in 146 BC.
The emperor
largest of these dams was the highest dam in classical antiquity and remained in use until its destruction by a flood in 1305.[6][7][8][9] Trajan eventually connected the Anio Novus to one of these lakes.[10]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d EB (1878).
- ^ "Latium". www.asciatopo.altervista.org.
- ^ Gray, Elisabeth Caroline Hamilton (August 31, 1843). "The History of Etruria by Mrs. Hamilton Gray: Tarchun and his items from the foundation of Tarquinia to the foundation of Rome". J. Hatchard – via Google Books.
- ^ Livy. From the Founding of the City. Vol. (I, 11).
- ^ Blackman, Deane R. "The Volume of Water Delivered by the Four Great Aqueducts of Rome." Papers of the British School at Rome 46 (1978): 52-72. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40310747.
- ^ Smith (1970), pp. 60–61.
- ^ Smith (1971), p. 26.
- ^ Schnitter (1978), p. 28.
- ^ Hodge (1992), p. 87.
- ISBN 978-0-86516-271-6.
Sources
- , 'Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. II, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1878, p. 57.
- Hodge, A. Trevor (1992), Roman Aqueducts & Water Supply, London: Duckworth, ISBN 0-7156-2194-7
- Schnitter, Niklaus (1978), "Römische Talsperren", Antike Welt, 8 (2): 25–32
- Smith, Norman (1970), "The Roman Dams of Subiaco", Technology and Culture, 11 (1): 58–68, JSTOR 3102810
- Smith, Norman (1971), A History of Dams, London: Peter Davies, ISBN 0-432-15090-0
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aniene.
Media related to Aniene at Wikimedia Commons- Simbruina Stagna History and Art of Subiaco (Italian site)
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