Aniene

Coordinates: 41°56′30″N 12°30′07″E / 41.941745°N 12.50181°E / 41.941745; 12.50181
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Aniene
Tiber, joining it in northern Rome.
Location
CountryItaly
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationFilettino
 • elevation1,075 m (3,527 ft)
Mouth 
 • location
Tiber (Rome, ponte Salario)
 • coordinates
41°56′30″N 12°30′07″E / 41.941745°N 12.50181°E / 41.941745; 12.50181
Length99 km (62 mi)
Basin size1,414 km2 (546 sq mi)
Basin features
ProgressionTiber→ Tyrrhenian Sea

The Aniene (pronounced

Tivoli to join the Tiber in northern Rome. It formed the principal valley east of ancient Rome and became an important water source as the city's population expanded. The falls at Tivoli were noted for their beauty.[1] Historic bridges across the river include the Ponte Nomentano, Ponte Mammolo, Ponte Salario, and Ponte di San Francesco
, all of which were originally fortified with towers.

Name

The river was known to the Romans as Aniō; this is of unknown

Etruscan king Anius who drowned in the river.[3]

History

Classical antiquity

See also: Aqua Anio Novus and Aqua Marcia
Cascade of the river Aniene in Tivoli, 1890.

The confluence of the Aniene and

seized by Romulus but that his wife Hersilia convinced him to make its people Roman citizens after their defeat and annexation around 752 BC.[4]

Map showing aqueduct sources
Subiaco
.

In

aqueducts of Rome—the Aqua Anio Vetus, Aqua Anio Novus and Aqua Claudia—had their sources in the Aniene valley. Together with the Aqua Marcia, they were regarded as the "four great aqueducts of Rome".[5] The Aqua Anio Vetus (Latin for "Old Anio aqueduct") was constructed around 270 BC.[1] The Aqua Anio Novus ("New Anio aqueduct") was begun under Caligula around AD 38 and completed under Claudius in 48.[1] A third aqueduct, the Aqua Marcia, was constructed by Q. Marcius Rex between 144 and 140 BC using the proceeds from the destructions of Corinth and Carthage
in 146 BC.

The emperor

largest of these dams was the highest dam in classical antiquity and remained in use until its destruction by a flood in 1305.[6][7][8][9] Trajan eventually connected the Anio Novus to one of these lakes.[10]

Nineteenth century

A series of floods during the early nineteenth century, especially the most serious one in 1826, prompted Popes Leo XII and Gregory XVI, as sovereigns of the Papal States, to undertake construction works to control the flow of the water. This included canalisation of the river upstream from Tivoli, excavation of a tunnel through Monte Catillo, and a diversion of the river around Tivoli.[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d EB (1878).
  2. ^ "Latium". www.asciatopo.altervista.org.
  3. ^ Gray, Elisabeth Caroline Hamilton (August 31, 1843). "The History of Etruria by Mrs. Hamilton Gray: Tarchun and his items from the foundation of Tarquinia to the foundation of Rome". J. Hatchard – via Google Books.
  4. ^ Livy. From the Founding of the City. Vol. (I, 11).
  5. ISSN 0068-2462
    .
  6. ^ Smith (1970), pp. 60–61.
  7. ^ Smith (1971), p. 26.
  8. ^ Schnitter (1978), p. 28.
  9. ^ Hodge (1992), p. 87.
  10. ISBN 978-0-86516-271-6
    .
  11. ^ Vallino, Fabienne Charlotte Oräzie and Assanti, Barbara, Unrespected Historic Landscapes: The Case of Today's Latium Reconstructed through the Diaries, Drawings and Paintings by Master Cole between 1831 and 1842, University of Tuscia, published on 28 September 2005, accessed on 26 September 2024

Sources

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