Anthocoridae
Minute pirate bugs | |
---|---|
Orius insidiosus | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Hemiptera |
Suborder: | Heteroptera |
Superfamily: | Cimicoidea |
Family: | Anthocoridae |
Tribes | |
Anthocoridae is a family of bugs, commonly called minute pirate bugs or flower bugs. Worldwide there are 500-600 species.[1]
Description
Anthocoridae are 1.5–5 mm long and have soft, elongated oval, flat bodies, often patterned in black and white. The head is extended forward and the antennae are longer than the head and visible from above. They possess a
Many species are referred to as insidious flower bugs or pirate bugs.[4] The scientific name is a combination of the Greek words anthos "flower" and koris "bug".
Habitat and behaviour
Many species can be found in cryptic habitats such as
Eggs are laid in plant material and hatch in approximately 3 to 5 days. Nymphs require at least 20 days to progress through five
Systematics
There are two subfamilies and at least 8 tribes:[8]
Anthocorinae
Auth. Fieber, 1837
- tribe Almeidini Carayon, 1972
- Almeida Distant, 1910
- Australmeida Woodward, 1977
- Lippomanus Distant, 1904
- tribe Anthocorini Fieber, 1837
Selected genera:
- Acompocoris Reuter, 1875 i c g b
- Anthocoris Fallen, 1814 i c g b
- Coccivora McAtee & Malloch, 1925 i c g b
- Dufouriellus Kirkaldy, 1906
- Elatophilus Reuter, 1884 i c g b
- Melanocoris Champion, 1900 i c g b
- Temnostethus Fieber, 1860 i c g b
- Tetraphleps Fieber, 1860 i c g b
- tribe Blaptopstethini Carayon, 1972
- Blaptostethoides Carayon, 1972
- Blaptostethus Fieber, 1860
- tribe Cardiastethini Carayon, 1972
Selected genera:
- Amphiareus Distant, 1904
- Brachysteles Mulsant & Rey, 1852
- Buchananiella Reuter, 1884
- Cardiastethus Fieber, 1860
- tribe Oriini Carayon, 1955
Selected genera:
- Orius Wolff, 1811 i c g b
- tribe Scolopini Carayon, 1954
Selected genera:
- Calliodis Reuter, 1871
- Scoloposcelis Fieber, 1864
- tribe Xylocorini Carayon, 1972 (monotypic)
- Xylocoris Dufour, 1831
- incertae sedis
- Cyrtosternum Fieber, 1860
Lasiochilinae
Auth. Carayon, 1972 (sometimes placed at family level: "Lasiochilidae")
- tribe Lasiochilini Carayon, 1972
- Lasiochilus Reuter, 1871
- Plochiocoris Champion, 1900
- genera incertae sedis
Unplaced genera
- Lilia White, 1879
- Opisthypselus Reuter, 1908
- 4 fossil genera
Data sources: i = ITIS,[9] c = Catalogue of Life,[10] g = GBIF,[11] b = Bugguide.net[12][2][13]
References
- ^ PMID 15012372.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4020-6242-1.
- ISBN 3-931374-49-1
- ^ "Minute Pirate Bugs". Iowa Insect Information Notes. Iowa State University. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
- ^ a b "Minute Pirate Bugs – Little Bug with a Big Bite". University of Illinois Extension. Retrieved March 5, 2016.
- ^ "Midwest Biological Control News". Archived from the original on July 7, 2010. Retrieved March 5, 2016.
- ^ "Back to Predators Table of Contents Orius tristicolor and O. insidiosus". Cornell University. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
- ^ BioLib.cz: flower bugs - Anthocoridae Fieber, 1837 (retrieved 8 April 2022)
- ^ "Anthocoridae Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
- ^ "Browse Anthocoridae". Catalogue of Life. Archived from the original on 2019-11-15. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
- ^ "Anthocoridae". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
- ^ "Anthocoridae Family Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
- ^ Péricart, J. 1996. Family Anthocoridae Fieber, 1836 flower bugs, minute pirate bugs, pp. 108–318. In Aukema, B. and C. Rieger, eds. Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol. 2. Cimicomorpha I. Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam. 359 pp.
External links
- Pirate bugs
- Pirate bugs (with pictures)
- Media related to Anthocoridae at Wikimedia Commons