Anubanini rock relief

Anubanini relief

Behistun relief

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Comparative locations of Behistun and the Anubanini rock reliefs.

The Anubanini petroglyph, also called Sar-e Pol-e Zohab II

The general style of the Anubanini relief emulates the style of Mesopotamian royal art of the period, as well as its language, in using the Akkadian language and script for this inscription.^[3]

Inscription

There's also an inscription in the

Ishtar, Sin and Shamash towards anyone who would damage the monument)

— Akkadian language inscription of the Anubanini relief.^[1][4][5]

Behistun reliefs

This rock relief is very similar to the much later

• 
  The Sarpul mountain, on which the relief is located (in the shadow of the edge closest to the camera). The city of Sarpul lays at the foot of the mountain.
• 
  The relief is located at a height of 16 meters, on the top of a cliff towering over the village of Sarpol-e Zahab. A second relief (relief of Gotarzes II, Parthian Empire) appears below.
• 
  King Anubanini. He is equipped with an axe, a bow and an arrow. He is bare-chested, wears a short skirt, a roll-brimmed hat and sandals.^[9][10][1]
• 
  Lullubi-ki ("Country of the Lullubi") on the Anubanini Rock Relief
• 
  Goddess

  Ishtar/Inanna. She wears a long, flounced dress, a hat decorated with horns and a headed collar. She is extending a ring in her right hand and has club-like weapons in her back.^[1]
• 
  Prisoners of Anubanini, brought by Goddess

  Ishtar (detail). They are naked, their hands bound, and held by a ring through the nose.^[11][1]
• 
  Prisoners and their king (detail).^[1]
• 
  Depiction of a crown-wearing king, naked, imprisoned by Anubanini. This is possibly a feathered crown as seen on some bronzes of

  Luristan.^[12][1]
• 
  Anubanini rock relief Akkadian language and Akkadian script inscription.^[1]
• 
  Portrait of King Anubanini.

Early depictions

The French architect Pascal Coste painted the rock relief as early as 1840.

• 
  Drawing by Pascal Coste
• 
  Anubanini rock relief woodprint
• 
  Modern drawing of the relief

Other reliefs in the area

The same area of

Lullubian reliefs

Another relief named Sar-e Pol-e Zohab I is about 200 meters away, in a style similar to the Anubanini relief, but this time with a beardless ruler.

• 
  Sarpol-e Zahab, relief I. Beardless warrior with axe, trampling a foe. Sundisk above. A name "Zaba(zuna), son of ..." can be read. He is usually considered as a ruler of the Lullubi,^[14][15] but he could be a ruler of the Kingdom of Simurrum, son of Iddin-Sin.^[16]
• 
  Outline of relief I (extracted). Beardless warrior with axe, trampling a foe. Sundisk above. A name "Zaba(zuna), son of ..." can be read.^[14]
• 
  Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief III. Beardless warrior trampling a foe, facing a goddess.^[1]
• 
  Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief IV. Beardless warrior trampling a foe, facing a goddess.^[1]

Parthian relief

Another relief is located below the Anubanini relief, lower on the cliff. This relief was created during the Parthian Empire in the name of Gotarzes, possibly Gotarzes I, but more probably the Parthian king Gotarzes II, who ruled from 39 to 51 CE and is known to have made other reliefs, such as the equestrian relief at Behistun.^[17][18]

• 
  The second relief, below the Anubanini relief, a Parthian relief.
• 
  Drawing of the Parthian relief.

Dukkan-e Daud Late Achemenid tomb

At

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anubanini rock relief.

• Persian art
• Lullubi
• Anubanini

References