Apiales

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Apiales
Inflorescence of a wild carrot, Daucus carota, in the family Apiaceae.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Clade:
Campanulids
Order: Apiales
Nakai[1]
Families[1]

The Apiales are an

classifications, though there is some slight variation and in particular, the Torriceliaceae may also be divided.[2]

Under this definition, well-known members include carrots, celery, parsley, and Hedera helix (English ivy).

The order Apiales is placed within the

Paracryphiales, and Dipsacales.[5]

Taxonomy

Under the

superorder
Araliiflorae (also called Aralianae).

The present understanding of the Apiales is fairly recent and is based upon comparison of

polyphyletic.[7]

Gynoecia

The largest and obviously closely related families of Apiales are Araliaceae, Myodocarpaceae and Apiaceae, which resemble each other in the structure of their gynoecia. In this respect however, the Pittosporaceae is notably distinct from them.[8]

Typical syncarpous gynoecia exhibit four vertical zones, determined by the extent of fusion of the carpels. In most plants, the synascidiate (i.e. "united bottle-shaped") and symplicate zones are fertile and bear the ovules.[9] Each of the first three families possess mainly bi- or multilocular ovaries in a gynoecium with a long synascidiate, but very short symplicate zone, where the ovules are inserted at their transition, the so-called cross-zone (or "Querzone").[8]

In gynoecia of the Pittosporaceae, the symplicate is much longer than the synascidiate zone, and the ovules are arranged along the first. Members of the latter family consequently have unilocular ovaries with a single cavity between adjacent carpels.[8]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Apiales.
Wikispecies has information related to Apiales.
  1. ^
    hdl:10654/18083
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  2. doi:10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30220-9
    .
  3. ^ Winkworth, Richard C.; Lundberg, Johannes; Donoghue, Michael J. (2008). "Toward a resolution of Campanulid phylogeny, with special reference to the placement of Dipsacales". Taxon. 57 (1): 53–65.
  4. JSTOR 25065865
    .
  5. S2CID 27856073
    .
  6. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2003.00247.x
    .
  7. PMID 19549570
    .
  8. ^
    PMID 20462851. Archived
    (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  9. ISBN 9780521438322
    .
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