Archidermapteron martynovi

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Archidermapteron martynovi
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Dermaptera
Family: †Protodiplatyidae
Genus: †Archidermapteron
Vishnyakova, 1980
Species:
†A. martynovi
Binomial name
†Archidermapteron martynovi
Vishnyakova, 1980

Archidermapteron martynovi (

tegmina and hind wings that folded up into a "wing package" that are like modern earwigs.[7] The only clear fossil of the species was found in Russia.[8]

Discovery

Little is known about how the species was discovered due to the ambiguity of the reports about it, and the fact that only one fossil was ever found.[7][9][10] The reason for this is that the environment that most earwigs live in often prevents preservation, because dead organisms in soil and other crevices quickly rot and dissolve away.[7] It is known, however, that the sole fossil of it was found in the early 1900s by a team of Russian entomologists.[7] The species is named after Dr. Andrey Vasilyevich Martynov, an entomologist who conducted extensive studies of fossil insects in the Soviet Union and who in 1925 wrote a paper about its discovery.[7][11][12]

Characteristics

Unlike most

Forficulina suborder, Archidermapteron martynovi had cerci, that were as long as its thorax and abdomen combined, or about 80% of the length of its body.[8] This would have been longer than their antennae.[8] By contrast, most male Common earwigs, Forficula auricularia, have cerci that are slightly less than the length of their abdomen, but in rare cases can reach lengths that are slightly longer.[13] Common earwigs' cerci almost never reach lengths longer than their abdomen, let alone their abdomen and thorax combined.[13]

The species' cerci themselves could be described as being more bead-like (filiform) than the thicker cerci, specifically known as forceps, of most other earwigs.

Hemimerina, which are rare and contain few individuals.[14]

In order to open their wings, extant species of

Forficulina is probably not an adaptation for wing folding. Instead, it is likely that the cerci of Archidermapteron martynovi served a function similar to that of an insect's antennae: touch.[7]

Phylogenesis

Forficulina
.

According to the research of Dr. Fabian Hass, an

Turanovia, but around the same time period as Asiodiplatys, Microdiplatys, and Protodiplatys.[18] He bases this assumption on the shape of the fossils' cerci: Archidermateron, Asiodiplatys, Microdiplatys, and Protodiplatys all had cerci that were long and filiform, while Dermapteron had cerci that were short and more forcep-like.[19]
Therefore, Turanovia would have been in between both groups.

Willmann also discovered that Archidermaptera cannot be a

Forficulina is descended from Archidermaptera, but is not included in Archidermaptera, but rather its own group. Therefore, Archidermaptera is not monophyletic, but instead paraphyletic, meaning that the group contains its most recent common ancestor, but does not contain all of the descendants of that ancestor.[7]

However, this does not necessarily mean that Willmann's hypothesis is correct.[7] According to Dr. V. N. Vishnyakova, in an article written by her in the Paleontological Journal, Willmann could be correct on some fronts, but wrong on others.[20] Although Vishnyakova did not address Willmann specifically (she wrote about it ten years earlier), her paper disagrees with Willmann's on the basis of the ordering of Semenviola, Semenoviolides, and Turanoderma, which are extinct genera in Forficulina. Mainstream science is still unsure of whose chart is more accurate: it all depends on the definitions of certain taxon, which can change from person to person.[7]

References

  1. ^ "Taxa display - Archidermapteron martynovi". Dermaptera Species File. speciesfile.org. Archived from the original on 2011-07-28. Retrieved 2009-04-11.
  2. ^ "Taxa display - Archidermapteron". Dermaptera Species File. speciesfile.org. Archived from the original on 2011-07-28. Retrieved 2009-04-11.
  3. ^ Species Search Results for Archidermapteron Global Biodiversity Information Facility
  4. ^ The Paleobiology Database
  5. ^ The Paleobiology Database
  6. ^ Каратау [Karatau] (in Russian) – via Google Translate.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Hass, Fabian (January 1996). "Archidermaptera". Tree of Life. The University of Arizona College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and The University of Arizona Library. Archived from the original on 2008-07-18. Retrieved 2009-04-12.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Dr. A.P. Rasnitsyn; Dr. R.L. Kaesler (1992). "Tree of Life Web Project - Details for Media ID# 852". Tree of Life. Russian Academy of Science. Archived from the original on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2009-04-12.
  9. ^ [0].s=20&c[0].p=0&c[0].o=16339748 [dead link]
  10. ^ Occurrence ID: 35447241 GBIF.org
  11. ^ Martynov, A. (1925) "On a new interesting fossil beetle from the Jurassic beds in Northern Turkestan". Revue russe d'Entomologie, 19, 73-78.
  12. ^ Andrey Martynov's biography (in Russian), website of the Laboratory of Arthropods, Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; accessed April 26, 2009
  13. ^ Hass, Fabian (July 1996). "Dermaptera". Tree of Life. The University of Arizona College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and The University of Arizona Library. Archived from the original on 2009-04-28. Retrieved 2009-04-12.
  14. ^ Kleinow, W. (1966) Untersuchungen zum Flügelmechanismus der Dermapteren. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere, 56, 363-416.
  15. ^ Hass, Fabian (2007). "Welcome to the Earwig Research Centre". Earwig Research Centre. Heilbronn. Archived from the original on 2009-04-02. Retrieved 2009-04-12.
  16. ^ Hass, Fabian (2007). "Earwig Research Centre :: People". Earwig Research Centre. Heilbronn. Archived from the original on 2009-04-02. Retrieved 2009-04-12.
  17. ^ Willmann, R. (1990) Die Bedeutung paläontologischer Daten für die zoologische Systematik. Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft, 83, 277-289.
  18. ^ Dr. A.P. Rasnitsyn; Dr. R.L. Kaesler (1992). "Tree of Life Web Project - Details for Media ID# 3084". Tree of Life. Russian Academy of Science. Archived from the original on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
  19. ^ Vishnyakova, V.N. (1980) Earwigs from the Upper Jurassic of the Karatau range. Paleontological Journal, 1, 78-95.

External links

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