Arthur Umbers

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Arthur Umbers
Second World War
AwardsDistinguished Flying Cross and bar

Arthur Ernest Umbers

Second World War. He was credited with the destruction of five German aircraft as well at least fifteen V-1 flying bombs
.

Born in

Dortmund-Ems Canal
.

Early life

Arthur Ernest Umbers, nicknamed 'Spike', was born on 30 June 1919 in

Dunedin, New Zealand,[1][2] the oldest son of Mr. R. A Umbers and his wife.[3] He went to Green Island School and then Otago Boys' High School. After completing his schooling, he worked in Wellington for the New Zealand Government and later moved to Dunedin, where he was a clerk for the Tourist Bureau.[4][5]

Second World War

Umbers formally joined the Royal New Zealand Air Force on 24 November 1940, enlisting as an airman pilot with the service number 404003. After initial training at Levin, he proceeded to No. 1 Elementary Flying Training School at Taieri. In February the following year, he embarked for Canada for further flight training. This was undertaken at No. 6 Service Flying Training School near Dunnville. He earned his flying badge in June and was promoted to sergeant. He was subsequently commissioned as a pilot officer.[5]

Proceeding onto the United Kingdom to serve with the Royal Air Force (RAF), Umbers was sent to No. 53 Operational Training Unit for familiarisation on the Supermarine Spitfire fighter. He was then posted to No. 74 Squadron in late August.[1][5] At the time he joined the unit, it was based at Acklington, in the north of England, and was equipped with Spitfires. It saw little action for the next several weeks, mostly carrying out protective convoy patrols.[6]

Service with No. 486 Squadron

A group of No. 486 Squadron personnel with one of its Hawker Hurricanes; Umbers stands fourth left

In mid-March 1942, Umbers was transferred to the RAF's

Flight Lieutenant Harvey Sweetman and Umbers on 27 April.[7] The squadron was also involved with the experimental Turbinlite program, cooperating with No. 1451 Flight. This used a Douglas A-20 Havoc equipped with a searchlight in its nose. When operating interception missions at night, it would use its radar equipment to locate enemy aircraft, then illuminate them with the searchlight once spotted so that an accompanying Hurricane could endeavour to shoot it down. Umbers was in charge of one of the Hurricane detachments involved in the program, which was ultimately unsuccessful.[7][8]

The squadron's regular night-fighting operations were mostly uneventful. After a number of weeks it was switched to day-fighters, converting to the Hawker Typhoon.[7] From October, and now operating from West Malling and then Tangmere, it was regularly flying missions intercepting incoming Luftwaffe Rhubarb missions.[9][10] On 22 December, while Umbers, now holding the rank of flying officer, and his wingman were on patrol, a Dornier Do 217 medium bomber was spotted 5 miles (8.0 km) away. He and his wingman attacked, setting the engines of the Do 217 on fire and it crashed into the sea.[1][11][12]

Umbers was promoted to flight lieutenant in January 1943, which coincided with him taking over as one of No. 486 Squadron's

London Gazette
. The published citation read:

This officer has taken part in a very large number of varied operations. In operations against shipping he has always pressed home his attacks with great vigour and has obtained several hits. In air combat, Flight Lieutenant Umbers has displayed great keenness and determination, setting a fine example. He has shared in the destruction of an enemy bomber.

— London Gazette, No. 36161, 7 September 1943[13]

On 24 September Umbers damaged a Fw 190 southeast of Trouville and shortly afterwards was taken off operations. He was briefly assigned to the headquarters of Fighter Command in a staff role but in late October he was sent to Hawker Siddeley, the aircraft manufacturer, as a test pilot. Harvey Sweetman, his former flight commander, was already there flying in the same capacity. Umbers fulfilled a similar role for the Gloster Aircraft Company from November through to April 1944, at which time he was posted to No. 3 Squadron, at the time operating the Hawker Tempest fighter.[1][5][14]

Defending against V-1 flying bombs

No. 3 Squadron's operational role was to fly

King George VI.[18]
The published citation read:

This officer has led his flight on very many sorties during which military transport, railway communications, ammunition dumps and other targets on the ground have been attacked with excellent results; on one occasion 8 locomotives were destroyed. By his great skill and unbeatable determination, Flight Lieutenant Umbers has played a worthy part in the successes achieved. He is a most inspiring leader.

— London Gazette, No. 36625, 25 July 1944[19]

Over the next several weeks, Umbers accounted for at least fifteen V-1s in total, including three on one

No. 122 Wing, supporting the Allied troops as they advanced into France. He was also credited with damaging a Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter near Nijmegen on 21 October.[1][21]

Squadron command

Umbers stands far right with fellow squadron commanders of No. 122 Wing; Evan Mackie (first left), commander of No. 80 Squadron and Keith Thiele (second left), commander of No. 3 Squadron; the wing commander, Patrick Jameson stands next to Umbers; all were New Zealanders

Promoted to

United States 1st Army in the St. Vith area, his Tempest was damaged by American anti-aircraft fire. He crashed behind Allied lines and had a heated argument with American troops over the incident.[24] Ten days later, near Rheine airfield in Germany, he shot down a Bf 109.[1]

Umbers was killed on 14 February while attacking barges on the

Dortmund-Ems Canal, near Meppen. His Tempest was hit by flak, rolled out of control into the ground and exploded. He had been due to go to England, where his wife was about to give birth to their child.[1][25] He is buried at Munster Heath War Cemetery in Germany.[5][26]

At the time of his death, Umbers was credited with having shot down five German aircraft, with one of these shared with another pilot. He is also credited with one aircraft probably destroyed and two damaged. He is responsible for having destroyed between fifteen and twenty-eight V-1 flying bombs, with sources having varying totals.[1]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Shores & Williams 1994, p. 599.
  2. ^ a b Sortehaug 1998, p. 59.
  3. ^ "For the Empire's Cause". Otago Daily Times. No. 25951. 18 September 1945. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  4. ^ "Distinguished Pilot Squadron Leader A. E. Umbers: Death Officially Presumed". Otago Daily Times. No. 25951. 18 September 1945. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Martyn 2008, p. 483.
  6. ^ Rawlings 1976, pp. 186–188.
  7. ^ a b c Thompson 1953, pp. 335–336.
  8. ^ Sortehaug 1998, pp. 14–16.
  9. ^ a b Rawlings 1976, pp. 451–452.
  10. ^ Mitchell 1945, pp. 161–162.
  11. ^ Mitchell 1945, p. 163.
  12. ^ Thompson 1953, p. 357.
  13. ^ "No. 36161". The London Gazette. 7 September 1943. p. 3972.
  14. ^ Sortehaug 1998, p. 95.
  15. ^ Rawlings 1976, p. 20.
  16. ^ Lambert 2011, p. 324.
  17. ^ Lambert 2011, pp. 327–329.
  18. ^ a b Sortehaug 1998, p. 193.
  19. ^ "No. 36625". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 July 1944. p. 3465.
  20. ^ Sortehaug 1998, pp. 155–157.
  21. ^ Rawlings 1976, p. 21.
  22. ^ Sortehaug 1998, p. 190.
  23. ^ Sortehaug 1998, pp. 205–207.
  24. ^ Lambert 2014, pp. 266–267.
  25. ^ Lambert 2014, p. 193.
  26. ^ "Casualty Details: Squadron Leader Arthur Ernest Umbers". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved 28 May 2022.

References

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