Australian rules football in the Northern Territory
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Australian rules football in the Northern Territory | |
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Nguiu stadium. Mulluwurri vs Pumurali | |
Governing body | AFL Northern Territory |
First played | 12 February 1916, Darwin |
Registered players | 10,021 (2022)[1] |
Club competitions | |
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Australian Football in the Northern Territory (The Territory) (typically referred to by its official name "Australian Football" or more simply as "football" or "footy") is the most popular
18% of all Territorians in 2017 participated in Australian Football,[2] the highest participation in Australia (and second worldwide only to Australian rules football in Nauru). The sport also produces more professional Australian Footballers per capita in the Australian Football League than any other state or territory.
The Territory is home to several representative teams, most notably the Indigenous All-Stars and the Flying Boomerangs. Both Darwin and Alice Springs have strong local competitions, the semi-professional Northern Territory Football League and Central Australian Football League which draw a significant audience. A professional club, the Northern Territory Football Club (NT Thunder) was formed in 2008 and competed in the second tier semi-national NEAFL competition. The Territory hosts two to three AFL premiership matches a year, currently home games for the Gold Coast Suns (since 2020). Since the first matches were played in the Territory (Western Bulldogs home games from 2004 to 2010) AFL attendances have averaged 9,320, however they have steadily declined from a peak of 14,100 in 2006 to under 8,000 while attendances to local competitions has increased. Following a 2018 scoping study, in 2021 the Northern Territory AFL taskforce launched an official bid to enter a team into the national Australian Football League (AFL) competition which is under consideration by the league for entry around 2030.[3]
The Territory briefly had its own team making its
Since the debut of
History
Prior to separation from South Australia, during the 1870s and 1880s the local media reported almost equally on both Australian rules and rugby, there was a growing awareness of international rugby and also of both American football and soccer. Australian rules began to gain favour in the Territory late 1880s due mainly to South Australia's involvement in intercolonials with Victoria. Apart from the difficulties presented by distance and population, attempts to form a local football club were hampered by the lack of an oval, with the only available oval in being by destroyed white ants.[5] Following separation from South Australia in 1911, soccer was the first form of football played in the Territory, against sailors in 1912, however there were insufficient local footballers to field a full team.[6]
Reuben Cooper Snr, an Iwaidja, is credited with introducing Australian rules football in Darwin in 1915 after learning the game while boarding at St Peter's College, Adelaide.[7] The first rugby match was played on 3 February 1916, and an Australian rules match was also planned for that day but proved difficult to organise due to insufficient numbers.[8] The first recorded match of Australian Football in Darwin was played in Saturday 12 February 1916 on Darwin Town Oval between Red and Blue (32) and Red and White (20).[9] It was followed by a second match the following Saturday organised as a Red Cross fundraiser.[10] The NT Football Association was formed shortly thereafter with its first regular competition matches beginning in March 1916.[11]
The Northern Territory Football League chose to play in the Northern Territory's 'wet season', primarily due to hard playing surfaces during the 'dry season'. Games were played on the Esplanade or Town Oval.[12] Most other leagues in Australia operate during the winter, but since the Territory does not have a winter, it is played at different times. The Wanderers Football Club were the founding members of the league in 1916.
Australian rules was introduced to Port Keats (now Wadeye) by Father Richard Docherty with the commencement of the local mission Werntek Nganayi in 1935.[13]
By 1940, football matches in Darwin were not only highly popular with the indigenous community but also highly multicultural with a high percentage of the crowd being Chinese.[14]
John Pye and Andy Howley introduced Australian rules football to the Tiwi Islands in 1941, which grew to become the most popular sport there.[15] Within a couple of decades, the major Australian leagues began to take an interest with the first player offered a contract being Joe Saturninas in 1955[16] followed by the more successful David Kantilla in the SANFL and later by Maurice Rioli in the VFL. Today around a third of the Territorians in the national AFL are from the two islands. The Tiwi Islands Football League is a strong competition which feeds players into the NTFL. Skills of the TIFL players are widely celebrated. The TIFL Grand Final is the largest event on the island and a major tourist drawcard.
The Central Australian Football Association began in 1947 and quickly became Alice Springs most popular sport.
In 1954 the NTFL moved from the ageing Darwin Town Oval to the newly opened Gardens Oval.[17]
In 1974, the Gove Australian Football League began, establishing the sport in
In 1991, Marrara Oval was increased in capacity, and became the new home for the NTFL and AFL matches. The first AFL pre-season fixture between Collingwood and West Coast was played in February 1992 in front of a crowd of 11,000 spectators.[18]
In 1991, Darwin hosted the first Arafura Games, the first international competition to include the sport of Australian Rules, and local teams have competed against nations from around the world. The city has hosted the games since.
Since the late 1990s, the
Recent History
In 2000 the Tanami Football League was formed in the Yuendumu region.
In 2002, a record crowd of 17,500 attended an AFL pre-season practice between the Indigenous All-Stars and Carlton Football Club.
However, in a deal struck with the Northern Territory government, Melbourne based Western Bulldogs AFL side has played several home games a year at Marrara Oval.
The first NT women's league was founded in 2004 as a division of the NTFL in Darwin.
In 2004, Alice Springs main ground Traeger Park was re-developed and has hosted several AFL exhibition matches.
In 2007, a representative side began in earnest a campaign to join a major league, the
In 2009, a league was established on Groote Eylandt which quickly became popular. In 2012, the Wilurrara Tjataku Football League was established due to the substantial obstacles faced by remote communities to travel to Alice Springs.[19]
In 2017, the AFL's
NT women will play a prominent role in the
- Wanderers: Sophie Armitstead, midfield/defender; Stevie-Lee Thompson, midfielder.
- Waratahs: Ange Foley, midfielder; Abbey Holmes, forward; Heather Anderson, defender; Lauren O'Shea defender/ruck.
- St Marys: Tayla Thorn, utility.
- Tracy Village: Sally Riley, utility.
- Darwin Buffaloes: Jasmine Anderson, midfielder.[22]
Team of the Century
On 3 September 2016 the AFLNT named their team of the 20th century.[23]
Backs: | Joel Bowden | Russell Jeffrey | Bill Dempsey |
Half Backs: | Nathan Buckley | Michael Athanasiou | Michael McLean |
Centres: | Michael Long | Andrew McLeod (c) | John Tye |
Half Forwards: | Michael Graham | Joe Bonson | Maurice Rioli |
Forwards: | Darryl White | Dennis Dunn | Clifford Lew Fatt |
Followers: | David Kantilla | Reuben Cooper Sr | Cyril Rioli Jr |
Interchange: | Gilbert McAdam | Jimmy Anderson | Walter Lew Fatt |
Cyril Rioli Sr |
Coach of the Century: John Taylor.
Representative Sides
The Northern Territory was represented in early
At Under 16 and Under 18 level, the territory fields teams in the national championships.
The Indigenous All-Stars, a team composed of indigenous Australian players mostly from the AFL and all over the country, are based in Darwin. Darwin is also home of the Flying Boomerangs, the junior indigenous side, which has toured the world to play matches against other countries.
Participation
In 2017, AFLNT reported 44,729 direct participants in Australian Rules through official competitions or programs, which makes up 18% of the NT population. There are also around 15,000 more participants in AFL promotional activities.
Around half of all participants are in non-metropolitan areas of the Territory, and a growing 34% of participants are women.[24]
The Tiwi Islands is said to have the highest participation rate in Australia (35%) [1].
Audience
Attendance Record
- 17,500 (2002). (AFL pre-season practice) Indigenous All-Stars vs Carlton. (Marrara Oval, Darwin)
Major Australian Rules Events in the Northern Territory
- Northern Territory Football League Grand Final
- Tiwi Islands Football League Grand Final
- Arafura Games (quadrennial)
- Australian Football League Premiership Season (Melbourne 'home' games)
Players
Greats
The Northern Territory has produced a disproportionate amount of talent for elite leagues such as the
Australian Football Hall of Famers include: Maurice Rioli, Michael Long, Andrew McLeod and Nathan Buckley.
Other notable players include:
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Andrew McLeod is from Darwin
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Nathan Buckley lived in Darwin
-
Shaun Burgoyne was born in Darwin
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Cyril Rioli is from the Tiwi Islands
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Anthony McDonald-Tipungwuti is from the Tiwi Islands
-
Joel Bowden lived in Alice Springs
-
Brad Ottens was raised in Katherine
-
Peter Burgoyne is from Darwin
-
Aaron Davey is from Darwin
-
Matthew Stokesis from Darwin
-
Jared Brennan is from Darwin
-
Matthew Whelan is from Darwin
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Daniel Motlop is from Darwin
-
Richard Tambling is from Darwin
Men's
AFL players from the NT
-
Maurice Rioli Jris from the Tiwi Islands
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Keidean Coleman was born in Katherine
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Zac Bailey was raised in Darwin
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Brandan Parfitt is from Darwin
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Steven May is from Darwin
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Ben Long is from the Tiwi Islands
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Willie Rioli is from the Tiwi Islands
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Steven Motlop is from Darwin
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Jake Neade is from Elliott
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Jed Anderson is from Katherine
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Daniel Rioli is from the Tiwi Islands
Player | NT junior/senior club/s | Representative honours | AFL Years | AFL Games | AFL (Goals) | Connections to Northern Territory, Notes & References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lloyd Johnston | NT Thunder |
2023- | 1 | - | Raised in Borroloola (Yanyuwa) | |
Jack Peris | Nightcliff | 2023- | 1 | - | Raised in Darwin | |
Alwyn Davey Jr. | Palmerston | 2023- | 1 | 1 | Raised in Darwin | |
Jesse Motlop | Wanderers | 2022- | 33 | 26 | Raised in Darwin | |
Maurice Rioli Jr |
St Mary's | U16 (2017, 2018), U18 (2019) | 2021- | 11 | 11 | Raised in Melville Island, Tiwi Islands and Darwin
|
Joel Jeffrey | Darwin | 2021- | 4 | 2 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Malcolm Rosas Jr |
NT Thunder |
2020- | 7 | 4 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Keidean Coleman | - | 2020- | 17 | 8 | Born in Katherine, raised in Barunga | |
Sam Walsh | Nightcliff | U12 | 2019- | 98 | 37 | Played junior football |
Willie Rioli | - | 2018- | 40 | 51 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands | |
Zac Bailey | Southern Districts | 2018- | 79 | 72 | Raised in Darwin | |
Brandan Parfitt | NT Thunder |
2017- | 95 | 41 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Ben Long | NT Thunder |
2017- | 64 | 26 | Born in Darwin, raised on Tiwi Islands | |
Ryan Nyhuis | NT Thunder |
2017-2019 | 17 | 5 | Raised in Darwin | |
Anthony McDonald-Tipungwuti | Tiwi Bombers |
2016- | 133 | 157 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands | |
Daniel Rioli | St Mary's | 2016- | 123 | 90 | Raised on Tiwi Islands | |
Jake Long | NT Thunder |
2016-2019 | 5 | 1 | Raised in Darwin | |
Nakia Cockatoo | Humpty Doo Bombers / NT Thunder |
2015- | 38 | 30 | Raised at Humpty Doo | |
Jake Neade | - | 2013- | 66 | 55 | Born and raised in Elliot | |
Jed Anderson | NT Thunder |
2013- | 85 | 29 | Born and raised in Katherine | |
Dom Barry | Federal |
2013-2018 | 10 | 0 | Raised in Alice Springs | |
Curtly Hampton | NT Thunder |
2012-2018 | 60 | 12 | Raised in Alice Springs and Darwin (NT Zone Selection) | |
Shaun Edwards | St Mary's | 2012-2017 | 24 | 10 | Raised in Darwin | |
Steven May | Southern Districts | 2011- | 179 | 23 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Steven Motlop | Wanderers | 2011- | 212 | 228 | Raised in Darwin | |
Liam Patrick | Lajamanu / Wanderers | 2011-2013 | 13 | 6 | Born and raised in Lajamanu
| |
Allen Christensen | St Mary's | 2010-2020 | 133 | 114 | Raised in Darwin | |
Troy Taylor | South Alice Springs |
2010 | 4 | 3 | Born and raised in Alice Springs | |
Relton Roberts | Arnhem / NT Thunder |
2010 | 2 | 0 | Born in Ngukurr and raised in Katherine and Darwin | |
Liam Jurrah | Yuendumu / Nightcliff | 2009-2012 | 36 | 81 | Born and raised in Yuendumu | |
Cyril Rioli | St Mary's | U16 (2005) | 2008-2018 | 189 | 275 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands and Darwin |
Austin Wonaeamirri | Tiwi Bombers |
U18 (2007) | 2008-2011 | 31 | 37 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands and Darwin |
Marlon Motlop | Wanderers | 2008-2011 | 5 | 2 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Cameron Stokes | Darwin | 2008-2010 | 20 | 8 | Raised in Darwin | |
Alwyn Davey | - | 2007-2013 | 100 | 120 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Nathan Djerrkura | - | 2007-2012 | 25 | 8 | Born and raised in Yirrkala | |
Matt Campbell | - | 2007-2012 | 82 | 79 | Born and raised in Alice Springs | |
Malcolm Lynch | - | 2007 | 2 | 0 | Born and raised in the Tiwi Islands | |
Joe Anderson | Darwin | 2007-2010 | 12 | 0 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Mathew Stokes | Palmerston | U16 (2005) | 2006-2016 | 200 | 209 | Born and raised in Darwin |
Richard Tambling | Southern Districts | 2005-2013 | 124 | 62 | Born in Northern Territory, raised in Jabiru and Darwin | |
Tom Logan | Waratah | 2004-2014 | 117 | 27 | Raised in Darwin | |
Aaron Davey | Palmerston | 2004-2013 | 178 | 174 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Raphael Clarke | St Mary's | 2004-2012 | 86 | 9 | Born in Yirrkala and raised in Darwin | |
Anthony Corrie | Nightcliff | 2004-2010 | 56 | 50 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Jared Brennan | Southern Districts | 2003-2013 | 173 | 101 | Raised in Darwin | |
Trent Hentschel | Palmerston | 2003-2010 | 71 | 94 | Raised in Darwin | |
Jason Roe | Nightcliff | 2003-2009 | 50 | 7 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Richard Cole | Pioneer |
2002-2007 | 63 | 6 | Raised in Alice Springs | |
Xavier Clarke | St Mary's | 2002-2011 | 106 | 49 | Raised in Darwin | |
Shaun Burgoyne | - | 2001-2021 | 407 | 302 | Born in Darwin | |
Daniel Motlop | - | 2001-2011 | 130 | 208 | Born in Darwin | |
Patrick Bowden | Rovers |
2001-2007 | 75 | 70 | Raised in Alice Springs | |
Aaron Shattock | Southern Districts | 2000-2006 | 68 | 16 | Raised in Darwin | |
Matthew Whelan | Darwin | 2000-2009 | 150 | 15 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Shannon Rusca | Southern Districts | 2000-2002 | 2 | 0 | Raised in Darwin | |
Shannon Motlop | Wanderers | 1999-2006 | 64 | 36 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands and Darwin | |
Dean Rioli | Waratah | 1999-2006 | 100 | 91 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands | |
Fred Campbell | Pioneer |
1999-2000 | 12 | 7 | Raised in Alice Springs | |
Brad Ottens | - | 1998-2011 | 245 | 261 | Raised in Katherine | |
Peter Burgoyne | St Mary's | 1997-2009 | 240 | 193 | Raised in Darwin | |
Joel Bowden | West Alice Springs |
U18 (1993) | 1996-2009 | 265 | 171 | Raised in Alice Springs |
Steven Koops | Southern Districts | 1996-2005 | 89 | 49 | Raised in Darwin | |
Ronnie Burns | St Mary's | 1996-2004 | 154 | 262 | Raised in Melville Island, Tiwi Islands and Darwin
| |
Mark West | Darwin | 1996-1998 | 16 | 3 | Raised in Darwin | |
Gary Dhurrkay | Wanderers | 1995-2000 | 72 | 66 | Raised in Darwin | |
Scott Chisolm | St Mary's | 1995-2000 | 81 | 33 | Raised in Darwin | |
Andrew Mcleod |
Darwin | 1995-2010 | 340 | 275 | Born and raised in Darwin and Katherine | |
Robert Ahmat | Darwin | 1995-2001 | 67 | 68 | Raised in Darwin | |
Shawn Lewfatt | Darwin | 1995 | 3 | 2 | Raised in Darwin | |
Warren Campbell | St Mary's | 1994-1995 | 19 | 17 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Lachlan Ross | West Alice Springs |
1994 | 2 | 1 | Raised in Alice Springs | |
Nathan Buckley | Nightcliff / Southern Districts | U18 (1983, 1984), QLD/NT (1993) | 1993-2007 | 280 | 284 | Raised in Darwin |
Adrian McAdam | Southern Districts | NT (c) | 1993-1995 | 36 | 92 | Born and raised in Alice Springs and Darwin |
Daryl White |
Pioneer |
U18 (1990), QLD/NT (1993) | 1992-2005 | 268 | 165 | Born and raised in Alice Springs |
Adam Kerinaiua | North Darwin | 1992 | 3 | 1 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands | |
Fabian Francis | Southern Districts | QLD/NT (1993) | 1991-2000 | 109 | 61 | Born and raised in Darwin |
Allen Jakovich | Southern Districts | 1991-1996 | 54 | 208 | Lived there, played in NTFL prior to AFL career | |
Gilbert McAdam | Southern Districts | QLD/NT (1993) | 1991-1996 | 111 | 89 | Born and raised in Alice Springs and Darwin |
Matthew Ahmat | Darwin | 1991-1994 | 8 | 1 | Born and raised in Alice Springs and Darwin | |
Brian Stanislaus | St Mary's | 1991 | 1 | 0 | Born and raised on the Tiwi Islands | |
Michael Long | - | 1988, QLD/NT (1993) | 1989-2001 | 190 | 143 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands |
Kevin Caton | Darwin | 1988 | 1988-1991 | 18 | 18 | Raised in Darwin |
Bob Jones | Waratah | 1988 | 1988-1989 | 20 | 2 | Raised in Darwin |
Greg McAdam | - | 1985 | 10 | 13 | Born in Alice Springs | |
Russell Jeffrey | St Mary's / Wanderers | 1988 | 1987-1992 | 50 | 4 | Raised in Darwin |
Michael McLean | Nightcliff | 1988, QLD/NT (1993 vc) | 1983-1997 | 184 | 40 | Born and raised in Darwin |
Maurice Rioli | St Mary's | 1988 (3 caps) | 1982-1987 | 118 | 80 | Born and raised on Tiwi Islands and Darwin |
Kelly O'Donnell | - | 1988 | 1979-1984 | 80 | 67 | Lived there |
Reuben Cooper | Darwin | 1969 | 2 | 0 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Elkin Reilly | - | 1962-1966 | 51 | 2 | Born in Alpurrurulam |
Women's
Without a local AFLW club, the NT government had an investment partnership with Adelaide women's club between 2017 and 2019 and the club played home games in NT. Early in the AFLW many of the women's players started their career in Adelaide with the Adelaide Crows until the introduction of expansion clubs. As such there was a very strong NT influence in the early years of the Adelaide women's side.
AFLW players from the NT
-
Danielle Ponter is from Darwin
-
Jasmyn Hewett lived in Darwin
-
Ange Foleylived in Darwin
-
Stevie-Lee Thompson lived in Darwin
Player | NT junior/senior club/s | Representative honours | AFLW Years | AFLW Games | AFLW (Goals) | Connections to Northern Territory, Notes & References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mattea Breed | Darwin, NT Thunder | 2023- | 1 | - | Raised in Darwin | |
Ashanti Bush | NT Thunder | 2022- | 7 | 2 | Raised in Wugularr and Darwin (Maiawali, Iwaidja, Yolngu) | |
Janet Baird | Palmerston, NT Thunder | 2021- | 4 | 0 | Raised in Arnhem Land (Tiwi) | |
Stephanie Williams | Darwin | 2021- | 4 | 0 | Born in Darwin, raised in Mandorah (Larrakia)
| |
Danielle Ponter | St Mary's | 2019- | 35 | 35 | Born and raised in Darwin | |
Jordann Hickey | NT Thunder | 2019-2021 | 9 | 1 | Raised in Alice Springs | |
Jasmyn Hewett | St Mary's | 2018- | 16 | 3 | Lived in Darwin | |
Stevie-Lee Thompson | Wanderers | 2017- | 51 | 24 | Lived in Darwin | |
Ange Foley |
Waratah | 2017- | 50 | 4 | Lived in Darwin | |
Abbey Holmes | Waratah | 2017-2018 | 11 | 3 | Lived in Darwin | |
Alicia Janz | - | 2017-2021 | 20 | 0 | Born in Katherine | |
Sally Riley | Tracy Village | 2017-2021 | 14 | 4 | Raised in Darwin | |
Tayla Thorn | Southern Districts | 2017-2020 | 8 | 0 | Born and raised in Humpty Doo | |
Sophie Armitstead | Wanderers | 2017-2018 | 4 | 0 | Raised in Darwin | |
Heather Anderson | Waratah | 2017 | 8 | 0 | Lived in and recruited from Darwin |
Leagues
For a list of clubs in each league, see
Open
State-wide leagues
Darwin metropolitan leagues
Regional leagues
- Central Australian Football League
- Barkly Australian Football League
- Katherine District Football League
- Gove Australian Football League
- Tiwi Islands Football League
- Wilurrara Tjataku Football League
- Tanami Football League
- CAFL Country League
Women's
- Northern Territory Women's Aussie Rules Football Association Official Site
Masters
Principal venues
Darwin | Alice Springs | Darwin |
---|---|---|
Marrara Oval | Traeger Park | Gardens Oval |
Capacity: 14,000 | Capacity: 10,000 | Capacity: Unknown |
See also
References
- ^ AUSPlay Australian Football in NT
- ^ "Participation rates in the NT is greatest of all". AFL Northern Territory. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
- ^ Northern Territory AFL taskforce pushes ahead with ambitious bid to establish locally-based team By Housnia Shams for ABC News 16 Apr 2022
- ^ Morris, Grey (9 May 2008). "First of NT's legion of stars". Northern Territory News.
- ^ "The North Australian". North Australian (Darwin). Vol. VI, no. 5. Northern Territory, Australia. 30 June 1888. p. 2. Retrieved 11 April 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- Northern Territory Times and Gazette. Vol. XXXVII, no. 1991. Northern Territory, Australia. 5 January 1912. p. 3. Retrieved 11 April 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ ABORIGINAL HISTORY 1992 pg 17. Editors: John Mulvaney, Peter Grimshaw.
- Northern Territory Times and Gazette. Vol. XL, no. 2203. Northern Territory, Australia. 27 January 1916. p. 18. Retrieved 11 April 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- Northern Territory Times and Gazette. Vol. XL, no. 2206. Northern Territory, Australia. 17 February 1916. p. 7. Retrieved 11 April 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- Northern Territory Times and Gazette. Vol. XL, no. 2206. Northern Territory, Australia. 17 February 1916. p. 10. Retrieved 11 April 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- Northern Territory Times and Gazette. Vol. XL, no. 2209. Northern Territory, Australia. 9 March 1916. p. 13. Retrieved 11 April 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "AFL NT" (PDF). Northern Territory Football League. Northern Territory Football League. December 1995. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- ^ The True Magic Of Wadeye by Wesley Hull for the Footy Almanac 7 January 2015
- ^ "In Darwin Football Is Different". The Herald. No. 19599. Victoria, Australia. 9 March 1940. p. 35. Retrieved 1 June 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Football No. 1 Sport' For Island Natives". The Daily News. Vol. LXVI, no. 22, 861. Western Australia. 19 July 1948. p. 3 (HOME). Retrieved 17 May 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Adelaide Offer To Aboriginal Footballer". The Canberra Times. Vol. 29, no. 8, 548. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 28 May 1955. p. 8. Retrieved 17 May 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- Northern Standard. Vol. 9, no. 31. Northern Territory, Australia. 28 October 1954. p. 3. Retrieved 5 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Matthews angry at trek north to lose". The Canberra Times. Vol. 66, no. 20, 756. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 10 February 1992. p. 21. Retrieved 3 May 2022 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ History of the Wilurrara Tjataku Football League
- ^ Grassy CAFL Country League debut on Santa Teresa Oval from Melbourne Crisket Club 20th June, 2021
- ^ McGowan, Marc (27 December 2016). "St Mary's and Federal win flags while Territory Thunder makes a change at the top". ntnews.com.au.
- ^ "AFL Women's Quick Guide". afc.com.au. 12 January 2017.
- ^ McLeod captain, Riolis prominent in AFLNT Team of Century
- ^ "Participation rates in the NT is greatest of all". AFL Northern Territory. Retrieved 15 March 2018.