Banda della Magliana
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Founded | 1975 |
---|---|
Founded by | political terrorism |
Allies | NAR Sicilian Mafia Camorra |
Rivals | Proietti clan |
The Banda della Magliana (Italian pronunciation: , of some of its members.
The Banda della Magliana was heavily involved in criminal activities during Italy's
The Banda della Magliana was involved with the usual activities of Italian criminal gangs, such as drug dealing, horserace betting, and
History
Beginnings
The first criminal act of the Banda della Magliana was the kidnapping of duke Massimiliano Grazioli Lante della Rovere on 7 November 1977, against a ransom. The duke was murdered but the ransom obtained anyhow, 1,500,000,000 lire of the time. Instead of spending everything, the group decided to keep the savings to invest in crime in Rome and take over the capital.
Unlike the
Far-right ties and Mino Pecorelli's assassination
Some gang members, including founder Franco Giuseppucci, were
The deal did not last long, as Aldo Semerari was assassinated on 1 April 1982 in Ottaviano (Metropolitan City of Naples). He had made the same deal with Raffaele Cutolo's Nuova Camorra Organizzata (NCO), as well as with the rival organization of the Cutolo, the Nuova Famiglia (NF) headed by Carmine Alfieri. This pleased neither Umberto Ammaturo's family nor the NCO. Beside being a famous far right criminologist, Aldo Semerari was also member of Propaganda Due (P2) masonic lodge and maintained links with the SISMI, the Italian military intelligence agency.
More important links were found between the Banda della Magliana and the
In the same basement were found ammunition cartridges of a brand not easy to find on the market (Gevelot, a French ammo manufacturer). Coming from the same lot were four bullets, of the same type and use, which marked them as the ones used for a specific homicide: Carmine Pecorelli, a journalist who had published allegations about Prime minister Giulio Andreotti's ties to the Mafia, and was murdered in 1979. Giulio Andreotti and his leading assistant Claudio Vitalone have been suspected in this assassination: Andreotti was convicted in November 2002 of ordering the murder of Pecorelli, and sentenced to twenty-four years imprisonment. But the eighty-three-year-old Andreotti was immediately released pending an appeal, and on 30 October 2003, an appeals court over-turned the conviction and acquitted Andreotti of the original murder charge.
During the trial, the Italian justice clearly proved the involvement of the banda della Magliana in Pecorelli's murder, although the person materially responsible for the killing, Massimo Carminati, was released. Also according to the judges, the trial proved "clear links between Claudio Vitalone and the banda della Magliana through the person of Enrico De Pedis," (alias Renatino, one of the leaders of the Banda della Magliana). They continued however by stating that the "probatory evidence was not unequivocal." Thus, due to insufficient evidence, Claudio Vitalone was released.
Roberto Calvi's case
In 1997, Italian prosecutors in Rome implicated a member of the Sicilian Mafia, Giuseppe Calò, in Calvi's murder, along with Flavio Carboni, a Sardinian businessman with wide-ranging interests. Two other men, Ernesto Diotallevi (purportedly one of the leaders of the Banda della Magliana) and former Mafia member turned informer Francesco Di Carlo, were also alleged to be involved in the killing.
On 19 July 2005, Licio Gelli, the grand master of the Propaganda Due or P2 masonic lodge, was formally indicted by magistrates in Rome for the murder of Calvi, along with Giuseppe Calò, Ernesto Diotallevi, Flavio Carboni and Carboni's Austrian ex-girlfriend, Manuela Kleinszig. Licio Gelli, in his statement before the court, blamed figures connected with Calvi's work financing Solidarność, allegedly on behalf of the Vatican. Gelli was accused of having provoked Calvi's death in order to punish him for embezzling money from Banco Ambrosiano that was owed to him and the Mafia. The Mafia was also claimed to have wanted to prevent Calvi from revealing that Banco Ambrosiano had been used for money laundering.
On 5 October 2005, the trial of the five individuals charged with Calvi's murder began in Rome. The defendants were Giuseppe Calò, Flavio Carboni, Manuela Kleinszig, Ernesto Diotallevi, and Calvi's former driver and bodyguard Silvano Vittor. The trial took place in a specially fortified courtroom in Rome's Rebibbia prison and was expected to last up to two years.[4]
On 6 June 2007, all five individuals were cleared by the court of murdering Calvi. Mario Lucio d'Andria, the presiding judge at the trial, threw out the charges citing "insufficient evidence" after hearing 20 months of evidence. The verdict was seen as a surprise by some observers. The court ruled that Calvi's death was murder and not suicide. The defence had suggested that there were plenty of people with a motive for Calvi's murder, including Vatican officials and Mafia figures who wanted to ensure his silence. Legal experts who had followed the trial said that the prosecutors found it hard to present a convincing case due to the 25 years that had elapsed since Calvi's death. An additional factor was that some key witnesses were unwilling to testify, untraceable, or dead. The prosecution had earlier called for Manuela Kleinszig to be cleared, stating that there was insufficient evidence against her, but it had sought life sentences for the four men.
On 7 May 2010, the Court of Appeals confirmed the acquittal of Calò, Carboni and Diotallevi. The public prosecutor Luca Tescaroli commented after the verdict that for the family "Calvi has been murdered for the second time." On 18 November 2011 the court of last resort, the Court of Cassation, confirmed the acquittal.
Furthermore, the son of Roberto Calvi has claimed that
Emanuela Orlandi
In 2005, an anonymous phone call broadcast by the Rai 3 TV live program Chi l'ha visto?, a transmission about missing people's finding, stated that in order to find a resolution on the Orlandi case, it would have to be discovered as to who is buried in Saint Apollinare church, and about the favour that Enrico De Pedis made to Cardinal Ugo Poletti at the time.
The
In February 2006, an ex-member of the Magliana Gang recognized behind the voice of Mario, one of the killers working for De Pedis. Mario was one of the anonymous persons who had phoned to propose the exchange of Emanuela Orlandi for Mehmet Ali Ağca.
Mafia Capitale
A police investigation by Rome's chief prosecutor Giuseppe Pignatone, revealed a network of corrupt relationships between some politicians and criminals in the Italian capital.[6][7][8][9][10]
On 18 December 2015, Alemanno was indicted for corruption and illicit financing. According to the accusation, Alemanno received €125,000 from the cooperatives' boss Salvatore Buzzi.[11] On 7 February 2017, the allegation of an external cooperation in a mafia association was filed, including the allegations of corruption and illicit funding.[12]
On 20 July 2017, Carminati was sentenced to 20 years in jail, along with other various sentences of his associates.[13] On 11 September 2018, on appeal, Carminati was sentenced to 14 years and six months, with Buzzi sentenced to 18 years and four months.[14]
Historical leadership
Bosses
- 1976-1980 - Franco "er Negro" Giuseppucci - murdered.
- 1980-1990 - Enrico "Renatino" De Pedis - murdered.
- 1990-1992 - Maurizio "Crispino" Abbatino - jailed and turned informant.
Historical battery (Batterie)
Magliana-Ostiense's battery
- 1976-1992 - Maurizio "Crispino" Abbatino
Testaccio-Trastevere's battery
- 1976-1980 - Ruling panel - Franco Giuseppucci, Enrico De Pedis
- 1980-1982 - Danilo "er Camaleonte" Abbruciati
- 1982-1992 - Raffaele "Palletta" Pernasetti
Ostia-Acilia's battery
- 1976-1981 - Nicolino "Sardo" Selis
- 1981-1992 - Antonio "Accattone" Mancini
Monte Sacro's battery
- 1976-1992 - Roberto Fittirillo
See also
References
- ^ "Così è stata stroncata la Banda della Magliana". it.insideover.com (in Italian).
- ^ "Informant reveals dark world of the Banda della Magliana". www.italianinsider.it. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
- ^ "ROME: GANGSTER ENTOMBED IN A PAPAL CRYPT. The Vatican, the Central Intelligence Agency, Emanuela Orlandi and the Entombment of Enrico De Pedis", at page 126 [at Lulu.com]
- ^ "Calvi murder trial opens in Rome". BBC News. 6 October 2005. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
- ^ "De Pedis traslato e cremato a Prima Porta: "Caso chiuso"". romatoday.it. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
- ^ Mackenzie, James (4 December 2014). "Rome mayor orders review of contracts amid graft scandal". Reuters. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
- ^ Mackenzie, James (4 June 2015). "Italy hit by new corruption scandal over migrant centres | Reuters". Uk.reuters.com. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
- ^ Squires, Nick. "'Mafia capital': Rome hit by mobster scandal". Telegraph. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
- ^ Povoledo, Elisabetta (12 December 2014). "World - Print Headline: "Italy Gasps as Inquiry Reveals Mob's Long Reach". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
- ^ "Ecco la 'mafia Capitale': 37 arresti per appalti del Comune. Indagato anche Alemanno". la Repubblica. 2 December 2014.
- ^ "Alemanno indicted in Rome Mafia case". ansa.it. 18 December 2015.
- ^ "Mafia Capitale, 113 archiviazioni. Alemanno: "Ora voglio le scuse"" (in Italian). adnkronos.com. 7 February 2017.
- ^ "Rome corruption gang leaders jailed". BBC News. 20 July 2017.
- ^ "Mondo di mezzo, sentenza d'appello: 18 anni a Buzzi, 14 anni a Carminati. C'è l'associazione mafiosa" (in Italian). rainews.it. 11 September 2018.
Further reading
- Banda della Magliana, by Otello Lupacchini
- Ragazzi di Malavita, by Giovanni Bianconi
- La Banda della Magliana, by Gianni Flamini
- Romanzo criminale, by Giancarlo De Cataldo