Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
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The Basic Points Unifying the Theravāda and the Mahāyāna is an important
Walpola Rahula to present a concise formula for the unification of all the different Buddhist traditions. This text was then unanimously approved by the council.[1]
Text of the original document
# The
Buddhais our only Master (teacher and guide)
- We take refuge in the
Three Jewels)- We do not believe that this world is created and ruled by a God.
- We consider that the purpose of life is to develop
prajñā) leading to the realization of Ultimate Truth- We accept the
duḥkha, the arising of duḥkha, the cessation of duḥkha, and the path leading to the cessation of duḥkha; and the law of cause and effect (pratītyasamutpāda)- All conditioned things (
anātma) (see trilaksana).- We accept the thirty-seven qualities conducive to enlightenment (
bodhipakṣadharma) as different aspects of the Path taught by the Buddha leading to Enlightenment.- There are
pratyekabuddha and as a samyaksambuddha (perfectly and fully enlightened Buddha). We accept it as the highest, noblest, and most heroic to follow the career of a Bodhisattvaand to become a samyaksambuddha in order to save others.- We admit that in different countries there are differences regarding Buddhist beliefs and practices. These external forms and expressions should not be confused with the essential teachings of the Buddha.
Expansion of the formula
Ven. Walpola Sri Rahula in 1981 [2] offered an alternative to the Eight-point formula above restating it as follows:
# Whatever our
sects, denominations or systems, as Buddhists we all accept the Buddha as our Masterwho gave us the Teaching.
- We all take refuge in the Triple Jewel: the Buddha, our Teacher; the Dhamma, his teaching; and the Sangha, the Community of holy ones. In other words, we take refuge in the Teacher, the Teaching and the Taught.
- Whether Theravāda or Mahāyāna, we do not believe that this world is created and ruled by a god at his will.
- Following the example of the Buddha, our Teacher, who is embodiment of Great Compassion (mahā
prajñā), we consider that the purpose of life is to develop compassion for all living beings without discrimination and to work for their good, happiness and peace; and to develop wisdom leading to the realization of Ultimate Truth.- We accept the Four Noble Truths taught by the Buddha, namely, Dukkha, the fact that our existence in this world is in predicament, is impermanent, imperfect, unsatisfactory, full of conflict;
interdependent and interrelated and nothing is absolute, permanent and everlasting in this universe.- We understand, according to the teaching of the Buddha, that all conditioned things (
anatta).- We accept the Thirty-seven Qualities conducive to Enlightenment (
bodhipakkhiyadhamma) as different aspects of the Path taught by the Buddha leading to Enlightenment, namely:
- Four Forms of Presence of Mindfulness (Pali: satipatthana; Skt. smrtyupasthana);
- Four Right Efforts (Pali.
samyakpradhana);- Four Bases of Supernatural Powers (Pali.
rddhipada);- Five Faculties (
prajna);- Five Powers (
bala, same five qualities as above);- Seven Factors of Enlightenment (Pali.
bodhyanga); aryamarga).- There are three ways of attaining .
- We admit that in different countries there are differences with regard to the ways of life of Buddhist monks, popular Buddhist beliefs and practices, rites and
rituals, ceremonies, customs and habits. These external forms and expressions should not be confused with the essential teachings of the Buddha.
See also
- Index of Buddhism-related articles
- Secular Buddhism
- World Buddhist Forum
- World Fellowship of Buddhists
Notes
- ISBN 1590560698.
- ^ Ven. Walpola Sri Rahula (December 1–7, 1981). "One Vehicle for Peace". Proceedings: Third International Congress World Buddhist Sangha Council. Third International Congress World Buddhist Sangha Council. Taiwan. pp. 32–35.
References
- Rahula, Walpola (1974). The Heritage of the Bhikkhu. NY: Grove Press; pp. 100, 137–8.
- The Young Buddhist, Singapore : Buddha Yana Organization, 1982, p. 161 -163