Belgrade Observatory
Observatory code | 057 |
---|---|
Location | Belgrade, Serbia |
Coordinates | 44°48′13″N 20°30′29″E / 44.80361°N 20.508°E |
Altitude | 253 m (830 ft) |
Established | 1887 |
Website | www |
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The Belgrade Observatory is an
.History
Origin (1887–1891)
In 1879,
Nedeljković was appointed first director of the newly founded Observatory. On 1 July 1887 Nedeljković started his activity at the provisory astronomical and meteorological observatory which was located in the rented house of the Gajzler family at 66 Svetozara Markovića Street.[3] Located at the crossroads of the Vojvode Milenka and Svetozara Markovića streets in the historical neighborhood of Vračar (though today administratively in the municipality of Savski Venac), the house still stands today.[4] Adopting the justified request of Prof. Nedeljković, a new Minister of Education, Dr Vladan Đorđević passed on 27 September 1888 the Regulation on the establishment of unified network of meteorological stations in the whole country. Then Observatory become Central meteorological station for data collection.
Vračar (1891–1929)
Observatory was operating in the Gajzler house until 1 May 1891, when it was moved into its own building. specifically constructed for that purpose at 8 Bulevar Oslobođenja.
During the withdrawal from Belgrade at the end of the World War I in 1918, the Austro-Hungarian army destroyed all the instruments in the observatory.[7]
Nedeljković remains one of the most important figures in the history of Serbian astronomy. He managed to acquire instruments for the new observatory from the war reparations from Germany, not spending the state money. The total value of the instruments he obtained was three times higher than the entire cost of the construction of the new observatory building.[2] Instruments arrived in 1922.[3]
In 1924, by ruling of the Faculty Council the Observatory was divided into two separate institutions: Astronomical Observatory and Meteorological Observatory of Belgrade University. Vojislav Mišković (1892–1976), at the time already a well established astronomer engaged at Nice Observatory, France was appointed as the head of the Astronomical Observatory in 1926.[8][9]
Zvezdara from 1929
Citing
It was projected and built between 1930 and 1932, and designed by
Later, the pavilions for the researchers and their families were built in the vicinity. Because of the observatory, at the time called zvezdarnica in Serbian, the entire area previously known as Veliki Vračar, became known as Zvezdara, both the modern neighborhood and the municipality of Belgrade.[2]
World War II
During World War II, section of the Observatory's administrative building was turned into the canteen for the German officers. Germans devised a plan to dismantle all of the equipment and take it to Germany, but due to the engagement of director Mišković, that was prevented.[2][4] Nevertheless, the facility was looted by the German soldiers.[7]
After 1945
From the end of 1957 until the end of 1959, three new observation pavilions were built – Pavilion of Large Vertical Circle
In 2001 the state placed the building of the observatory under protection, declaring it a
As of 2017, the Large Refractor is still operational, so as the dome above it, but it can't be used for further scientific research due to the heavy light pollution in Belgrade.[2]
Mount Vidojevica
Construction of the new Astronomical Station of the Belgrade Observatory infrastructure began at the summit of Mount
Directors
- Milan Nedeljković (1887–1899)
- Đorđe Stanojević (1899–1900)
- Milan Nedeljković (1900–1915)
- Victor Conrad (1916–1918)
- Milan Nedeljković (1919–1924)
- Milutin Milanković (1925–1926)
- Vojislav Mišković (1926–1946)
- Milorad B. Protić (1946–1948)
- Milutin Milanković (1948–1951)
- Vojislav Mišković (1951–1954)
- Milorad B. Protić (1954–1961)
- Vasilije Oskanjan (1961–1965)
- Petar Đurković (1965–1970)
- Milorad B. Protić (1971–1975)
- M. Mijatov (1975–1981)
- Miodrag Mitrović (1982–1989)
- Ištvan Vince (1990–1994)
- Milan Dimitrijević (1994–2001)
- Zoran Knežević (2002–2014)
- Gojko Ðurašević (2015–present)
See also
References
- ^ a b c Astronomical Observatory by Sasa Mihajlov
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Branka Vasiljević (16 October 2017), "Astronomska opservatorija osnovana pre 130 godina - Zvezdarnica na vrhu Beograda" [Astronomical observatory founded 130 year ago - Star observatory on the top of Belgrade], Politika (in Serbian), p. 15
- ^ a b c d e f Goran V. Anđelković (17 October 2017), "Opservatorija na Zvezdari" [Observatory on Zvezdara], Politika (in Serbian), p. 21
- ^ a b c d e f Branka Vasiljević (10 May 2015). "U Zvezdarnicu po astronomsko blago" (in Serbian). Politika.
- ^ Đorđe Stanojević in works of Jules Janssen
- ^ They built Serbia – Đorđe Stanojević
- ^ a b Darko Pejović (11 September 2017), "Vidojevica je srce Zvezdare", Politika (in Serbian), p. 11
- ISSN 2391-5447.
- ^ The Notes on Vojislav V. Mišković
- ^ Obituary Milorad B. Protic
- ^ a b Future Robotic observatory on Mountain Vidojevica:site and equipment specification
- ^ “Future science with metre-class telescopes” Dr. Milan Bogosavljević
- ^ http://firstlight.aob.rs/rationale.html "First light of the Milanković telescope"