Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
OCLC 148815162 | | |
Preceded by | Biblia Hebraica Kittel | |
---|---|---|
Followed by | Biblia Hebraica Quinta | |
Website | Official BHS text on www.academic-bible.com "The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia" on www.academic-bible.com |
The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, abbreviated as BHS or rarely BH4, is an edition of the
BHS fascicles and editors
The work has been published in 15
Fascicle | Editor | Publication | |
---|---|---|---|
01 | Librum Geneseos (Book of Genesis) |
Otto Eißfeldt | 1969 (Fascicle 1) |
02f | Libros Exodi et Levitici (Books of Exodus and Leviticus) |
Gottfried Quell | 1973 (Fascicle 2) |
04 | Librum Numerorum (Book of Numbers) |
Wilhelm Rudolph | 1972 (Fascicle 3a) |
05 | Librum Deuteronomii (Book of Deuteronomy) |
J. Hempel | 1972 (Fascicle 3b) |
06f | Libros Josuae et Judicum (Books of Joshua and Judges) |
Rudolf Meyer | 1972 (Fascicle 4) |
08 | Librum Samuelis (Books of Samuel) |
Pieter Arie Hendrik de Boer | 1976 (Fascicle 5) |
09 | Librum Regum (Books of Kings) |
Alfred Jepsen | 1974 (Fascicle 6) |
10 | Librum Jesaiae (Book of Isaiah) |
David Winton Thomas |
1968 (Fascicle 7) |
11 | Librum Jeremiae (Book of Jeremiah) |
Wilhelm Rudolph | 1970 (Fascicle 8) |
12 | Librum Ezechielis (Book of Ezekiel) |
Karl Elliger | 1971 (Fascicle 9) |
13 | Librum XII Prophetarum (Book of the Twelve Prophets) |
Karl Elliger | 1970 (Fascicle 10) |
14 | Librum Psalmorum (Book of Psalms) |
H. Bardtke | 1969 (Fascicle 11) |
15 | Librum Iob (Book of Job) |
Gillis Gerlemann | 1974 (Fascicle 12a) |
16 | Librum Proverbiorum (Book of Proverbs) |
F. Fichtner | 1974 (Fascicle 12b) |
17 | Librum Ruth (Book of Ruth) |
Theodore Henry Robinson | 1975 (Fascicle 13a) |
18f | Libros Cantici Canticorum et Ecclesiastes (Books of the Song of Songs and Ecclesiastes) |
F. Horst | 1975 (Fascicle 13b) |
20 | Librum Threnorum (Book of Lamentations) |
Theodore Henry Robinson | 1975 (Fascicle 13c) |
21 | Librum Esther (Book of Esther) |
F. Maass | 1975 (Fascicle 13d) |
22 | Librum Danielis (Book of Daniel) |
Walter Baumgartner | 1976 (Fascicle 14a) |
23 | Libros Esrae et Nehemiae (Books of Ezra and Nehemiah) |
Wilhelm Rudolph | 1976 (Fascicle 14b) |
24 | Libros Chronicorum (Books of Chronicles) |
Wilhelm Rudolph | 1975 (Fascicle 15) |
The processing and development of the Masoretic annotations and notes within all editions of the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia was the privilege of Gérard E. Weil. He also released the book Massorah Gedolah iuxta codicem Leningradensem B 19a at the Pontifical Biblical Institute in 1971, which is the very first Edition of the Masora Magna, what gives an idea of his unique expertise in relation to the Masora.
A print edition of the Leningrad Codex
The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia is meant to be an exact copy of the
Like its predecessor the Biblia Hebraica Kittel the BHS adds the letters samekh "ס" (for סתומה, setumah: "closed portion") and "פ" (for פתוחה, petuchah: "open portion") into the text to indicate blank spaces in the Leningrad Codex, which divide the text into sections.
One more difference to the Leningrad Codex is the book order: the Books of Chronicles have been moved to the end as it appears in common Hebrew bibles, even though it precedes Psalms in the codex.
Contents
The BHS is composed of the three traditional divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures: the
In the margins are
The sub loco notes do not necessarily explain interesting text variants; they are, in the vast majority, only notes on inaccurate word countings/frequencies. See Daniel S. Mynatt, The Sub Loco Notes in the Torah of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (Bibal, 1994); Christopher Dost, The Sub-Loco Notes in the Torah of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (Gorgias, 2016).
Footnotes record possible corrections to the Hebrew text. Many are based on the
Book order
The order of the biblical books generally follows the codex, even for the Ketuvim, where that order differs from most common printed Hebrew bibles. Thus the Book of Job comes after Psalms and before Proverbs, and the Megillot are in the order Ruth, Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes, Lamentations and Esther. The only difference is with Chronicles.
The Torah:
- 1. Genesis [בראשית / Bere’shit] (English rendering: "In beginning")
- 2. Exodus [שמות / Shemot] (English rendering: "Names")
- 3. Leviticus[ויקרא / Vayikera’] (English rendering: "And he called")
- 4. Numbers [במדבר / Bamidebar] (English rendering: "In the wilderness")
- 5. Deuteronomy[דברים / Devarim] (English rendering: "The words")
The Nevi'im:
- 6. Joshua [יהושע / Yehoshua‛]
- 7. Judges [שופטים / Shophetim]
- 8. Samuel (I & II) [שמואל / Shemuel]
- 9. Kings (I & II) [מלכים / Melakhim]
- 10. Isaiah [ישעיה / Yesha‛yahu]
- 11. Jeremiah [ירמיה / Yiremiyahu]
- 12. Ezekiel [יחזקאל / Yekhezq’el]
- 13. The Twelve Prophets [תרי עשר]
- a. Hosea [הושע / Hoshea‛]
- b. Joel [יואל / Yo’el]
- c. Amos [עמוס / Amos]
- d. Obadiah [עובדיה / ‛Ovadyah]
- e. Jonah [יונה / Yonah]
- f. Micah [מיכה / Mikhah]
- g. Nahum [נחום / Nakhum]
- h. Habakkuk [חבקוק /Havaquq]
- i. Zephaniah [צפניה / Tsephanyah]
- j. Haggai [חגי / Khagai]
- k. Zechariah [זכריה / Zekharyah]
- l. Malachi [מלאכי / Mal’akhi]
The Ketuvim
- The Sifrei Emet, the poetic books:
- The Five Megillot or "Five Scrolls":
- 17. Ruth [רות / Ruth]
- 18. Song of Songs [שיר השירים / Shir Hashirim]
- 19. Ecclesiastes [קהלת / Qoheleth]
- 20. Lamentations [איכה / Eikhah]
- 21. Esther [אסתר / Esther]
- The rest of the "Writings":
- 22. Daniel [דניאל / Dani’el]
- 23. Ezra-Nehemiah [עזרא ונחמיה / ‛Ezra’ veNekhemiah]
- 24. Chronicles (I & II) [דברי הימים / Diverei Hayamim]
Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: A Reader's Edition
In September 2014 an edition of the BHS called Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: A Reader's Edition (abbreviated as the BHS Reader) was published by the
The edition defines an English translation to every word in the text: words that occur 70 times or more are listed in a glossary in the back of the book, and words that occur fewer than 70 times are listed in the apparatus. The translations were mostly taken out of the Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, but also from DCH [a] and the Brown–Driver–Briggs.
Alongside with the translations it features a grammatical
Criticism
The bible scholar Emanuel Tov has criticised BHS somewhat for having errors, and for correcting errors in later editions without informing the reader.[3]
See also
- List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts
- Hebrew University Bible Project
- Hebrew Bible: A Critical Edition
- Biblia Hebraica Quinta
- Stuttgart Vulgate
- Hebrew Old Testament Text Project
Notes
- ^ DCH: Dictionary of Classical Hebrew by David J. A. Clines
References
- ^ Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, 1997, page xii
- ^ Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: A Reader's Edition, 2014, page xiii
- ^ He states: "The edition of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) originally appeared in fascicles which were corrected in the final printing, which carried the date 1967-1977. It was corrected again in the 1984 printing, yet even this printing contains mistakes". Textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible, Emanuel Tov, page 3. at Google books
BHS editions
- Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, Standard Edition, ISBN 978-3-438-05218-6
- Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, Pocket Book Edition, ISBN 978-3-438-05219-3
- Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, Study Edition (paperback), ISBN 978-3-438-05222-3
- Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, Wide-Margin Edition, ISBN 978-3-438-05224-7
- Biblia Sacra Utriusque Testamenti Editio Hebraica et Graeca (with ISBN 978-3-438-05250-6
Further reading
- Kelley, Page H, Mynatt, Daniel S and Crawford, Timothy G: The Masorah of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: Eerdmans, 1998
- Mynatt, Daniel S: The Sub Loco Notes in the Torah of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: Bibal Press, 1994
- Wonneberger, R: Understanding BHS: Biblical Institute Press, 1984
- Würthwein, Ernst: The Text of the Old Testament, an Introduction to the Biblia Hebraica (2nd edition): SCM Press, 1995
- Introduction to the Massoretico-Critical Edition of the Hebrew Bible by C.D. Ginsburg