Bonn–Paris conventions
Convention on relations between the Three Powers and the Federal Republic of Germany | |
---|---|
Signed | 26 May 1952 |
Location | Bonn, Germany |
Effective | 5 May 1955 |
Signatories | |
Citations | 6 UNTS 327 |
Convention on the Settlement of Matters Arising Out of the War and the Occupation | |
---|---|
Signed | 26 May 1952 |
Location | Bonn, Germany |
Effective | 5 May 1955 |
Signatories | |
Citations | 6 UNTS 219 |
Convention on the Rights and Obligations of Foreign Forces and Their Members in the Federal Republic of Germany | |
---|---|
Signed | 26 May 1952 |
Location | Bonn, Germany |
Effective | 5 May 1955 |
Signatories | |
Citations | 6 UNTS 3 |
Protocol on the Termination of the Occupation Regime in the Federal Republic of Germany | |
---|---|
Signed | 21 October 1954 |
Location | Paris, France |
Effective | 5 May 1955 |
Signatories | |
Citations | 6 UNTS 253 |
The Bonn–Paris conventions were signed in May 1952 and came into force after the 1955 ratification. The conventions put an end to the Allied occupation of West Germany.[1]
The delay between the signing and the ratification was due to the French failure to ratify the related treaty on the
Overview
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2022) |
Attaining sovereignty had become necessary in light of the rearmament efforts of the FRG. For this reason, it was agreed that the Treaty would only come to force when West Germany also joined the
Settlement Convention
Article 1 of Schedule I of the Settlement Convention provides that the Federal Republic of Germany is accorded "the full authority of a sovereign State over its internal and external affairs". However, Article 2 provides that the Three Powers retain their rights "relating to Berlin and to Germany as a whole, including the reunification of Germany and a peace settlement". Article 2 was designed to prevent acts undertaken by the Allies during the German occupation from being questioned retroactively by West German courts.[4]
Miriam Aziz of The Robert Schumann Centre, of the European University Institute, makes the point that there is a difference between the wording of the Settlement Convention "the full authority of a sovereign State" and the wording in the
See also
- Petersberg Protocol of November 1949. Signed between the three Allies and Konrad Adenauer, the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany.[1]
- London and Paris Conferences
- Four Power Agreement on Berlin
- Two Plus Four Agreement(Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany)
Footnotes
- ^ a b c d Joachim von Elbe U.S. Embassy Bonn History U.S. Diplomatic Mission to Germany /Public Affairs/ Information Resource Centers Updated: August 2001
- LCCN 92-20901.
- ^ Dwight D. Eisenhower. Special Message to the Senate Transmitting Protocols to Treaties Relating to the Federal Republic of Germany Archived 28 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine 15 November 1954 "I transmit herewith for the consideration of the Senate a certified copy of the Protocol on the Termination of the Occupation Regime in the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Paris on October 23, 1954..."
- ^ Miriam Aziz References pp. 5,6
- ^ Miriam Aziz References p. 6
- ^ "Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany". U.S. Diplomatic Mission to Germany. 12 September 1990. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
- ISBN 0-511-19218-5. See Section "THE PRESENCE OF THE PAST" paragraph 9.
References
- Miriam Aziz, (Robert Schumann Centre, European University Institute) Sovereignty Lost, Sovereignty Regained? Some Reflections on the Bundesverfassungsgericht’s Bananas Judgment(PDF) Constitutionalism Web-Papers, ConWEB No. 3/2003,
Further reading
- Aziz, Miriam. 'The Impact of European Rights on National Legal Cultures' (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2004)
- Declaration Regarding the Defeat of Germany and the Assumption of Supreme Authority by Allied Powers
- Approval by Western Military Governors: THE BONN CONSTITUTION (BASIC LAW FOR THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY) 12 May 1949
- Joint Resolution To Terminate the State of War Between the United States and the Government of Germany Public Law 181, 82nd Congress, Approved 19 October 1951
- Ostpolitik: The Quadripartite Agreement 3 September 1971
- Press release issued by the Registrar on the judgement in Prince Hans-Adam II of Liechtenstein v. Germany (application number 42527/98) 12 July 2001 (the judgement)
- "Appendix B—Four powers conference", Journals of the Senate of Canada - Second session of the twenty-second Parliament (1955), Ottawa, Queen's Printer, 1955, p. 62a–62f
- 1. Protocol 1. on the Termination of the Occupation Regime in the Federal Republic of Germany
- 2. Resume of the Five Schedules Attached to the Protocol on the Termination of the Occupation Regime
- Declaration of the Federal Republic on Aid to Berlin
- Convention on the presence of Foreign Forces in the Federal Republic of Germany
- 5. Three-Power Declaration on Berlin
- "Appendix C—Nine powers conference", Journals of the Senate of Canada - Second session of the twenty-second Parliament (1955), Ottawa, Queen's Printer, 1955, p. 62f–62t
- 1. Declaration involving Italy and the Federal Republic of Germany to accede to the Brussels Treaty
- 2. Protocol modifying and completing the Brussels Treaty
- 3. Letters with reference to the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice from, respectively, the Governments of the Federal Republic and of Italy to the other Governments signatory of the Protocol Modifying and Completing the Brussels Treaty
- 4. Resolution on Production and Standardization of Armaments (Adopted by the Nine-Power Conference on 21 October 1954)
- "Appendix D—NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL", Journals of the Senate of Canada - Second session of the twenty-second Parliament (1955), Ottawa, Queen's Printer, 1955, p. 62t–62II
- 1 Resolution to Implement Section IV of the Final Act of the London Conference
- 2. Resolution of Association
- Declaration by the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany
- Declaration by the Governments of United States of America, United Kingdom and France
- 3. Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of the Federal Republic of Germany
- 4 Resolution on Hesulis of the Four and Nine Power Meetings (Adopted by the North Atlantic Council on 22 October 1954)
- Final Act of the London Conference (3 October)
- Federal Chancellor's List – Declaration by the Powers
- British Statement
- Canadian Affirmation
- German Membership of NATO – Powers' Recommendation
- Principles of UN Charter – German Acceptance
- Declaration by the German Federal Republic
- Declaration by the Governments of U.S.A., U.K. and France
- European Unity – Close Association of Britain
- Annex 1. Draft Declaration and Draft Protocol Inviting Italy and the German Federal Republic to Accede to the Brussels Treaty