Bosques Nublados de Udima Wildlife Refuge

Lambayeque, Peru. The Refuge protects the flora and fauna of Andean cloud forests at elevations mostly between 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) and 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). The cloud forests are the headwaters for rivers providing water for downstream irrigation of farmland. The Refuge also preserves pre-Columbian archaeological ruins.^[1]

Amazon Basin to the east. The Andes are relatively low in elevation near the Refuge and plant and animal species characteristic of the Amazon rain forest are atypically found here on the western slopes of the Andes. The Peruvian government recognized the uniqueness of the forests in 2010 by creating the "Reserved Zone of Udima" consisting of 30,503 hectares (75,370 acres) of land.^[2]

sugar cane, centered on the town of Zaña (also spelled Saña).^[3] The Zaña River valley, overlooked by the Refuge, contains many pre-Columbian archaeological sites, including the oldest known irrigation canals in the Americas. The canals are dated to 3400 BCE and possibly are as old as 4700 BCE.^[4]

Cajamarca Region. The village of Udima, formerly known as Hacienda Udima, elevation 2,365 metres (7,759 ft), is the nearest populated place, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) north of the border of the Refuge. Udima had a population of 696 in 2017.^[5] The highest elevation in the Refuge is 3,367 metres (11,047 ft).^{[citation needed}