Botrytis elliptica
Botrytis elliptica | |
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Asexual spore of the fungus
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
Class: | Leotiomycetes |
Order: | Helotiales |
Family: | Sclerotiniaceae |
Genus: | Botrytis |
Species: | B. elliptica
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Binomial name | |
Botrytis elliptica (Berk.) Cooke, 1901
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Synonyms[1] | |
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Botrytis elliptica is a necrotrophic
Disease cycle
The disease cycle for Botrytis elliptica begins with infection of plants in spring. This may be derived from
Management
As Lilium species are of great horticultural interest in ornamental production, B. elliptica must be prevented and managed to continue production. Plant breeders currently work to determine Botrytis-resistant cultivars of Lilium. The rapid accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, nitrous oxide, and antioxidant activity trigger in the plant's defense response, and long-term, highly concentrated increases contribute to high resistance in these plants. Cultivars displaying high resistance are the Oriental and Oriental x Trumpet hybrid lines, whereas the susceptible cultivars included Asiatic and Trumpet cultivars.[6] Defense responses found in Lilium species are mediated by phytohormones involved in jasmonate signaling, increasing the transcription for defense-related proteins. These proteins include receptor kinases, antioxidant enzymes, polyphenol oxidase, pathogenesis-related proteins, and proteins involved in the phenylpropanoid metabolism. Highly resistant Lilium species cultivars express genes producing these proteins more effectively than in the susceptible cultivars.[7]
In addition to breeding for Botrytis-resistant cultivars, steps can be taken to prevent the spread of this mold in the field. Because this mold requires water to spread to other plants, Botrytis can be greatly reduced with good drainage to the soil and caution to avoid overwatering. Additionally, sanitation of plants is extremely important, such as deadheading dying flowers and removing infected leaves. The ascospores on this debris could overwinter and infect the plants in the spring, so it is advised to either bury the debris in a hole at least 12” deep or, preferably, burn it.[8] Fungicides are rarely needed and are typically used as a prevention method early in the season. Thiophanate-methyl, copper fungicides or, as a weak fungicide, neem oil, can be effectively used in home gardens, although with caution, particularly with new cultivars of Lilium species. These treatments should be applied to selected plants before treating an entire bed, and always using the recommended instructions on the product's label.[9]
References
- ^ "Oldstyle id: 0e7af1c2f29be593d983520dc6b9b6fc". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands.
- ^ "Gray Mold or Botrytis". Old Farmer's Almanac.
- ^ "Asiatic Lily Problems". homeguides.sfgate.com.
- ^ "Botrytis Blight: Botrytis cinerea; Botrytis spp" (PDF). Plant Disease Diagnostic Clinic, Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University.
- .
- PMID 29304484.
- .
- ^ "Gray Mold (Botrytis) | Focus on Plant Problems | U of I Extension". web.extension.illinois.edu.
- ^ Factsheet | HGIC 2100 | Updated (December 12, 2018). "Gray Mold (Botrytis Blight)". Home & Garden Information Center |. South Carolina: Clemson University.
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