Bulgarian Folk Songs

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Bulgarian Folk Songs, collected by the Miladinov Brothers Dimitar and Konstantin and published by Konstantin in Zagreb at the printing house of A. Jakic, 1861.
A letter from Dimitar Miladinov to Victor Grigorovich from February 25th, 1846 about his search for Bulgarian folk songs and artifacts in Macedonia.[1]
Georgi Rakovski from 8 January 1861 to explain the use of the term Bulgarian in the title of the collection.[note 1]
Georgi Rakovski , Feb. 7, 1861.[2]

Bulgarian Folk Songs

Shopluk and Srednogorie, published in 1861 by the Miladinov brothers. The Miladinovs' collection remains one of the greatest single works in the history of Bulgarian folklore studies and has been republished many times.[3] The collection is considered also to have played an important role by the historiography in North Macedonia
.

History

Publication

The two brothers were interested in Bulgarian folklore. This inspired them to compile the collection. Dimitar was the first one to start collecting songs. He was advised to begin this by the Russian

Panagyurishte area, were recorded by Marin Drinov and Nesho Bonchev. Rayko Zhinzifov, who went to Russia
with the help of D. Miladinov, was another collaborator.

In 1860 Konstantin addressed Croatian Bishop

folk songs, but also folk legends, traditions, rituals, names, riddles, and proverbs.[5] The collecting was highly assessed by its contemporaries - Lyuben Karavelov, Nesho Bonchev, Ivan Bogorov, Kuzman Shapkarev, Rayko Zhinzifov and others. The Russian scholar Izmail Sreznevsky pointed out in 1863 that the Bulgarians are far from lagging behind other peoples in poetic abilities. Elias Riggs, an American linguist in Constantinople, translated some songs into English and sent them to the American Oriental Society in Princeton, New Jersey. In 1862, Riggs wrote the collection presents an interesting picture of the traditions and fancies prevailing among the mass of the Bulgarian people. The collection compiled by the Miladinov brothers also played a great role in the development of the modern Bulgarian literature.[6][7]

The Miladinov Brothers Collection has been published many times in Bulgaria. The second edition came out in 1891, already in Bulgarian Principality. The third one was released in 1942, the fourth, in 1961, etc.

Macedonian controversy

After

Soros Foundation and the text on the cover was simply "Folk Songs", the upper part of the page showing "Bulgarian" was cut off.[20] Bulgarian scholars have accused their Macedonian colleagues of forging the original edition of the work of the Brothers by deliberately deleting the word "Bulgarian" from the Collection. This Bulgarian argument has strong support in international academic circles.[21]

Macedonian researchers claim the "Bulgarian" designation appeared in the title shortly prior to the book’s publication,

Macedonian Slavs then, called themselves Bulgarians[29] and worked together to create a common literary standard, called Bulgarian.[30][31]
Today in North Macedonia the pupils do not have the access to this collection in original, while the museums there also refuse to display it, because of the Bulgarian labels in the text.
pseudo-history.[33] In March 2021, a shipment with the original edition of the book, which was intended for the Cultural Center of Bulgaria in Skopje, was not allowed on the territory of North Macedonia, which provoked an official protest from the Bulgarian side.[34][35]

Sample of the first song in the book

English language
Bulgarian orthography
 Macedonian orthography Original orthography

Yoan Popov left,
to go on Easter,
on Easter, to plow,
when he reached the halfway,
A

Samovila
came out,
A Woodland Faerie,
his roads she barred:
- Go back, Yoan Popov,
Do not go on Easter,
on Easter, to plow!
...

Кинисал ми Йо'ан Попов,
да ми о'ит на Великден,
на Великден на оранье.
И ми пойде до пол-пъти,
и излезе Самовила,
Самовила Самогорска,
пътищата му предстрети:
- Врат' се, врати, Йо'ан Попов,
не одай ми на Великден,
на Великден на оранье!
...

Кинисал ми Јо’ан Попов,
Да ми о’ит на Велигден
На Велигден на орање,
И ми појде до пол-пати,
И излезе Самовила
Самовила Самогорска,
Патиштата му предстрети:
„Врат’ се, врати Јо’ан Попов,
Не одај ми на Велигден
На Велигден на орање!”
...

Кинисалъ ми Јо’анъ Поповъ,
Да ми о’итъ на Велигденъ
На Велигденъ на оранѥ,
И ми пойде до пол-пѫти,
И излезе Самовила
Самовила Самогорска,
Пѫтища-та му предстрети:
„Врат’ сѣ, врати Јо’анъ Поповъ,
Не одай ми на Велигденъ
На Велигденъ на оранѥ!”
...

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "...But I implore you to publish the foreword I sent you in your newspaper, adding a word or two about the songs and especially about the Western Bulgarians in Macedonia. In the foreword I have called Macedonia - Western Bulgaria (as it should be called), because the Greeks in Vienna are treating us just like sheep. They consider Macedonia a Greek province and they are not even able to understand that it is not a Greek region. But what shall we do with the Bulgarians there who are more than two million people? Surely the Bulgarians will not still be sheep with a few Greeks as their shepherds? That time has irrevocably passed and the Greeks will have to be satisfied merely with their sweet dreams. I think that the songs should be distributed chiefly among the Bulgarians, and this is why I have fixed a low price."
  2. Cyrillic: Бѫлгарски народни пѣсни. The original title of the book was written in an unstandardized Bulgarian orthography
    .
  3. ^ Modern Bulgarian: Български народни песни, [ˈbəlɡɐrski nɐˈrɔdni ˈpɛsni], Macedonian: Бугарски народни песни, [ˈbugɑrski ˈnɑrɔdni ˈpɛsni].
  4. ^ The book is known in North Macedonia as the Collection of the Miladinov brothers (Macedonian: Зборникот на Миладиновци, [ˈzbɔrnikɔt nɑ milɑˈdinɔft͡si]).
  5. ^ In fact today these areas are in West and Central Bulgaria.
  6. ^ The Bulgarian Ministry of Education officially codified a standard Bulgarian language based on the Drinov-Ivanchev orthography in 1899, while Macedonian was finally codified between 1945 and 1950 in Communist Yugoslavia, that finalized the progressive split in the common Macedonian–Bulgarian pluricentric area.

External links

References

  1. ^ "...In the meantime my efforts concerning our Bulgarian language and the Bulgarian (folk) songs, in compliance with your recommendations are unsurpassed. I have not for one moment ceased to fulfil the pledge which I made to you, Sir, because the Bulgarians are spontaneously striving for the truth. But I hope you will excuse my delay up till now, which is due to the difficulty I had in selecting the best songs and also in my work on the grammar. I hope that, on another convenient occasion, after I have collected more songs and finished the grammar, I will be able to send them to you. Please write where and through whom it would be safe to send them to you (as you so ardently wish)..." For more: Братя Миладинови – преписка. Издирил, коментирал и редактирал Никола Трайков. (Българска академия на науките, Институт за история. Издателство на БАН, София 1964) Подготвил за печат Веселин Н. Трайков. Отговорни редактори акад. Ив. Снегаров и проф. Т. Влахов, стр. 13.
  2. ^ The ad among others states: Six years ago we began collecting poems from all parts of Western Bulgaria, i.e. from Macedonia, approx. from Ohrid, Struga, Prilep, Veles, Kostur, Kukush, Strumica and other places; but also from Eastern Bulgaria. For more: в-к Квантов преход, Година ХІV • бр. 7 (141) • 1 - 31 юли 2018 г. стр. 5. НБКМ, фонд. Раковски, I Б 1245; (стар инв. № 7159).
  3. ISBN 3110810603
    , p. 85.
  4. ^ Simeon Simeonov, Vassil Cholakov in the Folklore of the Bulgarian National Revival, Journal: Български фолклор, 1979, Issue No 3, pp. 31-43. Language: Bulgarian.
  5. ISBN 9780761418542
    .
  6. ^ Люлка на старата и новата българска писменост. Академик Емил Георгиев, (Държавно издателство Народна просвета, София 1980)
  7. ^ Петър Динеков. Делото на братя Миладинови.(Българска акдемия на науките, 1961 г.)
  8. ^ Bechev, Dimitar (2009). Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia. p. 149.
  9. ISBN 1139457284
    , p. 71.
  10. ISBN 0-691-04356-6
    , pp. 65-66.
  11. ISBN 0208008217
    , Chapter 9: The encouragement of Macedonian culture.
  12. ^ Stefan Troebst sees the Macedonian process of nation building as a perfect example of Gellner's theory of nationalism. Since the foundation of the Yugoslav Macedonia this construction was conducted in haste and hurry: “National language, national literature, national history and national church were not available in 1944, but they were accomplished in a short time. The south-east-Slavic regional idiom of the area of Prilep-Veles was codified as the script, normed orthographically by means of the Cyrillic Alphabet, and taken over immediately by the newly created media. And the people have been patching up the national history ever since. Thus, they are forming more of an “ethnic” than a political concept of nation. For more, see: One Macedonia With Three Faces: Domestic Debates and Nation Concepts, in Intermarium; Columbia University; Volume 4, No. 3 (2000–2001) and Stefan Troebst, "Makedonische Antworten auf die ‘Makedonische Frage" 1944-1992: Nationalismus, Republiksgründung, nation-building in Südosteuropa, 7-8/1992, 431.
  13. ^ Миладинова, М. 140 години "Български народни песни" от братя Миладинови. Отзвук и значение. сп. Македонски преглед, 2001, Македонският научен институт, бр. 4, стр. 5-21.
  14. ^ In the announcement by the Miladinov Brothers about the subscription for their collection called Bulgarian Folk Songs, published in Belgrade by Konstantin Miladinov on February 7, 1861 in the Bulgarian newspaper Dunavski Lebed, issue № 20, he wrote: "We started collecting folk songs six years ago from all parts of Western Bulgaria, i.e. Macedonia... as well as from Eastern Bulgaria. These folk songs will be supplemented with traditional rites of betrothal and match-making from Struga and Kukush; proverbs, riddles, legends and about 2,000 words which have become obsolete or differ from other dialects". For more see: D. Kossev et al., Macedonia, documents and materials, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, (in English) Sofia, 1978, p. 48.
  15. ISBN 0817948813
    , p. 84.
  16. ISBN 900425076X
    , pp. 273-330.
  17. ISBN 3034301960
    , p. 72.
  18. Georgi Rakovski, dated 31 January 1861:On my order form I have called Macedonia “Western Bulgaria”, as it should be called, because the Greeks in Vienna are ordering us around like sheep. They want Macedonia to be Greek territory and still do not realize that it cannot be Greek. But what are we to do with the more than two million Bulgarians there? Shall the Bulgarians still be sheep and a few Greeks the shepherds? Those days are gone and the Greeks shall be left with no more than their sweet dream. I believe the songs will be distributed among the Bulgarians, and have therefore set a low price for them. For more see: Spyridon Sfetas, The image of the Greeks in the work of the Bulgarian revolutionary and intellectual Georgi Rakovski. Balkan Studies, [S.l.], v. 42, n. 1, p. 89-107, Jan. 2001. ISSN 2241-1674. Available at: <https://ojs.lib.uom.gr/index.php/BalkanStudies/article/view/3313/3338
    >.
  19. ISBN 3034301960
    , pp. 93-94.
  20. ^ a b Živić, T., & Vranješ, A. (2017). Josip Juraj Strossmayer: A Statesman of Culture. Култура/Culture, 6(14), 136-144. Retrieved from https://journals.cultcenter.net/index.php/culture/article/view/276
  21. ^ Lazarević, Dragana 2015. The politics of heritage in the West Balkans: the evolution of nation-building and the invention of national narratives as a consequence of political changes. Cardiff University, PhD Thesis, pp. 323-324.
  22. ^ Проф. Ачкоска: Зборникот на Миладиновци – „Бугарски народни песни“ Opserver.mk, 4/21/21
  23. ^ Георги Тренчев, Сборникът „Български народни песни“ в хърватския периодичен печат от 1860 – 1861 г., сп. Македонски преглед, 2021, Македонският научен институт, бр. 3, стр. 85–100.
  24. ^ Ранко Младеноски, Македонецот К. Миладинов кај Хрватот С. Томаш, Меѓународен научен собир „Македонско-хрватски книжевни, културни и јазични врски“, Охрид, Република Македонија, стр. 679-687; броj: II/ 2014 г.
  25. ^ “e-Journal VFU”, Варненски свободен университет "Черноризец Храбър, Брой 12, 2019 г. Д-р Димитър Маринов, Три страници от началото на българската ономанистика, стр. 10-30.
  26. ^ Mariya Mitskova, The papers of Vasil Cholakov in the context of dialectological researches during the Bulgarian National Revival period. Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv; Research papers, vol. 54, Book 1, part A, 2016 – Languages and literature, p. 77; (in Bulgarian).
  27. ^ Sonja Stojmenska-Elzeser, National Poets and Cultural Saints of Europe: Macedonian (questionnaire), Institute of Macedonian Literature, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 2016.
  28. ISBN 1443888494
    , p. 102.
  29. ISBN 0847698092
    , p. 236.
  30. ISBN 0-8108-6295-6
    .
  31. ^ From Rum Millet to Greek and Bulgarian Nations: Religious and National Debates in the Borderlands of the Ottoman Empire, 1870–1913. Theodora Dragostinova, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
  32. ISBN 186064841X
    .
  33. ISBN 1403997209
    , p. 89.
  34. ^ Minister Zaharieva summons North Macedonia’s Ambassador to Sofia over slander campaign. Radio Bulgaria, 3/27/21.
  35. ^ North Macedonia’s Blockade on Book Donation Riles Bulgaria Sinisa Jakov Marusic, Balkan Insight (BIRN), 3/29/21
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