Caedite eos. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius.
"Caedite eos. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius." is a phrase reportedly spoken by the commander of the
Less formal English translations have given rise to variants such as "Kill them all; let God sort them out." Some modern sources give the quotation as Neca eos omnes. Deus suos agnoscet, evidently a translation from English back into Latin, and so omitting a biblical reference to
Background
Amalric's own version of the siege, described in his letter to Pope Innocent III in August 1209, states:
While discussions were still going on with the barons about the release of those in the city who were deemed to be Catholics, the servants and other persons of low rank and unarmed attacked the city without waiting for orders from their leaders. To our amazement, crying "to arms, to arms!", within the space of two or three hours they crossed the ditches and the walls and Béziers was taken. Our men spared no one, irrespective of rank, sex or age, and put to the sword almost 20,000 people. After this great slaughter the whole city was despoiled and burnt ...[3]
About thirteen years later Caesarius of Heisterbach relates this story about the massacre, with the papal legate quoted using the words Caedite eos. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius:[4]
When they discovered, from the admissions of some of them, that there were Catholics mingled with the heretics they said to the abbot "Sir, what shall we do, for we cannot distinguish between the faithful and the heretics." The abbot, like the others, was afraid that many, in fear of death, would pretend to be Catholics, and after their departure, would return to their heresy, and is said to have replied "Kill them all for the Lord knoweth them that are His" (2 Tim. ii. 19) and so countless number in that town were slain.[5]
Although Caesarius did not state definitively that this sentence had been uttered, he wrote that Amalric "was reported to have said it" (dixisse fertur in the original text).[6] There is little if any doubt that these words captured the spirit of the assault,[7] and that Arnaud and his crusaders planned to kill the inhabitants of any stronghold that offered resistance.[8] The crusaders (which Arnaud referred to as nostri, "our men")[9] rampaged and killed without restraint.[10] Both Arnaud and Caesarius were Cistercians. Arnaud was the head of the Cistercian Order at the time, and Caeasarius required an imprimatur, so it is unlikely that Arnaud's alleged order as reported by Caesarius was seen at the time as reflecting badly on Arnaud. On the contrary the incident was included as an exemplum in Caeasarius's Book of Miracles because (to Cistercians at least) it reflected well on Arnaud.[1]
Meaning
The
The phrase is a partial quotation from the Vulgate version of
In culture
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- The phrase has been adopted by members of the
- In the video game Duke Nukem 3D, the character uses the latter half of this expression after killing aliens.
- In The Simpsons episode "The Boy Who Knew Too Much", Bart is concerned an innocent person may go to jail and confides in Marge. In an attempt to assuage Bart's concern, Marge says, "Well, Bart, your Uncle Arthur used to have a saying, 'Shoot 'em all and let God sort 'em out.' Unfortunately, one day he put his theory in to practice. It took 75 federal marshals to bring him down. Now let's never speak of him again."
- In Midnight Mass episode 6, this phrase is alluded to when discussing an imminent danger to the townspeople. Bev Keane says, "those who've been coming to church and taking communion–they have nothing to fear tonight. As for the rest of them, let God sort them out."
- In Altered Carbon Season 2 episode 3, this sentence is spoken by Colonel Carrera.
- On the Marilyn Manson album Antichrist Superstar, the song "The Reflecting God" features the lyrics "Let's just kill everyone, and let your God sort them out!"
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 979-8598792780.
- ^ OCLC 874730661.
- ISBN 9780851159256.
- ^ Headsman (22 July 2009). "1209: Massacre of Béziers, 'kill them all, let God sort them out'". Retrieved 12 May 2014.
- ^ "Medieval Sourcebook: Caesarius of Heisterbach: Medieval Heresies: Waldensians, Albigensians, Intellectuals". Fordham University. Archived from the original on 18 August 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
- OCLC 656501629.
- OCLC 787862175.
Caesarius of Heisterbach amalric.
- ^ William of Tudela, cited in Zoé Oldenburg, Massacre at Montségur, page 116
- ISBN 9780851159256.
- OCLC 47720027.
- OCLC 759174383.