Candidatus Carsonella ruddii

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Candidatus Carsonella ruddii
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Pseudomonadota
Class:
Gammaproteobacteria
Order:
unclassified
Genus:
Candidatus Carsonella
Species:
Ca. C. ruddii
Binomial name
Candidatus Carsonella ruddii
Thao et al. 2000

"

genomes of any characterised bacteria.[2]

This is the first, and as of February 2022 the only[3][4] species described from the genus Candidatus Carsonella, named after Rachel Carson.[5]

Endosymbiosis

The species is an endosymbiont that is present in all species of phloem sap-feeding insects known as psyllids.[5][6] The endosymbionts occurs in a specialised structure known as the bacteriome.

C. ruddii is not completely parasitic in its relationship with its host insect; it supplies the host with some essential amino acids. It is therefore probably in the evolutionary process of becoming an

mitochondria of eukaryotic cells that also evolved from an endosymbiont.[7]

Genome

In 2006 the genome of Ca. C. ruddii strain

overlapping genes and reduced gene length. The number of predicted genes was 182, also the lowest on record (NCBI-Genome). In comparison, Mycoplasma genitalium, which has the smallest genome of any free-living organism, has a genome of 521 genes. Numerous genes considered essential for life seem to be missing, suggesting that the species may have achieved organelle-like status.[2]

At the time of its sequencing, C. ruddii was thought to have the smallest genome of any characterized bacterial species.[8] Nasuia deltocephalinicola is now considered to have the known smallest bacterial genome (112kb).[9]

C. ruddii and related species appear to be actively undergoing

gene loss.[10]

References

  1. PMID 12572614
    .
  2. ^
    S2CID 44570539
    .
  3. ^ "Taxonomy browser ("Candidatus Carsonella ruddii")". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  4. PMID 32761142
    .
  5. ^
    PMID 10877784
    .
  6. S2CID 20069209
    .
  7. ISBN 978-0321929150.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link
    )
  8. PMID 24995872
    .
  9. PMID 23918810
    .
  10. PMID 22821013
    .

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Candidatus_Carsonella_ruddii&oldid=1189311161"